J. Jpn. Bot. 91: 79–83 (2016) Correct Name of the Japanese Endemic Species Pertya trilobata (Asteraceae) Tetsuo OHI-TOMA* and Jin MURATA Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0001 JAPAN *Corresponding author: [email protected] (Accepted on October 14, 2015) For the name of one of the Japanese endemic species of Pertya sect. Macroclinidium (Asteraceae) or the genus Macroclinidium, the adjective trilobus has been used as the specific epithet, as P. triloba or M. trilobum. However, this adjectival epithet should be treated as an orthographical variant of trilobatus used in M. trilobatum Makino, because they are confusingly similar epithets based on the same type. Thus, its correct name under Pertya is P. trilobata (Makino) Makino based on M. trilobatum, which has priority as the validly published name. Concurrently, on the basis of cytological, morphological and preliminary molecular evidences, P. ×koribana (Nakai) Makino & Nemoto, which has been known as a putative hybrid between P. trilobata and P. robusta, is to be treated as P. trilobata having unlobed leaves. Key words: Asteraceae, Macroclinidium trilobum, Macroclinidium trilobatum, Macroclinidium koribanum, nomenclature, Pertya ×koribana, Pertya triloba, Pertya trilobata. Pertya Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae) consists of nested in Pertya (Ohi-Toma unpublished). ca. 25 species from Sino-Japanese region to For the name of one of the Japanese endemic Thailand and Afghanistan (Katinas et al. 2008, perennial herbs, the adjective trilobus has Gao and Hind 2011). Most of them, which are been used as a specific epithet: Pertya triloba shrubs or subshrubs, are classified into section (Makino) Makino (Kitamura 1981, Yonekura Pertya. Three Japanese endemic perennial 2012), Pertya triloba (Makino) Matsum. herbs constitute sect. Macroclinidium (Maxim.) (Koyama 1995), Macroclinidium trilobum Makino (Kitamura 1938, 1940, Koyama 1995). (Makino) Makino (Katinas et al. 2008), or This section has often been recognized as an M. trilobum Makino (Freire 2012). However, independent genus Macroclinidium Maxim. this adjectival epithet should be treated as an (Makino 1898a, 1900b, Nakai 1912, Nemoto orthographical variant of trilobatus used in M. 1936, Hara 1952, Suzuki 1970, Katinas et al. trilobatum Makino (1894). Here, we review the 2008). Recently, Freire (2012) indicated the nomenclature of the taxon (Tables 1–3), and separation of Macroclinidium from Pertya based showed that its correct name is Pertya trilobata on morphological cladistic analysis. However, (Makino) Makino (1900a: 144) based on M. a preliminary molecular phylogeny indicated trilobatum. that Macroclinidium is not monophyletic and is —79— 80 Table 1. Changes in treatments by T. Makino. The boldface is used for the accepted name and others are its synonyms Makino (1892) Makino (1894) Makino (1898a) Makino (1898b) Makino (1900a) Makino (1900b) Makino and Nemoto (1925, 1931) A. triloba Makino, M. trilobatum Makino M. trilobatum Makino M. trilobum Makino P. triloba Makino M. trilobum Makino P. triloba Makino [nom. nud.] A. triloba Makino, A. triloba Makino, A. triloba Makino A. triloba Makino A. triloba Makino M. trilobatum Makino [nom. nud.] [nom. nud.] M. trilobatum Makino M. trilobatum Makino M. trilobatum Makino M. trilobum Makino P. fauriei Franch. P. fauriei Franch. A. = Ainsliaea, M. = Macroclinidium, P. = Pertya. 植物研究雑誌 第 Table 2. Treatments as Pertya triloba. The boldface is used for the accepted name and others are its synonyms Matsumura (1902) Kitamura (1938) Kitamura (1940) Ohwi (1953, 1965a, 1965b) Kitamura (1981) Koyama (1995) P. triloba (Makino) Matsum. P. triloba Makino P. triloba Makino P. triloba (Makino) Makino P. triloba (Makino) Makino P. triloba (Makino) Matsum. A. triloba Makino A. triloba Makino, A. triloba Makino, [nom. nud.] [nom. nud.] 91 M. trilobatum Makino M. trilobatum Makino, 巻 第 [nom. nud.] M. trilobum Makino M. trilobum Makino M. trilobum Makino M. trilobum Makino M. trilobum Makino M. trilobum Makino 2 P. fauriei Franch. P. fauriei Franch. P. fauriei Franch. P. fauriei Franch. 号 A. = Ainsliaea, M. = Macroclinidium, P. = Pertya. Table 3. Treatments as Macroclinidium trilobum. The boldface is used for the accepted name and others are its synonyms Nakai (1912) Nemoto (1936) Hara (1952), Suzuki (1970) Katinas et al. (2008) Freire (2012) M. trilobum Makino M. trilobum Makino M. trilobum Makino M. trilobum (Makino) Makino M. trilobum Makino A. triloba Makino A. triloba Makino, [nom. nud.] A. triloba Makino, [basionym] P. triloba Makino M. trilobatum Makino M. trilobatum Makino, [nom. seminud.] P. triloba (Makino) Matsum., [comb. superfl.] P. triloba Makino P. triloba Makino P. triloba Makino 2016 P. fauriei Franch. P. fauriei Franch. P. fauriei Franch. P. triloba (Makino) Matsum. 年 4 A. = Ainsliaea, M. = Macroclinidium, P. = Pertya. 月 April 2016 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 91 No. 2 81 Pertya trilobata (Makino) Makino Makino, whose basionym is A. triloba, Freire Makino (1892) proposed Ainsliaea triloba (2012) did not regard either A. triloba nor M. Makino, whose Japanese name is “Oyari- trilobatum as the basionym of M. trilobum. haguma,” as a new species candidate without a However, Makino (1898b) listed A. triloba and description, diagnosis, or reference to a previous M. trilobatum with their references as synonyms publication. In it, he cited two specimens (Iwaki, of M. trilobum and cited three specimens, of T. Makino s.n., and Iwashiro, T. Makino s.n.), which two are the syntypes of M. trilobatum. which are kept in the herbarium TI. Two years Therefore, M. trilobatum and M. trilobum are later, when Makino (1894) validly published the treated as orthographical variants, because new species providing a description in Japanese, they are confusingly similar names based on he adopted Macroclinidium trilobatum Makino the same type (Art. 61.5 of the ICN, McNeill rather than A. triloba. However, Hara (1952) 2012). M. trilobatum in Makino (1894: 302) has and Suzuki (1970) regarded M. trilobatum as priority as the validly published name. Here, the a nomen seminudum because the description specimen, which Freire (2012) designated as the was given in Japanese only. Katinas et al. lectotype of M. trilobum from three specimens (2008) recognized A. triloba (1892) as a validly cited in Makino (1898b), is one of the syntypes published name, but it was not accompanied of M. trilobatum. Therefore, the lectotype of M. by a description. Recently, when Freire (2012) trilobatum was designated by Freire (2012). reviewed the genus Macroclinidium, she When Makino (1900a) treated additionally mentioned that A. triloba in Makino Macroclinidium as a section of the genus Pertya, (1892) is a nomen nudum and that M. trilobatum he published P. triloba Makino as nomen novum. in Makino (1894) is apparently a synonym of A. After Makino (1898b, 1900a), many authors triloba, probably overlooking the description in used P. triloba Makino or P. triloba (Makino) Japanese. Makino and included A. triloba Makino, M. According to the mention in Makino (1894), trilobum and/or M. trilobatum in the synonymic he accepted M. trilobatum, not A. triloba, as list (Tables 1–2). Of them, Kitamura (1938, a new species (Art. 36.1 and 38.1 of the ICN, 1940) regarded A. triloba and M. trilobatum McNeill 2012). In addition, when Makino as nomina nuda. However, P. triloba is to be (1898a) published a diagnosis of M. trilobatum treated as an orthographical variant, because Makino in both English and Japanese, he Makino (1900a) cited A. triloba Makino, M. cited Makino (1894) as the protologue of the trilobatum Makino, M. trilobum Makino with species. Here, although no type was designated their references as synonyms. Therefore, Pertya or definitely indicated in the protologue, the triloba Makino (1900a: 144) is based on M. two specimens, which were associated with A. trilobatum (1894: 302), and its correct name is to triloba in Makino (1892), are to be the syntypes be P. trilobata (Makino) Makino (1900a: 144). of M. trilobatum. Matsumura (1902) published Pertya triloba On the other hand, only four months after (Makino) Matsum. (Table 2). Koyama (1995) Makino (1898a), Makino (1898b) published adopted the name and cited M. trilobum Makino Macroclinidium trilobum Makino with a as a synonym. However, P. triloba (Makino) detailed description in English based on “Illustr. Matsum. is a later isonym of P. triloba (Makino) Flor. Jap. I. ined. n. 12, tab LXXI”, whose plate Makino (Art. 6, Note 2 of the ICN, McNeill with Japanese description was published by 2012). Makino (1934). After that, M. trilobum has often been recognized (Table 3). Although Katinas Pertya koribanum et al. (2008) recognized M. trilobum (Makino) As putative hybrids related to P. trilobata, 82 植物研究雑誌 第 91 巻 第 2 号 2016 年 4 月 P. ×koribana (Nakai) Makino & Nemoto and putative hybrid is to be treated as P. trilobata P. ×suzukii Kitam. are known (cf. Koyama having unlobed leaves. 1995, Yonekura 2012, Freire 2012). Of them, P. ×suzukii is morphologically and genetically Taxonomic treatment confirmed as a natural hybrid between P. Pertya trilobata (Makino) Makino in trilobata and P. rigidula (Miq.) Makino (Ohi- Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 14: 144 (1900), ‘triloba’; Toma unpublished). However, it is not supported Matsum. in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 16: 18 (1902), that P. ×koribana is a natural hybrid. isonym, ‘triloba’. [≡ Ainsliaea triloba Makino Nakai (1912) published Macroclinidium in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 6: 55 (1892), nom. nud.] ≡ koribanum Nakai, whose Japanese name is Macroclinidium trilobatum Makino in Bot. Mag. “Sendai-haguma,” based on capitula with one (Tokyo) 8: 302 (1894). ≡ M. trilobatum Makino flower and ovate-acuminate leaves. Makino and in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 12: 78 (1898), ‘trilobum’. Nemoto (1925) treated it as Pertya koribana Lectotype (designated by Freire 2012): JAPAN. (Nakai) Makino & Nemoto. Makino (1933) Iwaki, Yanagibashi, 16 Aug. 1890, T. Makino published it as P. triloba Makino var. koribana s.n. (TI!). Syntype: JAPAN, Iwaki, Moniwa, 3 (Nakai) Makino, whose Japanese names are Sept. 1890, T. Makino s.n. (TI!). “Sendai-haguma” or “Maruba-oyarihaguma.” = Pertya fauriei Franch.