EARTH SYSTEM GOVERNANCE SCIENCE AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN New Directions Initiative FULL DRAFT – FORMATTED FOR REVIEW BY THE EARTH SYSTEM GOVERNANCE LEAD FACULTY, SENIOR RESEARCH FELLOWS, AND RESEARCH FELLOWS ‐‐‐ NOT FOR PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION ‐‐‐ Version of June 1, 2018 Coordinating Lead Authors: Sarah Burch, Aarti Gupta, Cristina Yumie Aoki Inoue, Agni Kalfagianni, Åsa Persson Lead Authors: Andrea K. Gerlak, Atsushi Ishii, James Patterson, Jonathan Pickering, Michelle Scobie, Jeroen van der Heijden, Joost Vervoort Contributing Authors: Carolina Adler, Michael John Bloomfield, Riyanti Djalante, John S Dryzek, Victor Galaz, Christopher Gordon, Renée Harmon, Sikina Jinnah, Rakhyun E. Kim, Lennart Olsson, Judith van Leeuwen, Vasna Ramasar, Paul Wapner, Ruben Zondervan Table of Contents List of Figures ...................................................................................................................................... 4 List of Boxes ........................................................................................................................................ 4 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Background and Process ............................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Relevance and Urgency ................................................................................................................. 7 Key Points ...................................................................................................................................... 12 1.3 Structure of the Plan ................................................................................................................... 12 2. A New Earth System Governance Research Framework .................................................................. 14 3. Contextual Conditions ....................................................................................................................... 17 3.1. Transformations ......................................................................................................................... 17 3.1.1. Conceptualizing Transformations ....................................................................................... 18 3.1.2. Governance and Transformations ...................................................................................... 19 2.1.3. Conclusions ......................................................................................................................... 21 Key Points ...................................................................................................................................... 21 3.2 Inequality .................................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.1 Conceptualizing Inequality ................................................................................................... 22 3.2.2 Inequality and Governance .................................................................................................. 24 3.2.3 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 24 Key Points ...................................................................................................................................... 25 3.3 Anthropocene ............................................................................................................................. 25 3.3.1 Conceptualizing the Anthropocene ..................................................................................... 26 3.3.2 Governance and the Anthropocene .................................................................................... 27 3.3.3 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 28 Key Points ...................................................................................................................................... 29 3.4 Diversity ...................................................................................................................................... 29 3.4.1 Conceptualizing Diversity ..................................................................................................... 30 3.4.2 Diversity and Governance .................................................................................................... 31 3.4.3 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 33 Key Points ...................................................................................................................................... 33 4. Research Lenses ................................................................................................................................ 34 4.1 Architecture and Agency ............................................................................................................. 34 4.1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 34 4.1.2 Architecture ......................................................................................................................... 34 2 4.1.3 Agency .................................................................................................................................. 36 4.1.5. Linkages with Contextual Conditions .................................................................................. 38 4.1.6. Research Questions ............................................................................................................ 39 4.2 Democracy and Power ................................................................................................................ 40 4.2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 40 4.2.2 Democracy ........................................................................................................................... 40 4.2.3 Power ................................................................................................................................... 42 4.2.4 Interplay between Democracy and Power .......................................................................... 45 4.3.5 Linkages with Contextual Conditions ................................................................................... 45 4.2.6 Research Questions ............................................................................................................. 46 4.3 Justice and Allocation ................................................................................................................. 47 4.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 47 4.3.2. Justice .................................................................................................................................. 47 4.3.3. Allocation ............................................................................................................................ 48 4.3.4 Interplay between Justice and Allocation ............................................................................ 50 4.3.5 Linkages with Contextual Conditions ................................................................................... 51 4.3.6. Research Questions ............................................................................................................ 52 4.4 Anticipation and Imagination ...................................................................................................... 53 4.4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 53 4.4.2 Anticipation .......................................................................................................................... 53 4.4.3 Imagination .......................................................................................................................... 55 4.4.4. Interplay between Anticipation and Imagination ............................................................... 57 4.4.5 Linkages with Contextual Conditions ................................................................................... 57 4.4.6. Research Questions ............................................................................................................ 59 4.5 Adaptiveness and Reflexivity ...................................................................................................... 59 4.5.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 59 4.5.2. Adaptiveness ....................................................................................................................... 60 4.5.3. Reflexivity ............................................................................................................................ 62 4.5.4 Interplay between Adaptiveness and Reflexivity ................................................................. 63 4.5.5 Linkages with Contextual Conditions ..................................................................................