9/22/2021 History: Establishment of the Mughal Rule: Rise of Sher Shah Suri and Second Afghan Empire- FlexiPrep FlexiPrep History: Establishment of the Mughal Rule: Rise of Sher Shah Suri and Second Afghan Empire (For CBSE, ICSE, IAS, NET, NRA 2022) Doorsteptutor material for CTET/Paper-1 is prepared by world's top subject experts: get questions, notes, tests, video lectures and more- for all subjects of CTET/Paper-1. Humayun՚s Retreat and Afghan Revival (1530 - 1540) Humayun succeeded Babur in 1530. The main problems faced by Humayun were: The newly captured territories were not consolidated. Humayun did not seek respect of the Mughal nobility. Chaghatai nobles, who supported Babur, did not support Humayun. He was sharing the power with his brothers. Humayun governed the centre-Delhi, Agra and Central India, while Kamran was given Afghanistan and Punjab. Threat posed by Afghans. Bahadur Shah was consolidating power in Malwa and Rajputana. He attacked Chittor in 1534. He annexed Mandu and camped there waiting for Bahadur Shah՚s return to Gujarat. The absence of Humayun in Agra resulted in rebellions. Sher Shah initiated expansionist and consolidating policy in Bihar and Bengal. He invaded the Bengal army and defeated him in the battle of Surajgarh. Sher Sha attacked Mughal territories. Humayun appointed Hindu Beg to check the movements of Sher Shah. Sher Shah captured Gaur (capital of Bengal) in 1538. He then took control over the route of Agra, which made Humayun challenging to communicate. Brother of Humayun, Hindal Mirza, who was providing supplies for his army, declared independence. Humayun and Sher Shah fought at Chausa in 1539, and defeated Humayun. Sher Shah declared independence. He moved to Agra and fought another battle with Humayun. In the battle of Kanauj (1540) Humayun was defeated. Rise of Sher Shah Suri 1 of 3 9/22/2021 History: Establishment of the Mughal Rule: Rise of Sher Shah Suri and Second Afghan Empire- FlexiPrep ©FlexiPrep. Report ©violations ＠https://tips.fbi.gov/ Second Afghan Empire (1540 - 1555) Sher Shah Sher Shah succeeded the throne after Humayun and established the second Afghan empire in 1540. He ruled for 15 years. Major battles include: After defeating Humayun, he annexed Malwa and Chanderi in 1542. He led the battle against the Marwar, Ranthambhore, Nagor, Ajmer, Merta Jodhpur and Bikaner. He defeated Afghans in Bengal. While conquering fort Kalinjar, he died in 1545 due to a blast of gun powder. Sher Shah was succeeded by his son Islam Shah. Islam Shah had to face conflicts from his brothers. After his death in 1553, the Afghan empire weakened gradually. In 1555, Humayun captured Agra and Delhi and crowned as emperor of India. However, soon died after falling from stairs in 1556. 2 of 3 9/22/2021 History: Establishment of the Mughal Rule: Rise of Sher Shah Suri and Second Afghan Empire- FlexiPrep Developed by: Mindsprite Solutions 3 of 3.