THE INSTITUTE FOR .4DVANCED STUDY (Founded by Louis Bamberqer and Mrs. Felix Fuld) BULLETIN NO. 5 THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY 20 Nassau Street Princeton, New Jersey February, 1936 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Extract from the letter addressed by Trustees .................................. iv the Founders to their Trustees, dated Newark, New Jersey, June 6, 2930 Oficers of the Board of Trustees "It is fundamental in our purpose, and our express desire, and Standing Committees .................. vi that in the appointments to the staff and faculty, as well as ... in the admission of workers and students, no account shall be Staff of the Institute ........................ VIII taken, directly or indirectly, of race, religion, or sex. We feel strongly that the spirit characteristic of America at its noblest, Calendar, 1936-1937 ....................... ix above all, the pursuit of higher learning, cannot admit of any conditions as to )personnel other than those designed to Members, 1935-1936 ........................ x promote the objects for which this institution is established, and particularly with no regard whatever to accidents of I History and Organization 1 race, creed, or sex." ................... I1 Purpose .................................. 5 111 School of Mathematics ...................... 7 IV School of Economics and Politics .............. lo V School of Humanistic Studies ................ 1 I VI Applications and Fees ....................... 1 z LIFE TRUSTEES LOUISBAMBERGER '940 South Orange, New Jersey ABRAHAMFLEXNER MRS.FELIX FULD Princeton, New Jersey South Orange, New Jersey PERCYS. STRAUS New York, New York TRUSTEES Terms Expire 1936 ALEXISCARREL New York, New York JULIUS~R~EDENWALD Baltimore, Maryland LEWISH. WEED Baltimore, Maryland '937 JOHNR. HARDIN Newark, New Jersey SAMUELD. LEIDESDORF New York, New York WALTERW. STEWART New York, New York '938 EDGARS. BAMBEROER West Orange, New Jersey ALANSONB. HOUGHTON Washington, District of Columbia HERBERTH. MAASS New York, New York 1939 FRAKKAYDELOTTE Swarthmore, Pennsylvania FLORENCER. SABIN New York, New York OSWALDVEBLEN Princeton, New Jersey OFFICERS OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES FINANCE COMMITTEE Chairman: ALAN~ONB. HOUGHTON MR. HARDIN,Chairman Vice-Chairman: HERBERTH. Muss MR. EDGARS. BAMBERGER Vice-Chairman: WALTERW. STEWART MR. LOUISBAMBERGER Treasurer: SAMUELD. LEIDESDORF MR. LEIDESDORF Assistant Treasurer: IRAA. SCHUR MR. MAASS Secretary: FRANKAYDELOTTE Assistant Secretary: ESTHERS. BAILEY COMMITTEE ON BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE MR. MAASS,Chairman BOARD OF TRUSTEES MR. AYDELOTTE MR. LOUIS BAMBERGER,MRS. FULD, the Chairman, and MR. LOUISBAMBERGER Vice-Chairmen are members of all committees. MR. VEBLEN THEDIRECTOR OF THE INSTITUTE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MR. WEED,Chairman COMMITTEE ON NOMINATIONS MR. AYDELOTTE MR. LEIDESDORF,Chairman MR. LEIDESDORF MR. AYDELOTTE MISS SABIN MR. STEWART THEDIRECTOR OF THE INSTITUTE STAFF OF THE INSTITUTE Direcfor: AEMHAMFLEXNER Professors JAMES WADDELLALEXANDER ALBERTEINSTEIN CALENDAR MARSTONMORSE OSWALDVEBLEN JOHN VON NEUMANN October I : First term opens HERMANNWEYL December 14: First term closes l'isiting Professor (1935-1936) January 14: Second term opens WOLFGANGPAULI May 1 : Second term closes Associate WALTHERMAYER Assistants LEONARDM. BLUMENTHAL JAMESW. GIVENS.JR. ROBERTS. MARTIN ARTHURE. PITCHER ABRAHAMH. TAUE LEOZIPPIN SCHOOLOF ECONOMICSAND POLITICS Professors *EDWARDMEAD EARLE DAVIDMITRANY WINFIELDW. RIEFLER Professors ERNSTHERZFELD E. A. LOWE BENJAMIN D. MERITT ERWINPANOFSKY LAWRENCEM. GRAVES,Ph.D., University of Chicago, 1924 Associate Professor, University of Chicago *WILLIAMJ. HENDERSON,Ph.D., University of Cambridge, MEMBERS, 1935-1936 1935 REINHOLDBAER, Ph.D., University of Giittingen, 1925 +JOSEPH O.HIRSCHFELDER,P~.D.,Princeton University, 1936 *AcHlLLE BASSI,Dr. Math., University of Pisa, 1929 BANESHHOFFMANN, Ph.D., Princeton University, 1932 Libero docente, University of Turin SPOFFORDH. KIMBALL,Ph.D., Harvard University, 1932 PAULI. BERNAYS,Ph.D., University of Giittingen, 1912 WIN~STONE. KOCK,Ph.D., University of Berlin, 19% "*WILLARDE. BLEICK,Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University, 1933 NORMANLEVINSON, D.Sc., Massachusetts Institute of Tech- LOUISP. BOUCKAERT,Dr. Math. and Phys., Louvain Uni- nology, 1935 versity, 1934 National Research Council Fellow C.R.B. Educational Foundation Fellow WILLIAMT. MARTIN,Ph.D., University of Illinois, 1934 GREGORYBREIT, Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University, 1921 National Research Council Fellow Professor, University of Wisconsin FRANCISJ. MURRAY,Ph.D., Columbia University, 1935 LEONARDCARLITZ, Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania, 1930 National Research Council Fellow Assistant Professor, Duke University SUMNERB. MYERS,Ph.D., Harvard University, 1932 JOHNF. CARLSON,Ph.D., University of California, 1932 National Research Council Fellow EDUARDCECH, Ph.D., Charles University, Prague, 1920 DANIELPEDOE, B.A., Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1933 Professor, Masaryk University, Brno Cambridge University Fellow EDWARDW. CHITTENDEN,Ph.D.,Uuiversity of Chicago, 1912 MAURICEH. L. PRYCE,B.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, Professor, University of Iowa '933 JAMESA. CLARKSON,Ph.D., Brown University, 1934 Commonwealth Fund Fellow National Research Council Fellow WILLIAMC. RANDELS,Ph.D., Brown University, 19% ALFREDH. CLIFFORD,Ph.D., California Institute of Tech- **LOUISN. RIDENOUR,JR., B.S., University of Chicago, 1932 nology, 1933 MORRIS E. ROSE,Ph.D., University of Michigan, 1935 GEORGECOMENETZ, Ph.D., Columbia University, 1934 NATHANROSEN, Sc.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technol- EDWARDH. CUTLER,Ph.D., Harvard University, 1930 ogy, 1932 Instructor, Lehigh University OTTOF. G. SCHILLING,Ph.D., University of Marburg, 1934 **ARNOLDDRESDEN, Ph.D., University of Chicago, 1909 ROMANSMOLUCHOWSKI, Dr. Math. and Phys., University Professor, Swarthmore College of Groningen, 1935 PHILIP FRANKLIN,Ph.D., Princeton University, 1921 RICHARDF. S. STARR,B.S., Cornell University, 1924 Associate Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Tech- MARTINH. STOBBE,Ph.D., University of Giittingen, 1930 nology ERICD. TAGG,B.A., Clare College, Cambridge, 1933 BENNINGTONP. GILL, Ph.D., Columbia University, 1930 Commonwealth Fund Fellow Associate Professor, College of the City of New York *STANISLAWM. ULAM,Dr. Sci., Polytechnic Institute, Lwbw, **KURT GODEL,Ph.D., University of Vienna, 1930 1933 Venia legendi, University of Vienna GASTONVAN DER LIJN, Dr. Sci. Fhys. and Math., university of Brussels, 1931 ' Absent first term Abarnt rccond arm C.R.B. Educational Foundation Fellow *KURTWEITZMANN, Dr. Phil., University of Berlin, 1929 *DONALDN. WILBER,M.F.A. in Architecture, Princeton Uni- versity, 1933 LEE R. WILCOX,Ph.D., University of Chicago, 1935 SHAUNWYLIE, B.A., University of Oxford, 1934 Commonwealth Fund Fellow HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION AMERICANuniversities now offer abundant facili- ties for study in the liberal arts and sciences leading to the Ph.D. degree. Some universities have made ex- cellent arrangements also for work beyond the Ph.D. degree, especially in recent years since the organiza- tion of advanced fellowships such as the fellowships offered by the National Research Council, the Rocke- feller Foundation, and the Commonwealth Fund. But, with the exception of medicine and a few other branches, the country has not hitherto possessed an institution whose sole purpose it is to provide young men and women of unusual gifts and promise with opportunities to continue their independent training beyond the Ph.D. degree without pressure of num- bers or routine. To provide such opportunities Mr. Louis Bamberger and his sister, Mrs. Felix Fuld, established in 1930 the Institute for Advanced Study with an initial gift of $~,OOO,OOO. In April, 1934, an anonymous gift of $I ,ooo,ooo was made to facilitate the organization of a school of economics and poli- tics, and in 1935 a school of humanistic studies was added. In order that the ideals of the Founders might be realized, the organization and administration of the Institute have been kept simple and unostentatious, and the several schools are in their internal conduct as nearly autonomous as possible, though movement from school to school takes place spontaneously. 2 THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY 3 The internal affairs of the several schools are principle of full-time work, and this is equally ap- managed by their respective faculties. Co6pera- plicable to those who come as members for a year or tion with the corresponding authorities of Princeton more and to those who have continuing appoint- University and with the director has proved to be ments. easy and informal. The Board of Trustees is com- The Institute for Advanced Study is located at posed of laymen, scholars, and scientists. It is hoped Princeton, New Jersey. Work began in the field of that in this way perfect accord may be established mathematics on October 2, 1933. The authorities of between the administrative officers and the scholars Princeton University have been most helpful and co- who really constitute an institution of learning. The operative. They offered the Institute space in the new scale of salaries and retiring allowances is such that mathematics building, Fine Hall, opened in 1931. the teaching staff is freed from all financial concern The School of Humanistic Studies and the School of and feels under the strongest obligation to refrain Economics and Politics have been comfortably ac- from activities that bring a financial return without commodated in