HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY OF CHARLOTTE COUNTY, VIRGINIA June 1998 Hill Studio, P. C. 120 West Campbell Avenue Prepared by: Alison S. Blanton Roanoke, Virginia 24011 Mary A. Zirkle 540-342-5263 Stacy L. Marshall Prepared for: Virginia Department of Historic Resources County of Charlotte 2801 Kensington Avenue 250 LeGrande Ave, Suite A, PO Box 608 Richmond, Virginia 23221 Charlotte Court House, Virginia 23923 804-367-2323 434-542-5117 Historic Architectural Survey of Charlotte County, Virginia Hill Studio, P.C. Page 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures........................................................................................................................................2 Abstract..................................................................................................................................................4 Acknowledgements................................................................................................................................5 Chapter 1 - Project Background.............................................................................................................6 Chapter 2 - Methodology.......................................................................................................................9 Chapter 3 - Historic Context................................................................................................................14 Themes: Domestic ..........................................................................................................................................37 Subsistence/Agriculture...................................................................................................................47 Government/Law/Political...............................................................................................................54 Health Care/Medicine......................................................................................................................57 Education .........................................................................................................................................60 Military/Defense ..............................................................................................................................64 Religion............................................................................................................................................67 Social ...............................................................................................................................................74 Recreation/Arts ................................................................................................................................77 Transportation/Communication.......................................................................................................81 Commerce/Trade .............................................................................................................................85 Industry/Processing/Extraction........................................................................................................92 Landscape ........................................................................................................................................95 Funerary...........................................................................................................................................98 Ethnicity/Immigration....................................................................................................................100 Chapter 4 - Survey Findings ..............................................................................................................103 Chapter 5 - Evaluation .......................................................................................................................120 Chapter 6 - Recommendations...........................................................................................................125 Glossary .............................................................................................................................................128 References..........................................................................................................................................135 Appendices - Separate Document Appendix A.............................................. Inventory of Surveyed Resources by Identification Number Appendix B ...................... Chronological Inventory of Surveyed Resources by Identification Number Appendix C ..........................Chronological Inventory of Surveyed Resources in Chronological Order Appendix D...................................................................Alphabetical Inventory of Surveyed Resources Appendix E ...................Historic Context Inventory of Surveyed Resources by Identification Number Historic Architectural Survey of Charlotte County, Virginia Hill Studio, P.C. Page 2 Appendix F.....................................Wuzit Inventory of Surveyed Resources by Identification Number Appendix G......................Preliminary Information Form for Eligible Drakes Branch Historic District Appendix H.............................. Preliminary Information Form for Eligible Keysville Historic District Historic Architectural Survey of Charlotte County, Virginia Hill Studio, P.C. Page 3 List of Figures Map of Charlotte County with Magisterial Districts and USGS Quads................................................8 Map of Virginia with Charlotte and Surrounding Counties ................................................................14 Greenfield ............................................................................................................................................17 Charlotte Courthouse ...........................................................................................................................19 Harvey’s Tavern ..................................................................................................................................20 Red House Tavern, Part 1 ....................................................................................................................20 Gravel Hill ...........................................................................................................................................20 Do Well................................................................................................................................................21 Do Well - Mantel .................................................................................................................................21 Rough Creek Baptist Church ...............................................................................................................22 Red Oak Grove Store...........................................................................................................................23 Gravel Hill - Interior............................................................................................................................24 Moldavia ..............................................................................................................................................25 Salem Baptist Church ..........................................................................................................................25 Wardsfork Mill.....................................................................................................................................28 Formosa Store and Post Office ............................................................................................................29 Keeling’s Drug Store ...........................................................................................................................29 Rutledge Bar Room..............................................................................................................................30 Charlotte Hotel.....................................................................................................................................30 St. John House - Gable Detail..............................................................................................................31 Central High School.............................................................................................................................31 Salem School .......................................................................................................................................31 Friendship Baptist Church ...................................................................................................................32 Grace Episcopal Church ......................................................................................................................32 Moses Hall ...........................................................................................................................................33 Hanmer Car Company .........................................................................................................................33 Tenant House, Route 643.....................................................................................................................34 H. B. Owen House ...............................................................................................................................35 Gertrude Shook Studio.........................................................................................................................35