DESCRIPTION AND EVALUATION OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION PROGRAM IN MADAGASCAR by Gina Angiolillo, Sanjyot Sangodkar, Niki West, Noelle Wyman Advisor: Dr. Pamela George May 2012 Masters project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Environmental Management degree in the Nicholas School of the Environment of Duke University 2012 i Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 I. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 2 II. Literature Review ................................................................................................................................... 3 Background: Definitions and Case Studies ........................................................................................... 4 History and Guidelines .......................................................................................................................... 7 Best Practices ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Models and Strategies ......................................................................................................................... 11 Peace Corps Materials ........................................................................................................................ 13 Education for Sustainable Development ............................................................................................. 14 Efficacy and Measures of Successes and Challenges .......................................................................... 16 Evaluation ........................................................................................................................................... 17 III. Materials and Methods ...................................................................................................................... 21 Positionality ......................................................................................................................................... 22 Research Challenges ........................................................................................................................... 22 Research Questions ............................................................................................................................ 23 Conceptual Framework ...................................................................................................................... 23 Surveys of Participating Trainees ...................................................................................................... 25 Interviews ............................................................................................................................................ 26 Interviews with Organization Staff ................................................................................................ 26 Interviews with MFG Administrators ........................................................................................... 26 Cultural Context Interview ............................................................................................................ 27 Content Analysis of Program Materials and Records ......................................................................... 27 Data Analysis Methodology ............................................................................................................... 28 Coding Reliability .......................................................................................................................... 28 Quantitative Data Analysis ............................................................................................................ 29 ii IV. Results and Observations ................................................................................................................... 29 Survey Analysis .................................................................................................................................. 29 Qualitative Survey Data ................................................................................................................. 30 Reported Successes ................................................................................................................. 30 Reported Challenges ............................................................................................................... 31 Additional Themes .................................................................................................................. 31 Quantitative Survey Data ............................................................................................................... 33 Table 1. Summary Statistics By Region ........................................................................... 34 Table 2. Summary of Likert Scale Responses .................................................................. 35 Figure 1. Ratings and Total Average Scores .................................................................... 36 Interview Analysis .............................................................................................................................. 37 Four Pillars ..................................................................................................................................... 37 Capacity Building ................................................................................................................... 38 Scientific Research .................................................................................................................. 38 Conservation Action ............................................................................................................... 38 Education ................................................................................................................................ 39 Major Environmental Programs .................................................................................................... 39 Camp ....................................................................................................................................... 39 Bitsik’Ivoloina Newsletter ...................................................................................................... 39 Environment Club ................................................................................................................... 40 Farmers Training ..................................................................................................................... 40 Saturday School ...................................................................................................................... 40 Chef ZAP Trainings ................................................................................................................ 41 Strategies and Methodologies ......................................................................................................... 42 Curriculum Evaluation ................................................................................................................... 43 Conformity to Objectives ........................................................................................................ 44 Compliance with Standards .................................................................................................... 45 Scope and Sequence ................................................................................................................ 46 Table 3. Summary of Curriculum Topics ......................................................................... 46 Appropriateness for Learners .................................................................................................. 47 Appeal ..................................................................................................................................... 47 Monitoring and Evaluation ............................................................................................................. 48 Sample Responses from MFG Survey ........................................................................................... 49 iii Table 4. Summary of Likert Scale Responses .................................................................. 50 Table 5. Summary of Written Responses ......................................................................... 51 Local Context ................................................................................................................................. 52 Observed Need ............................................................................................................................... 53 Buy-in and Support ........................................................................................................................ 53 Capacity Building ........................................................................................................................... 53 Current State of Affairs .................................................................................................................. 55 Partnerships and Monitoring .......................................................................................................... 56 Partnerships with Chef ZAPs