Identitetens pris Kritik, priser och kapitalcirkulation på det litterära fältet Johanna Bengtsson Ämne: Litteraturvetenskap Nivå: Master Poäng: 45 hp Ventilerad: 20 januari 2014 Handledare: Anna Williams Litteraturvetenskapliga institutionen Uppsatser inom litteraturvetenskap 1 Abstract The aim of this study is to study the construction of literary values. I have been looking at how literature awarded with sponsored literary prizes has been reviewed in four major English and American newspapers. I have been studying the reception of literature by Ian McEwan, Hilary Mantel, Colm Tóibín and Zadie Smith between 2000 and 2012. The prizes in focus are the Man Booker Prize, the Orange prize for fiction and the Costa Awards. There seems to be an increasing number of articles related to each author after they have been awarded a prize, however with little change in the content of the reviews. The non critical articles seems to move towards a more personal angle. I have also found that critics tend to position the authors’ works in comparision to canonised authorships rather than discussing the literature as awarded. Keywords: Literary awards, literary prizes, Man Booker Prize, Orange prize, Costa Awards, literary values, literary criticism, reception studies, book market, Ian McEwan, Hilary Mantel, Cólm Tóibín, Zadie Smith, sociology of literature, canon, identity. Nyckelord: Litterära priser, Man Bookerpriset, Orange-priset, Costa-priset, litterära värden, litteraturkritik, receptionsstudier, bokmarknad, Ian McEwan, Hilary Mantel, Cólm Tóibín, Zadie Smith, litteratursociologi, kanon, identitet. 2 Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Inledning ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Syfte och frågeställningar ....................................................................................................... 8 Metod ................................................................................................................................. 9 Material och avgränsningar .............................................................................................. 10 Tidigare forskning ............................................................................................................ 12 Teori ......................................................................................................................................... 15 Bourdieus fältmodell och några grundläggande begrepp ..................................................... 15 Det ekonomiska maktfältet och det kulturella produktionsfältet ......................................... 20 Författarrollen – mer om identitetsskapande ........................................................................ 23 Värdering, smak och kanon på det litterära fältet ................................................................ 24 Receptionsstudier ................................................................................................................. 30 Priserna ..................................................................................................................................... 32 Man Booker Prize ................................................................................................................. 33 Costa Book Awards .............................................................................................................. 35 Orange Prize for Fiction ....................................................................................................... 37 Författarna ................................................................................................................................ 38 Ian McEwan ......................................................................................................................... 39 Hilary Mantel ....................................................................................................................... 39 Colm Tóibín ......................................................................................................................... 39 Zadie Smith .......................................................................................................................... 40 Mottagandet av prisbelönade författarskap .............................................................................. 41 En kvantitativ översikt ......................................................................................................... 41 Ian McEwan ..................................................................................................................... 41 Hilary Mantel ................................................................................................................... 43 Colm Tóibín ..................................................................................................................... 45 Zadie Smith ...................................................................................................................... 47 Recensioner .......................................................................................................................... 48 3 Ian McEwan ..................................................................................................................... 48 Hilary Mantel ................................................................................................................... 52 Colm Tóibín ..................................................................................................................... 58 Zadie Smith ...................................................................................................................... 65 Mottagande i nordisk dagspress ........................................................................................... 70 Ian McEwan ..................................................................................................................... 70 Hilary Mantel ................................................................................................................... 71 Colm Tóibín ..................................................................................................................... 72 Zadie Smith ...................................................................................................................... 73 Priserna i pressen .................................................................................................................. 74 Att värdera litteratur ................................................................................................................. 77 Resultat ................................................................................................................................. 77 Pengar ............................................................................................................................... 77 Prestige ............................................................................................................................. 78 Publicitet ........................................................................................................................... 81 Slutdiskussion ....................................................................................................................... 82 Konsensus och kanon ....................................................................................................... 84 Pengar ............................................................................................................................... 85 Författaren som person ..................................................................................................... 86 Den lämpliga boken ......................................................................................................... 89 Referenser ................................................................................................................................. 92 Tryckta källor ....................................................................................................................... 92 Webkällor ............................................................................................................................. 94 Primärmaterial ...................................................................................................................... 96 Ian McEwan ..................................................................................................................... 96 Hilary Mantel ................................................................................................................... 98 Colm Tóibín ................................................................................................................... 101 Zadie Smith .................................................................................................................... 104 4 Bilaga 1: Schematisk översikt över bokutgivningar och priser .............................................. 107 Bilaga 2: Omslag pocketutgåvor ............................................................................................ 109 5 Inledning It’s probably clear by now that literature has nothing to do with national prizes and everything to do with a strange rain of blood, sweat, semen, and tears.1 Roberto Bolaño Citatet ovan är Roberto Bolaños slutsats i en essä där han diskuterar