Yearbook_2008_Engl.qxd 14.06.2009 23:26 Page 1 FOREIGN POLICY OF UKRAINE 2008 STRATEGIC ASSESSMENTS, FORECASTS AND PRIORITIES Annual Strategic Review Edited by Professor G.M. Perepelytsia Kyiv Stylos Publishing House 2009 Yearbook_2008_Engl.qxd 14.06.2009 23:26 Page 2 Published with support of the International Foundation «European Development» and the General Directorate of Kyiv City Council for Servicing Foreign Representative Offices Assessments presented in this Annual Strategic Review are those of the authors and reflect exclusively authors’ opinion on the events of international life and foreign policy of Ukraine. The group of authors certifies the gratitude to the political department and other departments of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Ukraine for the given information materials. Foreign policy of Ukraine – 2008: Strategic Assessments, Forecasts and Priorities / Edited by G.M. Perepelytsia. – Кyiv: Stylos Publishing House, 2009. – 312 p. ISBN 9789661930185 The Annual Strategic Review of the Foreign Policy Research Institute does not represent the official position of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine (MFAU), although it has been written on the basis of MFAU information mate rials. The goal of this publication is to provide comprehensive analysis of Ukraine’s foreign policy, describe key trends inherent to Ukrainian foreign pol icy over the last year and forecast options for their further development, as well as spell out the priority areas for the implementation of the foreignpolicy course of Ukraine. This Annual Strategic Review is aimed at encouraging politicians and the scientific community of Ukraine to engage into discussion and seek the ways to resolve foreign policy problems and refine foreignpolicy course of Ukraine The Annual Strategic Review is intended for a wide range of Ukrainian and foreign experts, scientists, Ukrainian diplomats and Embassies, as well as for eign diplomatic missions and representative offices in Ukraine and readers interested in foreign policy issues and international relations. Printed by PC «Foliant», Kyiv © Foreing Policy Research Institute, 2009 © Stylos Publishing House, 2009 ISBN 9789661930185 Yearbook_2008_Engl.qxd 14.06.2009 23:26 Page 3 Table of contents Preface..................................................................5 B.I. Gumenyuk Foreword ..............................................................9 P.O. Kryvonos Chapter I. National and international context of Ukraine’s Foreign Policy ..............................11 § 1. Structural imperatives of foreign policy of Ukraine ......................................................13 V.A. Mangola § 2. Ukraine in a global world ....................................23 B.I. Humeniuk § 3. Trends of Ukraine’s Foreign Policy in 2008 ............43 O.V. Potyekhin, I.Y. Todorov §4. Ukraine in international economic cooperation........67 V.M. Movchan Chapter II. Security dimension of Ukraine’s Foreign Policy ..............................................95 § 1. Ukraine and new challenges of security..................97 G.M. Perepelytsia § 2. Energy security of Ukraine: running on the spot ......127 M.M. Gonchar § 3. Dialogue with NATO: what is in store after Bucharest summit? ..................................135 О.А. Paliy § 4. Ukraine in the international arms control regimes ........................................147 O.M. Nikonenko Yearbook_2008_Engl.qxd 14.06.2009 23:26 Page 4 Chapter III. Eurointegration course of Ukraine ..........163 § 1. European integration process and Ukraine............165 О.І. Shumylo § 2. State of economic relations UkraineEU in 2008 ....179 V.M. Movchan Chapter IV. Ukraine in bilateral international relations ....201 § 1. UkrainianRussian relations in the format of «Big Treaty» ..............................................203 G.M. Perepelytsia § 2. Bilateral relations of Ukraine with the leading European states ..............................................259 V.A. Mangola § 3. Ukraine’s relations with the United States of America and Canada......................................277 § 4. Ukraine’s relations with countries of Middle East, Asia, Africa, Latin America, and AsiaPacific region ....................................283 Afterword............................................................305 Annex. List of Multilateral International Documents signed by Ukraine in 2008 ........309 Information about authors ......................................311 Yearbook_2008_Engl.qxd 14.06.2009 23:26 Page 5 Preface The Annual Strategic Review «Foreign Policy of Ukraine – 2008: Strategic Assessments, Forecasts and Priorities» initiated by the Foreign Policy Research Institute of the Diplomatic Academy of Ukraine under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, is aimed, primarily, at the domestic diplomatic corps, embassies of Ukraine abroad and embassies of foreign countries in Ukraine, as well as at international organizations and policy centers. Publication of the Annual Strategic Review «Foreign Policy of Ukraine: Strategic Assessments, Forecasts and Priorities» has already become traditional. It attracts great attention both of Ukrainian experts, diplomats, politicians and the broad interna tional community – everyone who is keen to know more about the present and the future prospects of Ukraine’s foreign policy. However, the present publication is different from the previous issues insofar as it also includes an indepth analysis of the unusu al international events and complex internal processes in the country that were taking place in 2008. The year 2008 became the next stage for Ukraine to position itself in the system of global international coordinates that define the place, role and influence of each country in the international community. Integration of Ukraine into this system of coordi nates of international relations is a complicated and contradictory process. The year 2008 was full of important and, sometimes, tragic events. However, it also brought certain achievements for Ukraine. Ukraine, due to its geographical location, developed trans portation system and energy infrastructure, plays an important role in international energy cooperation. In particular, Ukraine is Yearbook_2008_Engl.qxd 14.06.2009 23:26 Page 6 6 Foreign policy of Ukraine – 2008 an important link in providing the European consumer market with fuel and energy resources. In this context Ukraine takes all required measures aimed at integration into the European Energy Community. Negotiation process on Ukraine’s joining the Agreement on Creation of the Energy Community has been intensified. In particular, in 2008 three technical meetings were held (including the meetings within the framework of the Council of Ministers of the Energy Community) dedicated to Ukraine’s application on joining the Agreement on Creation of the Energy Community. The year 2008 was remarkable for Ukraine’s accession to the World Trade Organization. After Ukraine’s accession to the WTO (already having the status of WTO Member State) Ukraine began to hold consultations and negotiations with the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) regarding the conclusion of a Free Trade Agreement. Ukraine’s cooperation with international financial struc tures, in particular with the International Monetary Fund was quite successful. It was directed to acceleration of the processes of reforming the Ukrainian economy, encouraging the entrepreneur ial activity, introduction of new technologies into production. For the purpose of overcoming the negative influence of the world financial crisis upon financial and real sectors of Ukrainian econ omy the negotiations were carried on with the IMF Resident Representative Office in October – November 2008 on attraction of financial resources for stabilization of the situation at the Ukrainian financial market. In 2008 Ukraine finished its presidency of such an influential regional economic institution as an Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). The period of Ukrainian halfyear presidency of the BSEC was an eventful one. These events were directed to realization of statutory tasks and reinforcement of the level of regional and international cooperation in economy and trade, banking sector, energy, transport, environmental protec tion, humanitarian and other sectors. The important tasks of Ukraine’s foreign policy in 2008 were defined the wide international recognition of the tragedy of Holodomor in 1932–1933 and formation of the country’s positive international image. The President’s initiative on conducting of international campaign for recognition of Holodomor the geno Yearbook_2008_Engl.qxd 14.06.2009 23:26 Page 7 Preface 7 cide of Ukrainian people carried out first of all by the diplomatic service was evaluated quite positively in general. As for the bilateral level, relations with Poland and the USA were the most successful ones. Relations between Ukraine and the USA were the model ones in the context of mutually beneficial, practical and multilevel cooperation. Their determinative compo nent was a political dialogue which was the most active in 2008 over the whole history of bilateral relations. The President George Bush visited Ukraine with a state visit, and the President of Ukraine Victor Yushchenko visited the United States of America with work ing visits twice. In the frames of the visit of the President of the USA the «road map» of bilateral cooperation priorities was signed in which the strategic format of relations was confirmed, the direc tions of cooperation were