ISSN: 2311-6803 PAKISTAN STUDIES Bilingual / Bi-Annual Pakistan Studies, English / Urdu Research Journal Vol. 12 No.02 July – December 2020 PAKISTAN STUDY CENTER University of Balochistan Quetta. (Pakistan) I ISSN: 2311-6803 PAKISTAN STUDIES Bilingual / Bi-annual Pakistan Studies, English / Urdu Research Journal Vol. 12 No. 2 July-December 2020 Recognized by (Higher Education Commission of Pakistan) PAKISTAN STUDY CENTER, University of Balochistan, Quetta (Pakistan) II ISSN: 2311-6803 PAKISTAN STUDIES Bilingual / Bi-annual Pakistan Studies, English / Urdu Research Journal Vol. 12 No. 2 July-December 2020 Recognized by (Higher Education Commission of Pakistan) Editor: Dr. Mohammad Usman Tobawal PAKISTAN STUDY CENTER, University of Balochistan, Quetta (Pakistan) III PAKISTAN STUDIES Bilingual / Bi-annual Pakistan Studies English / Urdu Research Journal Vol 12 No. 2 July-December 2020 PATRON Prof., Dr. Shafiq-Ur-Rehman Vice Chancellor, University of Balochistan, Quetta & Chairman, Board of Governors, Pakistan Study Centre EDITOR Prof., Dr. Muhammad Usman Tobawal EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Prof., Dr. Adil Zaman Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Balochistan IV ASSISTANT EDITORS Prof., Dr. Noor Ahmed Prof., Dr. Kaleemullah Prof., Dr. Ain-Ud-Din Prof., Dr. Ghulam Farooq Baloch Prof., Yousaf Ali Rodeni Prof., Surriya Bano ASSOCIATE EDITORS Prof., Taleem Badshah Mr. Qari Abdul Rehman Miss Shazia Jaffar Mr. Nazir Ahmed Miss Sharaf Bibi COMPOSING SECTION Mr. Manzoor Ahmed Mr. Bijar Khan Mr. Pervaiz Ahmed V MEMBERS OF EDITORIAL BOARD OVERSEAS Dr. Yanee Srimanee, Ministry of Commerce, (Thailand) Prof., M. Aslam Syed, Harvard University, Cambridge, (Massachusetts) Dr. Jamil Farooqui, Dept. of Sociology and Anthropology International Islamic University, (Kuala Lampur) Prof., Dr. Shinaz Jindani, Savannah State University of Georgia (USA) Dr. Elina Bashir, University of Chicago (USA) Dr. Murayama Kazuyuki, #26-106, Hamahata 5-10, Adachi-Ku, Tokyo 1210061, (Japan) Prof., Dr. Fida Muhammad, State University of New York Oneonta NY 12820 Dr. Naseer Dashti, 11 Sparrows Lane, New Elthaw London (England) Dr. Naseebullah, International Correspondent, Editor and Political Consultant, The Montreal Tribune, Montreal, Quebec (Candada) Johnny Cheung, Institute of Culture and Language Paris (France) VI MEMBERS OF EDITORIAL BOARD NATIONAL Prof. Dr. Abdul Razzaq Sabir, Vice Chancellor, Turbat University, Dr. Fakhr-Ul-Islam University of Peshawar. Dr. Abdul Saboor Pro Vice Chancellor, University of Turbat. Syed Minhaj-Ul-Hassan, University of Peshawar. Prof. Dr. Javaid Haider Syed, Gujrat University. Dr. Syed Wiqar Ali Shah, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. Prof. Dr. Mussarat Abid, Director, Pakistan Study Centre, Punjab University. Prof. Dr. Khalida Jamali, Jamshoro, Sindh University. Dr. Nasrullah jan Wazir, University of Peshawar. Dr. Muhammad Qasim Soomro, University of Sindh, Jamshoro. VII Guidelines/Parameters for Contributors: Following are the Guidelines/Parameters for the Scholars/Researchers contributing articles to the Bilingual Bi-annual Research Journal of PSC “PAKISTAN STUDIES ISSN: 2311-6803”. The title should appear at the middle position of the first page The title should be brief (recommended) along with author’s name also appearing in the top-left header position in the rest of the pages (running head). All author’s complete name as well as affiliations should also be explicit on the first page along with the corresponding author’s postal and email addresses. The article should comprise an abstract, introduction including (limitations and suggestions), and references. The abstract should be brief (recommended) The article should be of maximum 4000 words in New Times Roman, font 12 with 1-line spacing. Main heading should be bold with italic subheadings. Tables as well as figures should be in a separate file, in a ready to print form with sources given below the tables. All statistical symbols present in the article should be italic. References should be in author/date style throughout the text in the APA format. The article should be in composed form. Authors are entitled to five free off-prints and a copy of the issue in which their article is published. The articles should accompany a soft copy as well; to be sent through email preferably in MS word file format. Articles must focus on latest researches carried out in different fields/areas i.e. Literature, Language, Economy, Management, Heritage and Culture, Politics, Media, History, Philosophy, etc. relevant to Pakistan. Any queries regarding the publication or acceptance of the article can be sought at the given address: Editor “Pakistan Studies” Pakistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan, Quetta-Pakistan [email protected] VIII EDITORIAL The prime aim of the PAKISTAN STUDIES Bilingual/ Bi-annual English/ Urdu Research Journal is to highlight the researcher’s particular perceptions regarding socio-economic as well as Political matters of Pakistan. The collection of articles in this volume is a valuable attempt to create new knowledge and research. Keeping in view maintaining the highest standards of Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, all works submitted are subject to blind refereeing process, and are published only after extensive debates in the Meeting of Publication Committee. However, the Journal bears no responsibility for the opinions and results whatsoever expressed by Scholars/Researchers in their articles published in this Journal and must not be construed as reflecting the policy of the Pakistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan in any manner whatsoever. Pakistan Study Centre’s entire team is grateful to respected Professor Dr. Shafiq-Ur-Rehman, Vice Chancellor, University of Balochistan, Quetta for his encouragement and support. Our entire team, under the leadership of Professor Dr. Usman Tobawal, Editor and Director Pakistan Study Centre, worked diligently to cover an impressive as well as remarkable diversity of research articles published in this Journal. The Pakistan Study Centre is highly indebted to national as well as international peer reviewers for communicating their valuable comments and suggestions. We are also obliged to the Editorial Board Members who always guide us for enhancing quality of this research journal. We highly welcome as well as appreciate our valuable readers for their encouraging feedback, suggestions and constructive criticism to enhance structural arrangements and quality of the journal positively. Prof., Dr. Muhammad Usman Tobawal Contents Page No Business, Commerce and Economics An Analysis of Pakistan’s Agriculture Sector Performance 01 Under Autocracy and Democracy During 1999-2016: Aziz-ur-Rehman Khan kakar & Jahangir Khan Achakzai The Relationship between Psychological Empowerment 10 and Employees’ Job Performance: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction Benish Sehar Khalid & Muhammad Shafiq Impact of Cash Holding on Profitability in Auto 24 Corporate Sector of Pakistan for the Period 2013-2017: Taimur Shah, Muhammad Shafiq & Ruqia Rehman Mediating Effect of Organizational Trust between Ethical 41 Leadership and Work Engagement among Teachers of HEIs: Kashif Ali & Muhammad Danish The Impact of Financial Literacy and it’s 63 Psychological Influence: Muhammad Shaban, Yousaf Ali Rodini, Surraya Bano & Shazia Jaffar An Antecedents of Green Purchase Intention Among 79 Young Consumers of Quetta-Pakistan: Syed Taj Muhammad & Muhammad Danish Contents Page No Language and Literature The Woman Question in Qaisra Shahraz’s Novel 100 “The Holy Woman” A Study of Qaisra Shahraz’s Novel (The Holy Woman): Akbar khan & Najia Asrar Zaidi Revisiting the Minaret of Light: Faiz Ahmed Faiz’s 117 Peaceful Political Activism as A Landmark of Revolution in the Imperial World: Saman Salah, Nazir Ahmed Kasi, & Durdana Rafique Social Sciences and Humanities A Peaceful Withdrawal of U.S and The Need for 136 Negotiations with Taliban: Bahadur Khan & Para Din Syria: A Multifaceted Theatre of War 148 Jahanzeb Sheikh & Jahanzeb Khan Radicalization: A Case Study of Youth in Pakistan 160 Mansoor Ahmed & Muhammad Hassan The Policies of Musharraf Regime in Pakistan: An Analysis 172 Muhammad Hassan, Muhammad Aslam & Jahanzaib Khan Civil Military Relation in Turkey from 1997-2016: Muhammad Naseem & Abdul Manan 185 Ramifications of Iran Nuclear Deal: Noor Ullah Khan & Para Din 199 Contents Page No Challenges and Opportunity Regarding Hrd Dynamics 215 and Pace of Globalization Process: Chakar Khan & Noor Ahmed Pakistan’s Foreign Policy Towards Afghanistan: 232 Challenges and Prospects Joint Connectivity as Medium of Economic Stability Nazir Ahmed kasi, Durdana Rafique, Saman Salah & Parvaiz Ahmed Economic Impacts of Terrorism on Pakistan’s Economy: 250 An Analytical Study Parveen Nisa, Bijar Khan Rodini, Sharaf Bibi & Muhammad Zakir Factors Causing Drug Addiction Among Youth in 259 Balochistan: A Case Study of Quetta District Daud Durrani, Sadia Barech & Muhammad Yousaf Psycho-Social Effects of Corporal Punishment On 273 Working Children: A Case of Motor Workshops in Quetta Zafarullah, Sadia Barrech & Muhammad Yousaf Historical Background of Khanate of Kalat: 290 Durdana & Zahid Hussain Dashti From Autonomy to Separation: A Case Study of Fall of 303 Dhaka Muhammad Akmal Khilji & Kaleem Ullah Bareach Impact of Family Background on Students’ Learning 318 Achievement in Classrooms at Primary Level in District Pishin: Guldasta Babar, Dost Muhammad Tareen & Khalida Panezai Contents Page No A Study on Effect of Classroom Learning Environment