Overview of The Nuclear Industry and New Build In the U.S.A – Issues and Challenges A Presentation for IAEA Mission Supporting Nuclear Energy Infrastructure Development National Workshop on Workforce Planning and Human Resource Development August 19-21, 2013 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 1 Presentation Outline • Overview of Goodnight Consulting • Overview of The U.S. Nuclear power Industry • Impacts From Fukushima Dai-ichi • Progress in The U.S. Nuclear Power Industry • Construction Progress of New Nuclear • Key Issues & Challenges In The U.S.A. • Key Issues & Challenges for Newcomers to Nuclear Power • Appendix – Small Modular Reactor Information 2 Goodnight Consulting Provides Important Services To The Electric & Nuclear Power Industries Workforce Process Organizational Strategic Planning & Cultural Analysis & Analysis & Planning Staffing Assessments Redesign Redesign Benchmarking 3 Goodnight Consulting Has Developed Staffing Models For New Nuclear Plant Designs • Under separate contracts to Westinghouse (AP1000), Areva (EPR), and GE Hitachi (ESBWR) we have developed proprietary NPP staffing models: ➢ Multi-Unit Staffing Models For Steady State Operations ➢ Staffing ramp-up curves, for each functional area ➢ Refueling outage duration and cost estimates ➢ Comparative Staffing relative to Gen II designs • We also developed a multi-unit model for the Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation for KHNP’s APR1400 4 We Have Also Provided A Wide Range of Support To All Aspects Of Utility Operations • Staffing Benchmarking • Staffing Model Development • Work Force Planning Generation • Operational Analyses • Fossil • Hydro • Outage Performance Analyses • Nuclear • Cost Analyses Transmission • Compensation & Benefits Benchmarking Distribution • Process Analyses & Redesign Customer Service • Performance Benchmarking Corporate Administration • Organizational Analysis & Redesign • Organizational Migration • Cultural Assessments • M &A Support 5 We Maintain Real-World Staffing And Organizational Databases To Apply As A Baseline For Nuclear Staffing • Goodnight Consulting, Inc. maintains detailed proprietary databases including information from GOODNIGHT CONSULTING 74 nuclear plants in 6 countries STAFFING DATABASE 126 Operating Units • These databases include staffing on a functional 74 NUCLEAR PLANTS 7 3-Unit or 4-Unit Plants level: 33 Dual-Unit Plants 34 Single-Unit Plants ➢ Utility/Company site employees STAFFING DATA MAINTAINED ➢ Utility/Company corporate employees INDEPENDENT OF ORGANIZATION ➢ Contractor/Vendor employees/Full-Time STRUCTURE Equivalents (FTEs) • We also maintain an extensive library of detailed nuclear power company organization charts 6 Goodnight Consulting, Inc. Has Global Experience Serving The Electric Power Industry Ameren Corporation Exelon Omaha Public Power District American Electric Power FirstEnergy Ontario Power Generation (Canada) AREVA (France) Florida Power & Light Pacific Gas & Electric British Energy (United Kingdom) GE Hitachi Philadelphia Electric Company Constellation Energy Hydro Quebec (Canada) PPL Susquehanna Detroit Edison Indianapolis Power & Light Progress Energy Dominion IAEA (Austria)* PSEG Nuclear Duke Energy Kaiser Hill South Carolina Electric & Gas Electricite de France (France) Luminant Power South Texas Project Nuclear Operating Company Entergy Maine Yankee Atomic Power Company Strategic Teaming & Resource Sharing Alliance Electric Power Research Institute Nebraska Public Power District Tennessee Valley Authority E.On (Germany) New York Power Authority Westinghouse Electric Company Emirates Nuclear Energy Corp (UAE) North Atlantic Energy Services Co. Wolf Creek Nuclear Operating Company Eskom (South Africa) Nuclear Management Company Worley-Parsons Bulgaria, Ltd. (Bulgaria) * IAEA support includes authoring, co-authoring, and reviewing TecDocs on Human Resources and Knowledge Management, and Expert Missions to the Governments of Chile, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Kuwait, South Africa, Thailand, and Ukraine 7 Presentation Outline • Overview of Goodnight Consulting • Overview of The U.S. Nuclear power Industry • Impacts From Fukushima Dai-ichi • Progress in The U.S. Nuclear Power Industry • Construction Progress of New Nuclear • Key Issues & Challenges In The U.S.A. • Key Issues & Challenges for Newcomers to Nuclear Power • Appendix – Small Modular Reactor Information 8 There Are 100 Operating Commercial Nuclear Reactors In The U.S.A. Today • The U.S. is a large country with diverse population centers • Most U.S. population centers developed along fresh water sources • Most commercial nuclear power plants are relatively close to large population centers (but not too close: NIMBY) Image Courtesy of U.S. NRC • The large number of nuclear plants created the environment for a large nuclear support industry; the combination of many nuclear plants + a large support industry + NRC + INPO has created a significant number of nuclear power experts in many different areas of specialty 9 Most U.S. Nuclear Plants Have Received (Or Are Expected To Apply For) License Renewal For Additional 20 Years • Over 70% of the U.S. Nuclear industry has already received license renewal approval from the NRC: Unit Name (s) Date Approved # Rx's Unit Name (s) Date Approved # Rx's Calvert Cliffs 1 & 2 3/23/00 2 Brunswick 1 & 2 6/26/06 2 Oconee Units 1, 2 & 3 5/23/00 3 Nine Mile Point 1 & 2 10/31/06 2 Arkansas Nuclear One 1 6/20/01 1 Monticello 11/8/06 1 Edwin I. Hatch 1 & 2 1/15/02 2 Palisades 1/17/07 1 Turkey Point 3 & 4 6/6/02 2 FitzPatrick 9/9/08 1 North Anna 1 & 2 3/20/03 2 Wolf Creek 1 11/20/08 1 Surry 1 & 2 3/20/03 2 Shearon Harris 1 12/17/08 1 Peach Bottom 2 & 3 5/7/03 2 Oyster Creek 1 4/8/09 1 St. Lucie 1 & 2 10/3/03 2 Vogtle 1 & 2 6/3/09 2 Fort Calhoun 11/4/03 1 Three Mile Island 1 10/22/09 1 Catawba 1 & 2 12/5/03 2 Beaver Valley 1 & 2 11/5/09 2 McGuire 1 & 2 12/5/03 2 Susquehanna 1 & 2 11/24/09 2 H.B. Robinson 2 4/19/04 2 Cooper 11/30/10 1 V.C. Summer 4/23/04 1 Duane Arnold 12/16/10 1 Ginna 5/19/04 1 Kewaunee 2/24/11 1 Dresden 2 & 3 10/28/04 2 Vermont Yankee 1 3/21/11 1 Quad Cities 1 & 2 10/28/04 2 Palo Verde 1, 2 & 3 4/21/11 3 Joseph M. Farley 1 & 2 5/12/05 2 Prairie Island 1 & 2 6/29/11 2 Arkansas Nuclear One 2 7/1/05 1 Salem 1 & 2 6/30/11 2 Donald C. Cook 1 & 2 8/30/05 2 Hope Creek 1 7/20/11 1 Millstone 2 & 3 11/28/05 2 Columbia Generating Station 2 5/22/12 1 Point Beach 1 & 2 12/22/05 2 Pilgrim 1 5/29/12 1 Browns Ferry 1, 2 & 3 5/4/06 3 • 17 additional nuclear plants are currently under review, and 13 others are expected to apply for license renewal 10 Nuclear Energy Has Become A Significant, Reliable, And Safe Energy Source For The U.S.A. ~ 20% of Energy Produced Is Average Capacity From Nuclear Factors Have Stabilized Near 90% Industrial Safety Accidents Have Dropped To ~0.07 Per200,000 Work Hours 11 Presentation Outline • Overview of Goodnight Consulting • Overview of The U.S. Nuclear power Industry • Impacts From Fukushima Dai-ichi • Progress in The U.S. Nuclear Power Industry • Construction Progress of New Nuclear • Key Issues & Challenges In The U.S.A. • Key Issues & Challenges for Newcomers to Nuclear Power • Appendix – Small Modular Reactor Information 12 While Most U.S. Nuclear Plants Are Not Vulnerable To Tsunamis, There Are Some That Could Be At Risk • Most U.S. nuclear plants are far enough from coastlines that tsunamis pose no real risk • However, several coastal plants are only slightly above sea level and a large tsunami could have a significant impact 13 The U.S. NRC Is Requiring Licensees To Begin Adopting New Post-Fukushima Requirements • The NRC has begun to require that U.S. nuclear plants develop a 3 phased approach for “mitigating beyond design-basis external events” (EA-12- 049, dated March 12, 2012): ➢ Phase I – “The initial phase requires the use of installed equipment and resources to maintain or restore core cooling, containment and spent fuel pool (SFP) cooling capabilities.” ➢ Phase II – “The transition phase requires providing sufficient, portable, onsite equipment and consumables to maintain or restore these functions until they can be accomplished with resources brought from off site. ➢ Phase III – “The final phase requires obtaining sufficient offsite resources to sustain those functions indefinitely.” • These requirements include the development of an “overall integrated plan” which must be complete within 2 refueling cycles or December 31, 2016, whichever comes first 14 NRC EA-12-049 Has 5 Key Requirements For The Licensees To Implement 1. “Licensees or construction permit (CP) holders shall develop, implement, and maintain guidance and strategies to maintain or restore core cooling, containment and SFP cooling capabilities following a beyond-design-basis external event.” 2. “These strategies must be capable of mitigating a simultaneous loss of all alternating current (AC) power and loss of normal access to the ultimate heat sink and have adequate capacity to address challenges to core cooling, containment, and SFP cooling capabilities at all units on a site subject to this Order.” 3. “Licensees or CP holders must provide reasonable protection for the associated equipment from external events. Such protection must demonstrate that there is adequate capacity to address challenges to core cooling, containment, and SFP cooling capabilities at all units on a site subject to this Order.” 4. “Licensees or CP holders must be capable of implementing the strategies in all modes.” 5. “Full compliance shall include procedures, guidance, training, and acquisition, staging, or installing of equipment needed for the strategies.” 15 Presentation Outline • Overview of Goodnight Consulting • Overview of The U.S. Nuclear power Industry • Impacts From Fukushima Dai-ichi • Progress in The U.S. Nuclear Power Industry • Construction Progress of New Nuclear • Key Issues & Challenges In The U.S.A. • Key Issues & Challenges for Newcomers to Nuclear Power • Appendix – Small Modular Reactor Information 16 There Are 28 Proposed New Nuclear Reactors At 18 Locations In The U.S.A.