Food and Nutrition Security in the Barotse Floodplain System

Food and Nutrition Security in the Barotse Floodplain System

Food and Nutrition Security in the Barotse Floodplain System Pasqualino, M. & Kennedy, G. (Bioversity International) Longley, K. & Thilsted, S. H. (WorldFish) Table of Contents Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 3 Methodology ................................................................................................................................... 4 Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. 5 Terminologies .................................................................................................................................. 6 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 7 The Barotse floodplain .................................................................................................................... 9 Overview of AAS communities ................................................................................................. 10 Kalabo District ........................................................................................................................ 10 Lukulu District ........................................................................................................................ 11 Mongu District ....................................................................................................................... 11 Senanga District ..................................................................................................................... 12 Malnutrition and its causes .......................................................................................................... 13 Nutritional status and child development ................................................................................... 14 Nutritional status of children .................................................................................................... 14 Nutritional status of women ..................................................................................................... 15 Nutrition in pregnancy, lactation and early childhood ............................................................... 16 Micronutrient intake among women and children ................................................................. 16 Infant and young child feeding practices ................................................................................. 18 National nutrition policies and strategies .................................................................................... 20 Food security and diversity ........................................................................................................... 21 Agricultural production ............................................................................................................. 21 Crop production in the Barotse ................................................................................................ 23 Markets in the Barotse .............................................................................................................. 24 Food supply and consumption ................................................................................................. 25 Food consumption and seasonal availability in the Barotse ................................................... 27 Intra household food allocation ............................................................................................... 28 Coping strategies for food shortages ....................................................................................... 29 Fish consumption .......................................................................................................................... 29 Health ............................................................................................................................................ 30 Disease burden .......................................................................................................................... 30 Health service delivery system ................................................................................................. 32 National health programs and priorities .................................................................................. 33 AAS community-level access to health facilities and services ................................................ 34 Water, sanitation and hygiene ..................................................................................................... 35 Gender ........................................................................................................................................... 37 Priorities of target communities and other stakeholders ........................................................... 39 Target communities .................................................................................................................. 39 Other stakeholders and development partners ...................................................................... 40 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 42 References ..................................................................................................................................... 43 1 List of Maps, Tables & Figures Map 1. Zambia ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Map 2. Districts of Western Zambia ........................................................................................................ 8 Map 3. Agro-ecological regions of Zambia ............................................................................................ 22 Table 1. Background statistics on Zambia and Western Province ........................................................... 7 Table 2. Administrative units in the Barotse............................................................................................ 9 Table 3. Kalabo District overview .......................................................................................................... 10 Table 4. Lukulu District overview ........................................................................................................... 11 Table 5. Mongu District overview .......................................................................................................... 11 Table 6. Senanga District overview ........................................................................................................ 12 Table 7. Primary agricultural products in the AAS communities ........................................................... 24 Table 8. Coping strategies ..................................................................................................................... 29 Table 9. Water and sanitation in the AAS communities ........................................................................ 36 Table 10. Hygiene in Zambia and Western Province ............................................................................. 37 Table 11. Livelihood activities for food and income generation ............................................................ 37 Table 12. Strategic areas mentioned in community visions .................................................................. 40 Table 13. Stakeholders and development partners in Western Province ............................................. 41 Figure 1. UNICEF conceptual framework of the determinants of maternal and child undernutrition .. 13 Figure 2. 2025 World Health Assembly (WHA) Targets ......................................................................... 14 Figure 3. Undernutrition trends in Zambia and Western Province ........................................................ 15 Figure 4. Micronutrient intake among mothers .................................................................................... 17 Figure 5. Exclusive breastfeeding of infants under 6 months (%) .......................................................... 18 Figure 6. Percentage of breastfed children 6-23 months consuming solid and semisolid food types... 19 Figure 7. IYCF indicators in Zambia and Western Province ................................................................... 20 Figure 8. Strategic Directions of the NFNSP .......................................................................................... 21 Figure 9. National distribution of the production quantity for primary crops (tonnes) ........................ 22 Figure 10. General cropping calendar in the Barotse ............................................................................ 23 Figure 11. Average dietary supply adequacy (% of caloric needs met by current food supply) ............ 26 Figure 12. Percentage of household consumption of different food groups ........................................ 27 Figure 13. Seasonal food availability .................................................................................................... 28 Figure 14. Leading causes of death in Zambia ....................................................................................... 31 Figure 15. Structure of health service delivery system .........................................................................

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