Atkins North America, Inc. 3570 Carmel Mountain Road, Suite 300 San Diego, California 92130 Telephone: +1.858.874.1810 Fax: +1.858.259.0741 www.atkinsglobal.com/northamerica Title: A Historical Survey Report for Lake Hodges Water Quality and Quagga Mitigation Measure Project, San Diego, California Contract/Task Order Number: As-Needed Environmental Services Contract H125692/Task Order #16 Prepared for: Summer Adleberg, Environmental Biologist City of San Diego Public Utilities Department 9192 Topaz Way San Diego, CA 92123 Prepared By: Atkins 3570 Carmel Mountain Road, Suite 300 San Diego, CA 92130 Author: Sandra Pentney, M.A., RPA Principal Investigator/Associate Project Manager Michael M. DeGiovine Archaeologist/Field Technician Date: June 14, 2016 USGS: 7.5-minute Quadrangles: Escondido and Rancho Santa Fe, California, T13S, R2W, Section 18 Keywords: Cultural Resources, Lake Hodges Reservoir, San Diego, California, ISO-01, ISO-02, ISO-03 Ms. Summer Adleberg City of San Diego PUD June 14, 2016 Page 2 of 17 Contents I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION ................................................................... 3 Project Description .......................................................................................................... 3 Project Location ............................................................................................................... 3 II. SETTING ......................................................................................................................... 3 Natural Setting ................................................................................................................. 3 III. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ............................................................................................... 6 IV. STUDY METHODS ......................................................................................................... 7 V. RESULTS OF STUDY ..................................................................................................... 7 Archival Research ........................................................................................................... 7 Field Survey and Evaluation of Significance .................................................................. 13 VI. RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................. 15 VII. SOURCES CONSULTED .............................................................................................. 15 VIII. CERTIFICATION ........................................................................................................... 17 Figures Figure 1. General Location Map ................................................................................................ 4 Figure 2. Local Vicinity Aerial Map ............................................................................................ 5 Tables Table 1. Cultural Resources within 1-mile of the Proposed Project’s APE ............................... 9 Table 2. Previous Studies Conducted within 1-mile of the Proposed Project’s APE ................12 Attachments A SCIC Record Search Results B NAHC and Tribal Communications C Tribal Fieldwork Summary D Resumes Confidential Attachments – Not for Public View E. Confidential – DPR Forms F. Confidential – Communications with Dr. Madeline Hinkes and Clint Linton Ms. Summer Adleberg City of San Diego PUD June 14, 2016 Page 3 of 17 I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION The following report details the survey results for the cultural resources survey conducted for the Lake Hodges Water Quality and Quagga Mitigation Measure Project (proposed project) in the City of San Diego, California, and follows the report format specified in the City of San Diego Historical Resources Guidelines. Project Description The proposed project will install a Speece cone hypolimnetic oxygenation system (HOS) in order to meet water quality objectives for pH, manganese, turbidity, nitrogen and phosphorous. Components of this project include constructing a concrete masonry unit onshore building, installation of a 600-ampere main electrical service, three ESA oxygen generation units, installation of a programmable logic controller, installation of a skid-mounted Speece cone with a rock or concrete base measuring approximately 10 feet x 20 feet x 3 feet on the lake bottom, and a power cable and oxygenation pipeline connecting the shoreline facilities to the Speece cone and pump. Grading, trenching and vegetation removal, as needed, will be part of the activities during the project. Project Location The proposed project is located at one of two potential locations: the RK (Reservoir Keeper) Residence and the VSA site at Lake Hodges Dam. At the RK Residence, the Area of Potential Effects (APE) includes the residence driveway, building and building pad, and the land between the building pad and the reservoir. At the VSA site, the APE includes two areas adjacent to the dam. The proposed project area consists of an area 0.6 miles northeast of the Lake Hodges Dam on Lake Drive on City of San Diego Property (APN 7601701300) (Figure 1). It consists of two areas measuring approximately 1.5 acres combined (Figure 2). The proposed project area is located off Lake Drive and is accessible by an existing 10-foot wide unpaved access road. The property itself is a part of the Public Utilities Department and is accessible through a locked gate system not accessible to the public, although numerous trails in and around the project area are used recreationally. The project APE can be found in Township 13 South, Range 2 West, Section 18 of the 1996 Escondido and Rancho Santa Fe USGS 7.5-minute topographical quadrangles (United States Geological Survey 1996 and 1996a, respectively). II. SETTING Natural Setting Geologically, the project APE is found within Mesozoic undivided metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks (MzU) (Kennedy et al. 2007). The climate is classified as Mediterranean (Pryde 2014). The average January minimum temperature is 43°F while maximum temperature in August averages 89°F with rainfall averaging almost 15 inches per year (usclimatedata.com 2015). Orange Riverside San Diego San Diego County Project Location San Diego Project Area 0 0.75 1.5 3 ° Miles FIGURE 1 General Location Map 100044728 Lake Hodges Quagga \\sdofs01\data\Restricted\Archeology\100044728 TO 16 Lake Hodges Quagga Support\GIS\mxd\Fig1_GeneralLocation.mxd RK Residence !( ISO-01 !( ISO-02 ISO-03 !(!( !( Isolates Area of Potential Effects Extended Area of Potential Effects 1 inch = 175 feet 0 45 90 180 ° Feet Source: ESRI, 2015 FIGURE 2 Local Vicintiy Aerial Map 100044728 Lake Hodges Quagga C:\Users\BELA7036\Documents\Maps\Working From Home\Lake Hodges\Fig2_VicinityAerial.mxd Ms. Summer Adleberg City of San Diego PUD June 14, 2016 Page 6 of 17 The predominant natural vegetation community of the region is chaparral, although perhaps mixed with coastal sage scrub (Pryde 2014). Typical plant species for this community include laurel sumac (Rhus laurina), black sage (Salvia mellifera), manzanita (Arctostaphylos spp.), oak (Quercus spp.), chamise (Adenostoma fasciculatum), and California lilac (Ceanothus sp.), along with various grasses and legumes. Riparian species are associated with drainages. Mammals, birds, and reptiles within these communities provided potential food sources to prehistoric inhabitants. Much of the natural vegetation in nearby low-lying areas has been displaced by modern land uses for grazing and orchards. However, the steep mountain slopes harbor relatively intact, dense chaparral and oak communities. III. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW Occupation in the San Diego region can be firmly attributed to over 7,000 years Before Present (B.P.) by radiocarbon dating, although there are some who suggest occupations beyond 10,000 years ago (Moratto 1984). However, there has been much debate in past years over how to synthesize a regional chronology. Using Malcolm Rogers’ chronology along the coast (Moratto 1984; Rogers 1939, 1945), the La Jolla I Complex can be characterized by flexed burials and “crude” scrapers. The La Jolla II Complex adds multiple projectile point types, formal cemeteries, and discoidal groundstone. The La Jolla III Complex is influenced by the eastern Yuman culture at around 4,000 B.P. After this point, an increase in terrestrial resources, especially acorn, is introduced and cremations firmly replace inhumations before 1,500 B.P. (Moratto 1984). The people whom the Spanish first encountered in this area are known as the Kumeyaay. Their territory extended from the Pacific Ocean in the west, to the San Luis River/San Felipe Creek/Salton Sea to the north, almost to the Colorado River to the east, to approximately 30 miles south of Ensenada in Baja California, Mexico. Their language is in the Yuman language family of Hokan stock, and the two dialects are Ipai and Tipai (Luomala 1978). Within Kumeyaay territory, bands comprised of approximately five to 15 autonomous kinship groups controlled portions of land measuring between 10 and 30-miles in length. These areas were located within drainage systems extending from the coast to the desert via the foothills and mountains (Shipek 1982). This allowed the groups to have access to resources from multiple ecological zones throughout the year. Thus, Kumeyaay subsistence patterns included fishing and hunting, as well as desert irrigation farming along the Colorado River and its tributaries. Wild plants and seeds were also harvested, including agave, yucca, manzanita,