E2747 Public Disclosure Authorized REPUBLIC OF MALAWI MINISTRY OF IRRIGATION AND WATER DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL WATER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (NWDP) Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT Public Disclosure Authorized FRAMEWORK Public Disclosure Authorized Revised March 2011 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Environmental and Social Management Framework has been prepared with the support and consultations of many people to whom the Ministry of Irrigation and Water Development is very grateful. The people consulted include workers and communities in the proposed programme districts, cities and towns of Mzimba, Mzuzu, Kasungu, Lilongwe, Mangochi, Liwonde, Zomba and Blantyre. District officials including District Commissioners, members of District Executive Committees and Town and Country Planning Committees, Environmental District Officers, Chiefs and the general public provided valuable input to this study. In addition, a number of senior officers in the Ministry of Irrigation and Water Development, the Environmental Affairs Department, the Energy Department, the Forestry Department, and other stakeholder ministries of Local Government and Rural Development, and Transport and Pubic Works ministry, provided considerable administrative and logistical support during the assignment which deserve sincere acknowledgement for the support. National Water Development Programme March 2011 i TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE FRAMEWORK......................................................................... IV PREFACE ................................................................................................................................................V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... VI CHAPTER ONE: PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVES OF THE ESMF.........................................1 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE WATER SECTOR IN MALAWI .................................................................1 1.2 SECOND NATIONAL WATER DEVELOPMENT PROJECT................................................................................2 1.2.1 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE ...................................................................................................2 1.2.2 PROGRAMME AND PROJECT COMPONENTS............................................................................................2 1.2.3 PROGRAMME COORDINATION AND IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................................10 1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE ESMF........................................................................................................10 1.4 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE ESMF.................................................................................................11 1.5 POTENTIAL USERS OF THE ESMF .............................................................................................11 1.6 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY TO THE PREPARATION OF THE ESMF...............................11 1.7 ORGANIZATION OF THE ESMF..................................................................................................12 CHAPTER TWO: BIOPHYSICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING .....................................................14 2.1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................14 2.2 MZIMBA AND MZUZU CITY ..........................................................................................................14 2.2.1 MZIMBA.........................................................................................................................................14 2.2.1 MZUZU CITY ..................................................................................................................................16 2.3 KASUNGU TOWN .........................................................................................................................16 2.4 LILONGWE....................................................................................................................................18 2.5 MANGOCHI ..................................................................................................................................19 2.6 ZOMBA .........................................................................................................................................19 2.7 BLANTYRE DISTRICT ..................................................................................................................21 2.8 THE LIWONDE BARRAGE ...........................................................................................................23 CHAPTER THREE: RELEVANT LEGISLATION AND THE WORLD BANK POLICIES ..............................24 3.1 MALAWI LEGISLATION RELEVANT TO NWDP IMPLEMENTATION ........................................24 3.2 RELEVANT WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES COMPARED WITH THE NATIONAL LEGISLATION .......................................................................................................................................27 3.3 GAPS BETWEEN WORLD BANK POLICIES AND THE NATIONAL LEGISLATION.......................30 CHAPTER FOUR: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS .............................................................31 4.1 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT PHASES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ..........................31 4.2 SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS............................................................34 CHAPTER FIVE: THE SCREENING PROCESS FOR PROJECT SITES AND ACTIVITIES........................36 5.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE SCREENING PROCESS .........................................................................36 5.2 STEP 1: SCREENING OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES AND SITES........................................................36 National Water Development Programme March 2011 ii 5.2.1 SCREENING OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES AND SITES WITHIN THE DISTRICT ASSEMBLIES...................................37 5.2.2 SCREENING OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES AND SITES WITHIN CITY OR TOWN ASSEMBLIES.................................37 5.3 STEP 2: ASSIGNING THE APPROPRIATE ENVIRONMENTAL CATEGORIES...............................37 5.4 STEP 3: CARRYING OUT ENVIRONMENTAL WORK...................................................................38 5.5 STEP 4: REVIEW AND APPROVAL OF THE SCREENING ACTIVITIES & EIAS .........................39 5.6 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE...............................................................................40 CHAPTER SIX: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLANS.......................................45 6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...................................................................................45 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING................................................................................................57 6.2.1 REHABILITATION OF EXISTING AND CONSTRUCTION OF NEW STRUCTURES AND OTHER PROJECT ACTIVITIES.57 6.3 MONITORING INDICATORS.........................................................................................................57 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES FOR THE CONTRACTOR .........................................................59 CHAPTER SEVEN: IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE ESMF.............................................60 7.1 DEFINITION OF ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES .......................................................................60 CHAPTER EIGHT: CAPACITY BUILDING AND TRAINING.....................................................................62 8.1 PARTICIPANTS FOR CAPACITY BUILDING AND TRAINING .......................................................62 8.2 PROPOSED AREAS OF TRAINING................................................................................................62 CHAPTER NINE: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................69 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................70 ANNEX 1(A): ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SCREENING FORM FOR NWDP ....................................................71 ANNEX 1(B): PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLISTS FOR NWDP................................................................78 ANNEX 2: SUMMARY OF THE WORLD BANK’S SAFEGUARD POLICIES. .................................................80 ANNEX 3: THE GENERAL EIA PROCESS IN MALAWI (ADAPTED FROM THE EIA GUIDELINES 1997, EAD) ...............................................................................................................................................................84 ANNEX 4: GENERAL EIA TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR NWDP................................................................85 ANNEX 5: PROCEDURES FOR EIA PREPARATION..................................................................................86 ANNEX 6: ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES FOR CONTRACTORS .........................................................87 ANNEX 7: LIST OF PEOPLE CONSULTED DURING PREPARATION THE ESMF ......................................89 National Water Development Programme March 2011 iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE FRAMEWORK CIDA Canadian International Development Agency DA District Assembly DEA Director of Environmental Affairs DEAP District Environmental Action Plan DEC District Executive Committee DEMM Decentralised Environmental Management Manual DESC District Environmental Subcommittee DPD Director of Planning and Development EAD Environmental Affairs Department