j, l'lllf'i'l!1"'1'";' ··~·'11 j'lf .. '.f I.--~'fi "~·' I .~. • ~~j PLEASE BRING THIS DRAFT ' TO THE ANNUAL MEETING ,.._. ......"""" N' The American Law Institute ~ A MODEL CODE OF PRE-ARRAIGNMENT PROCEDURE Rubmitted by the Council to the 1\Iembers of The American Law Institute for Discussion at the Fifty-second Annual Meeting on May 20, 21, 22, and 23, 1975 Library Supreme Court of the United States 1:· r::: Proposed Official Draft 0 ·' -, ,- 1 ~(';' c:- ~ ) ,. r-· ' I '-1 .. plete I Com~ Text and Conzmentary ·-15 . ..: olio ( Received: ( April 15, 1975 t ' t The Executive Office ). THE AMERICAN LAW INSTITUTE I 4025 Chestnut Stred, Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 l © 1975 By The American Law Institute ( , l ~ f· ,i. THE AMERICAN LAW INSTITUTE f I• t Norris Darrell, President {"' R. Ammi Cutter, l.st Vice-President i Bernard G. Segal, 2nd Vice-President Laurens ViTilliams, Treasurer Herbert \Vecbsler, Director Paul A. V.'olkin, Assistant Director .. l COUNCIL Francis A. Allen Ann Arbor Michigan .l<'rcrkrirk A. Ballard Washington District of Columbia William J. Jameson Billings Montana F. J.l. Bircl Atlanta Georgia ! Joseph F. Jolmston Birmingham Alabama. Bennt·l t. lloskcy Washington District of Columbia Edward Hirsch Levi Washington District of Columbia Hobert Braucher Boston Massachusetts William B. Lockhart Minneapolis Minnesota Charks D. Breitel New York New York William L. Marbury Baltimore .Maryland John G. Buchanan Pittsburgh Pennsylvania Hale McCown Lincoln Nebraska William T. Coleman, Jr. Washington District of Columbia W a.de H. McCree, Jr. Detroit Michigan Lloyrl K Cutler Washington District of Columbia Carl McGowan W aslrington District of Columbia H. Ammi Cutter Cambridge 1\1 assach usetts Vincent L. MeKusick Portland Maine ;\loni" Darrell New York New York f Charles Merton Merrill San Francisco California Hon~ut E. Degnan Herkeley ('a lifornia Roswell B. Perkins New York New York Hardy C. Dillnrd The Hague The Netherlands H . Chapman Rose Cleveland Ohio Arthur Dixon Lake Forest lllinois Ernest J. Sargeant Boston Massachusetts II. Vernon Eney Baltimore Maryland t Walter V. Schaefer Chicago []Jinois William H. ErickRon Denver Colorado t Austin W. Scott Cambridge M assa.chusetts Thomas E. Fairchild Chicago Illinois Bernard G. Segal Philadelphia Pennsyh-ania J efl'erson B. Fordham Salt Lake City Utah Eugene Bonn Strassburger Pittsburgh Pennsylvania .John P. Fr~nk Phoeni.x Arizona r Roger J. Traynor Cambridge England Paul A. Freund Cambridge Massachusetts • Lawrence E. Walsh New York New York Henry J. Friendly New York New York l Charles Hastings Willard Guilford Connecticut Edward T. Gignoux Portland Maine Lauren~ Williams Washington District of Columbia Erwin N. Gris"·old Washington District of Columbia ( James H. \Vilson, Jr. Atlanta Georgia Clement F. Haynsworth, .Jr. Greenville South Carolina ., John Minor Wisdom New Orleans Louisiana Shirley M. Hufsterller Los Angeles California ( Frank M. W ozencraft HouRton Texas Vester T. Hughes, Jr. Dallas Texas Char les Alan Wright Austin Texas Laurance Mastick Hyde J cfferson City Missouri I Charles E. Wyzanski, Jr. Boston Massachusetts 11 ill ... A Model Code of Pre-Arraignment Procedure \.., CHIEF REPORTER ARNOLD N. ENKER [To December, 1968) .JAMES VORENBERG, Harvard University Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts ARTHUR J. FREUND, St. Louis, Missouri HENRY J. FRIENDLY, Senior Circuit Judge (former Chief Judge), United REPORTERS States Court of Appeals, for the Second Circuit, New York, New York STANLEY H. FULD, former Chief Judge, New York Conrt of Appeals, New PAUL M. BATOR, Harvard University Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts [Tentative Draft No. 1 and Study Draft No. 1] York, New York liERM AN GOLDSTEIN, University of \Visconsin Law School, Madison, Wisconsin CHARLES FRIED, Harvard University Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts RICHARD A. GREEN, former Deputy Director, Federal Judicial Center, New TELFORD TAYLOR, Columbia University School of Law, New York, New York [Search and Seizure] York, New York JACK E. HI>RINGTON, Inspector, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Washington, District of Columbia [As of December, 1968 and to February, 1974] ASSOCIATE REPORTERS FRANK S. HoGAN, former District Attorney of New York County, New York, EDWARD L. BARRETT, JR., University of California School of Law, Davis, New York [Deceased 1974] California [Tentative Draft No. 1] YALE KAMISAR, University of Michigan Law School, Ann Arbor, Michigan ARNOLD N. ENKER, Dean, Faculty of Law, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel [Part III-from December 1968 to September, 1969] i JOHN KEENAN, Chief, Homicide Division, District Attorney's Office, County of New York, New York, New York [As of October, 1973] former Chief, Metropolitan Police Department, District of ADVISORY COMMITTEE i .ToRN B. LAYTON, l Columbia, Washington, District of Columbia DAVID C. ACHESON, Washington, District of Columbia [To December, 1968] HOWARD R. LEARY, former Police Commissioner of the City of New York, FRANCIS A. ALLEN, University of Michigan Law School, Ann Arbor, Michigan j New York, New York BOND ALMAND, former Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Georgia, Atlanta, J. EDWARD LUMBARD, Senior Circuit Judge (former Chief Judge), United Georgia States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, New York, New York RICHARD B. AusTIN, District Judge, United States District Court for the THOMAS C. LYNCH, former Attorney General of California, San Francisco, Northern District of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois [To December, 1968] California PAUL M. BATOR [As of December, 1968) DAVID F. MAXWELL, 'Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ARNOLD BAUMAN, former District Judge, United States District Court for the DONALD R. MORRIS, Inspector, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Washington, Southern District of New York, New York, New York District of Columbia [To December, 1968] EDWARD L. BARRETT [As of October, 1973] KEITH MossMAN, County Attorney of Benton County, Vinton, Iowa ROBERT F. BORKENSTEIN, Chairman, Department of Police Administration, MICHAEL J. MURPHY, President, National Automobile Theft Bureau, New Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana York, New York WILLIAM BRYANT, District Judge, United States District Court for the District PATRICK V. MURPHY, President, Police Foundation, Washington, District of of Columbia, Washington, District of Columbia Columbia [As of October, 1973] R. AMMI CUTTER, Associate Justice, Retired, Supreme Judicial Court of EMORY H. NILES, Retired Judge, Supreme Bench of Baltimore, Baltimore, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Massachusetts Maryland RICHARD G. DENZER, Fordham University School of Law and former Counsel, A. KENNETH PYE, Dean, Duke University School of Law, Durham, North State of New York Temporary Commission on Revision of Penal Law, Carolina New York, New York FRANK J . REMINGTON, University of Wisconsin Law School, Madison, Wis­ ROBERT J. DIGRAZIA, Commissioner of Police, Boston, Massachusetts [As of consin October, 1973] GEORGE RossMAN, former Associate Justice, Supreme Court of Oregon, Salem, GEORGE CLIFTON EDWARDS, JR., Circuit Judge, United States Court of Appeals Oregon [Deceased 1967] for the Si.xth Circuit, Detroit, Michigan I WALTER V. ScHAEFER, Justice, Supreme Court of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois H. LYNN EDWARDS, Staff Director, Section of Criminal Law, American Bar " STANLEY R. ScHROTEL, former Police Chief, Department of Safety, Division Association, Washington, District of Columbia of Police, Cincinnati, Ohio IV " v .. li i ' Lours B. SCHWARTZ, University of Pennsylvania School of Law, F OREWORD rer<'nti~­ Director, The National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Lnw~, Philnrlclphia, Pcnusylvania I .fOSEPII SLOANE, Ju!lgc, Court o.f Common Pleas, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [Deceased ] 972 J This snbmissi.on contains the text anc! commentary of ARTHUR E. SUTHERLAND, Harvard University Law School, Cambridge, Massa· A Model Code of Pre-Arraignment Procedure in a Proposed chusctts [Dcceas<'cl 1973 J I Official Draft that it is hoped the Institute will he preparPd TELFORD TAYI>OR [To December, 1966 and as of October, 1973] i to promulgate this year. ROGER J. TRAYNOR, Uninr~ity of California, Hastingu College of Law, San Francisco, former Chief .Tustice, Supreme Court of California, Berkeley, ':J.1he task of formulating a model statui<' governing California I Cambridge, England 1974-75] I police powers and practice in criminal law enforcement and BERNARD WEISBERG, Chicago, Illinois related aspects of pre-trial procedure was assumed by the ~ ED>VARD BENNETT WrLLIAliiS, Washington, District of Columbia Institute in 1963. The enterprise was undertaken in recogni­ .TOHN MINOR WISDOM, Circuit Judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, New Orleans, Louisiana tion of the difficulty and importance of the problems of , authority and of procc'dure calling for con~ideration in thi~ Ex OFFICIO area, 1he developing Supreme Court interpretations of the NORRIS DARRELL, New York, New York constitutional imperatives to be respected and the magnitude President, The American Law Institute of legislative interest in achie,·ing f'O far as possible an HERBERT WECHSLER, Kew York, New York Director, The American Law Institute t acceptable :statutory delineation of the basic norms. These considerations are even more significant today than when RESEARCH ASSISTANTS the work began. i'lUSAN ALLAN TONI LICHTSTEIN The late Professor Arthur E . Sutherland, who had TED AMSDEN THOJIIAS N. LONG MICHAEL A. AUSTIN JEAN A. MORSE collaborated with .Judge Goodrich in proposing the project, PHILIP COE WALTER A. RIESER,