DOCUMENT 1IESIJ ED 1133 460 08 Ci 008 790 TI7LE liomen in Non-TraclitTonal OcOupations:-A Pibliography. INSTITUTION Koba Associates, Washington, D.C. SPONS AGENCY' Bureall of Occupa and-t.dult E'uca,t_ EW WazJhiligton, 1 PUD DATE Sep 76 GRANT NO7E 194p.' _'EDRS:PRIC7E ME7-$0.83 HC-$10.03 1,1us.Postag DESCRIPTORS !f.fir'mative Action; *Arinotated Diblioqxaplies; Careeu ., Chof_ce; *Career Opportunities.; YerEmployMent prportunities; T]mOloyMent Quaiications;.Employment -Trends:. Females; Labor Force; *Professional OcnTations; Resourck: Guides; Sex DiscTiminat on';. Sf7x F:ole; Sex ':',ibr-eotypeo; *Sliiid Occupations; *Working , v women_ ABSTRACT'. This bibliograthy w develope__ in.formatt<In abOutk ubl:,,c-ations. which focus on vomencs employment in nont'radit5:opall intended to Sefve, sych people as , vooationaa:educatio.n administratorS, edhCation resqarc1iers4 counse1oDs, t._Qac117.s,-titnd studpnts considering bcCupotion41 choiceS. TheAliterature described is availatae.natiouwide-"and includes magazine-arafd 1ournal,'artie4es, hobksi,Tdissertations, Tamph3,et.s, 'brochures, mmi govermient-docuaelnts Entries-cover three subject categories: 4imen in Non-Traditional Occupations containS aaneral informatihn-about sex-role stereotyping, omen in :the worR Torc, e mploymenategories.whlch-are non-traditional; Wqmen in Non-Traditional Skilled/Vocational Occupations containsmaterial on n on-tradition4-1_occupations which do not regui.re a baccalaureate. degree;;" Women ih Noll-Traditional:Professional Occupations includes those occupartionS which require, at minimum, a baccalaureate degree. Listed alpha_betacally by title, each entry includes thp author(s) or editor, source of publication, publisrher or name of iournal,'date,' number of pages, cost (whPre applicahle) (2_.nd an annotation. &ppended materials provide names and addreSSes of source's for material resources for addit,ionaL, infOrmation; and author,Aitor, title,and subiect%occumation imlev (TA) ***=M:**=-4 -** Documint acquired by ERIC include many in ormal umpublished *- * matri,a_LS not available from other sources. ERIC makes every eftort * to obtain the beFlt copy atailaVL. Navrthles, items of marginal reproducibility are often enountered and this affets the quality * of,the microfich,D anhi hardoopprductions EI makes available * --a the 7RIC Document 'epreductior Service .(EDRS). TDRS is not * re,ponsible for the quality 7)E 'the oep]inal docuzent--Roproduct ons supplied by 1DRS are the best that can be lade fiom the 'oriqiza ; *!-t!'f v**4********-;*** WOM EM IN MON-TRADMONALOCCUPATION A Ell BLI OdRAPH Septonber, 19 7.)r, PANrYlki lp:tflpr4 N. t ryi INTI19T t T is;+,4 h c Aft clu wjs performed put suant te cf.contraft w.._th the Of lice- oi ueu tatheralfh, EdtiGs.itioh and: Welfare.Contractors under- Governkit,t spolsorship ilreCI1COLIragQdto.express freely th01:. or at sc onalpA:ent, in the conduct of the pro_.'.ext.Points of view or opinions --itc1VNT co cict. thece fare neessartly reprse nt pff iclal Of t ice of Educ.-at ion position or )0!icy . .!) fiepiArtiera ofi-Ic al Of , 1-4ion aLd We..lare fiCe of Education, Rtireau ot ipation,A1 and Adulq Education, Washington, D,C. 20202, FOR EV/0Rn ,. , , i 1 '.., The issue of sex-role steruo typing has become4 major coneerci in career prepar- ation and employment fur wOrn011. Overcoffing iocial, cultural,and; historical barriers whk-.,:h prevent or reta\d,..(eivity for,-women, though 'formidable, isnot ari impossible task. Break through_siti---6 oceurring in many differen t occupationsl.and, examples of VOitipl's stiCCessful ,access to employment traditionally'I ill ed predominantly by men are nuineroti-.The' Bureau of Occdpational and Adult EducatliOnhas developed this bibliography under contract for the expresSpurpose of disseininAing informatiOn about publiiRaions which foalson women's employment in non-traditional fields, ft is,hopedthat this prodiZt Will SQrve many people, suchas Vocational education 'adrninestrators planning progri-ains forwomen entering non-traditional \fields; vocational educat\ on researctiers setting research prioritiesand .-._-onducting research; and counsel- ors, techers, and students considering occupational choices.Rs the entries illustrate, ,,incre has been little written on women in the skilled--trades, espedally wiim) compared with .th(': abundance of litezatureon women in the'professickis.This docurnent should serve as a call foe mere research' and writingpn the increasing number of women e ntering Ixaditionally male-dornirated skilled occupations. d of appreciation shouldgo to those people who are responsible for the completion this bibliography, The initial ine6pLon of the product byLeRoy Cornelsen,\ Director of Planning, and the contract monitoringby Deborah Ashlerd, Advisor OH \Wornon's Issues, have, resulted in this timely'publication. Special acknow- 'ledgment k given 'to the responsiyeness of thecontractor and the expertise of the research team. \ it is anticipatled that this research and planning tool will bethe first..of other documents oh thrs Subject spOnso'red by the Bureau olOccupationl an&Adult :Educa, ...., Dr. Cbudes' H. Buzze Acting :Deputy Commissioner for Occtipa--t-ional and Adult Education Preface CDCOf the goals of filo Mireau o crupatiomil and Adult/Educa tion/U.S. Office of Education is to provide inf ormation to vocational education program directors, edu- ca tors and planners to promote the training of girls and voinei in job areas which are male-dorninated.In conjunction with this goal, the Icureail contracted with Koba Associates, Incto prepare an annotated bibliography of li _rature about women in , non-traditional occupations.This bibliography is intended as, a resource document for ' groups and individuals involved in vocational education and for.others interested in 'w9en in the work foce. Acknowledgments go to numerous groups and indivi uals who helped the Koba _ aff to .identify materials currently available andTOth6se who participated in the development and review of the classification and annotation systenis for the biblio- graphy. Particular thanks are extended to our consultant, /71inifred Sewell, Lecturer in Librarianship at the UnIversity pf Maryland, who provided technical expertise for the development of the bibliography.We are also grateful for the support.provided by Deborah Ashford, Special Advisor on. Women's issues arid Jack Wilson, Program Spe- cialist, both of the Bureau of Occupational and Adult Education. Finally, we thank Katherine Nesper .and CarOl TuCkerrnSn, Research Associates, for /heir efforts to prepare this bibliography 'with guidance from Georgette Semick, Project Director, and asistance from Suzanne Tobin, Research Assistant, and,Sharon Smith, Adnunistratiye Assistant.. September, 1976 Ford T, JohnsonJr. President Koba Associates, Inc. WOMEN I'N NI-TRADITIONAL OC PAT,ION A BIBLIOGRAI7HVI Table of C ntents IN TR ODUCTION t ) Use the Bil?lioy,raphy I. Women in NotiTrdi tIonal Oc::upatknis OvervieMateriiIs Ii. Women in Non-Paclitional Skilled/ VdcctknI 0cc pa-tions 9 Wireri inciTrditicnal Professional-Ocupa 8 F RESOURCES FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 139 SdURCES FOR MATER l'ALS -146 INDEXES AUthor/Edito-- 165 Ti tle 1,72 Subjl-Se t/Occ upion 187 Introdu c ion. As part of its continuing ef fort toprovide up-td-date information and resource materials to those persons involved orifitgrested in the changing status of womenin the worldof work,- the Bu'reau ofOccupationai and Adult Education 'of the U.S. Office this annotated ofEducation contracted with Koba Associates,inc.to prepare bibliography of literature 'about women innon-traditional oaupations.Inte.nded as a ference document, the bibliography hasbeen designed for use by vocational'educa- ion directors at the statelevel, vocationtil education teachers,planning personnel and researchers, women's action and employmentplacement groups, employers, andunions. While numerous collections andbibliographies related to women in the work orce are currently available,few, if any, have as thei primaryfocus the experiences of women within those occupationstraditionally considered to be "men's" jobs rang- ing from corporation president-to welder.Our intent was -to prepare, ascomplete a document as possible encompassingliterature on all aspects of women the non- traditional job market including personalar.counts/experiences, se,x stereotyping, -dis- criminatory practices ob the job,employment projections and the like.In order to compile a usable doeument.,, strict'limitations were placed' on.rnaterial to be'included. General literature about women inthe work force, education and training programs. intended to increase the number" of worhenin tiw work force, and the legal andpsycho- logical implications of sex discrimination- wereexcluded in an effort to focus speci fi- cally on the experiences of womenWiViin nen-traditional o`ocupations. -t Although most of the traditionallyfern'ale:_occupations nurse, secretary, and librarian, for example -- are easilyidentifiab12, there exists no universallyaccepted definition oi a traditional versusnon,traditional'occupation for a woman. ,It was nec- the foundation for this essary, therefore,' toestablish a working definition to serve as document- By researching liureau ofthe Census and Department ofLabor statistics, we determined that as of1970 (the first year bipublication forthe literature included herein') the average proportion of women inthe labor force was 38%,-Using this i-iforiNition as our base, we defined anon-traditional occupalion as