Women's Suffrage Emily Depietri, Kayla Corbett, Lance Kamen, and Julia LaBarbiera “Facts of the Past” -Women were unhappy and wanted the right to vote and have a voice in government -The demand for the enfranchisement of American women was first seriously formulated at the Seneca Falls Convention (1848) -After the Civil War, agitation by women for the ballot became increasingly vociferous -In 1869, however, a rift developed among feminists over the proposed 15th Amendment, which gave the vote to black men -Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and others refused to endorse the amendment because it did not give women the ballot “Facts of the Past Continued…” -Other suffragists, however, including Lucy Stone and Julia Ward Howe, argued that once the black man was enfranchised, women would achieve their goal. As a result of the conflict, two organizations emerged -In 1890 the two groups united under the name National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) Slogan NWSA -The NWSA stands for National Woman Suffrage Association -The NWSA brought woman’s suffrage up to the federal level to be noticed and actually make change -They fought for married woman to be able to have property rights, unions for women workers, and woman being able to vote in elections -The American Woman Suffrage Association and the National Suffrage Association joined together to create the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) National Woman’s Party -In 1916, the Congressional Union formed the Woman’s Party, comprised of the enfranchised members of the Congressional Union -The National Woman's Party (NWP) was a women's organization founded by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns in 1913 that fought for women's rights during the early 20th century in the United States, particularly for the right to vote on the same terms as men -In 1917, the two organizations formally merged to form the National Woman’s Party National Women’s Party Continued… -The National Women’s Party would withhold its support from the existing political parties until women had gained the right to vote and “punish” those parties in power who did not support suffrage - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKQ8NHABn5o QUOTE “ I declare to you that woman must not depend upon the protection of man, but must be taught to protect herself, and there I take my stand.” Susan B. Anthony Susan B. Anthony (1820 - 1906) -In 1853 Anthony campaigned for Women’s Property rights in New York -She gave speeches, started petitions, and traveled to spread the word -She went to the National Woman's Rights convention in 1854 to pursue her petitions and get her name known -In 1856 at the National Woman’s Rights Convention she was named “The Lily” and “The Woman’s Advocate.” -In 1869, Anthony and other partner’s formed the National Woman’s Suffrage Association Susan B. Anthony (1820 - 1906) Continued... -In 1872 Anthony and her three sisters voted in the presidential election and were arrested and put on trial. After they refused to pay the fine they weren’t arrested and the idea of woman voting was brought to the Supreme Court’s attention -The 19th Amendment was named the Susan B. Anthony Amendment Quick Video http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=YjL5FnovS7g Catt -Carrie Chapman Catt revitalized the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NASA) -Concentrated on women's voting rights -Focussed on passing the 19th amendment -She was the finance chairman of the NASA -President of the NASA succeeding Susan B. Anthony Burns (Childhood) -Lucy Burns was born in Brooklyn, New York on July 28, 1879 -Lucy and her 7 brothers and sisters were raised Catholic -Her father was in favor of educating both boys and girls equally Burns (Education) -Burns received her B.A. in English at Vassar College -Studied etymology (the study of the origin of words and the way in which their meanings have changed throughout history) at Yale University and attended the University of Berlin in Germany -In 1909, while studying at Oxford College in Cambridge, England, she joined the Women’s Social and Political Union to work for the suffrage movement in Britain Paul (Childhood) -Alice Paul was born on January 11, 1885, in Moorestown, NJ -As Hicksite Quakers, Alice’s parents raised her with a belief in gender equality and the need to work for the betterment of society. -Alice’s father (William Paul) was a successful businessman -Was the President of Burlington County Trust Company in Moorestown, NJ, earned a comfortable living -Hicksite Quakers stressed separation from the materialistic society and advocated the benefits of staying close to nature -Paulsdale reflected this idea -Alice and her siblings likely had domestic and agricultural responsibilities instilling the values of industry and perseverance; two lessons critical for her later success Paul (Education) -She studied at Swarthmore College in 1905 -Went on to do graduate work in New York City and England -While in London from 1906 to 1909, Paul became politically active and joined the women's suffrage movement in Britain -Was arrested on several occasions, serving time in jail and going on a hunger strike -She earned a Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1912, to change other laws that affected women Burns and Paul -Burns and Paul met in a police station in London when both were arrested while protesting at Parliament -They became fast friends -Both were members of the National American Woman Suffrage Association -They left NAWSA, and In 1913 created the Congressional Union for Women's Suffrage -Three years later it became the National Women's Party Burns and Paul Continued... -Lucy helped organize political campaigns, was the editor of the Suffragist -She demonstrated against President Wilson in front of the White House -Spent more time in jail than any other American suffragist -Burns was a powerful speaker -Introduced the first Equal Rights Amendment in Congress (1923) -In later decades worked on the civil rights bill and fair employment practices How our reform movement came to be: -On Election Day in 1920, millions of American women exercised their right to vote for the first time. It took activists and reformers nearly 100 years to win that right, and the campaign was not easy: Disagreements over strategy threatened to cripple the movement more than once. But on August 26, 1920, the 19th Amendment to the Constitution was finally ratified, enfranchising all American women and declaring for the first time that they, like men, deserve all the rights and responsibilities of citizenship. 14th Amendment -The 14th amendment was made to grant citizenship to freed slaves and other African Americans -This amendment used the word “male” for the very first time in the constitution -Women were upset due to the fact they were being discriminated based on gender Presidents -Woodrow Wilson: Finally agreed to a suffrage amendment in January 1918 19th Amendment -Passed by Congress June 4, 1919, and ratified on August 18, 1920, the 19th amendment guarantees all American women the right to vote -Achieving this milestone required a lengthy and difficult struggle; victory took decades of agitation and protest 19th Amendment continued... -Beginning in the mid-19th century, several generations of woman suffrage supporters lectured, wrote, marched, lobbied, and practiced civil disobedience to achieve what many Americans considered a radical change of the Constitution -Few early supporters lived to see final victory in 1920 THE OUTCOME OF OUR REFORM -Women wanted the right to vote, so they fought and won eventually but it wasn’t easy. However, the outcome of all of the women’s hard work was worth it in the end, because women continue to earn even more rights to this day thanks to the Women’s Suffrage for guiding and fighting for us. Work Cited ● http://www2.lhric.org/pocantico/womenenc/burns.htm ● http://www.sewallbelmont.org/womenwecelebrate/lucy- burns/ ● http://www.alicepaul.org/alicepaul.htm ● http://www.biography.com/people/alice-paul-9435021 ● http://www.history.com/topics/the-fight-for-womens- suffrage ● http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/suffrage/history. htm ● http://www.sewallbelmont.org/learn/national-womans- party/ .