Drugs of Choice Drugs of Choice 2019 Selected 2018 Articles from The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics ® Published by The Medical Letter, Inc. 145 Huguenot St. New Rochelle, New York 10801-7537 800-211-2769 914-235-0500 Fax 914-632-1733 www.medicalletter.org 20th Edition Contents Copyright 2019 (ISSN 1065-6596) Introduction ............................................................................................. vii (ISBN 978-0-9846522-0-4) Adult Immunization ................................................................................ 1 Rheumatoid Arthritis ............................................................................... 27 The Medical Letter Inc. 145 Huguenot St., Ste. 312 Contraceptives ......................................................................................... 43 New Rochelle, New York 10801-7537 GERD and Peptic Ulcer Disease ............................................................. 67 Infl ammatory Bowel Disease .................................................................. 89 Insomnia .................................................................................................. 115 Nonopioid Drugs for Pain ....................................................................... 129 No part of the material may be reproduced or transmitted by any process Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms ................................................................ 153 in whole or in part without prior permission in writing. The editors and Opioids for Pain ...................................................................................... 167 publisher do not warrant that all the material in this publication is accurate Sunscreens ............................................................................................... 191 and complete in every respect. The editors and publisher shall not be held responsible for any damage resulting from any error, inaccuracy or omission. Vaccines for Travelers ............................................................................. 201 Varicella-Zoster Virus and Herpes Simplex Virus Infections ................. 221 Permissions: To reproduce any portion of this handbook, please e-mail your request to [email protected] Venous Thromboembolism ..................................................................... 233 Weight Management ............................................................................... 253 Index ....................................................................................................... 273 ii iii Tables Adult Immunization Nonopioid Drugs for Pain Some Vaccines for Adults ............................................................ 4-9 Recommendations for Treatment of Pain .................................... 130 Adult Vaccines for Special Populations ....................................... 12-13 Some Nonopioid Analgesics for Pain .......................................... 132-139 Recommendations for Pneumococcal Vaccination ...................... 17 Some Adjuvant Pain Medications ................................................ 144-147 Rheumatoid Arthritis Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms Recommendations for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis ......... 28 Recommendations........................................................................ 154 Some Conventional DMARDs for Rheumatoid Arthritis ............ 30-31 Some Drugs for Management of Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms 156-157 Some Biologic Agents and JAK Inhibitors for Rheumatoid Opioids for Pain Arthritis.................................................................................... 34-37 Recommendations for Treatment of Pain .................................... 168 Contraceptives Opioid Prescribing for Chronic Noncancer Pain ......................... 171 Recommendations........................................................................ 44 Some Oral/Topical Opioid Analgesics ......................................... 174-181 Effi cacy of Contraceptives for Pregnancy Prevention ................. 46-51 Sunscreens Some Oral Hormonal Contraceptives .......................................... 54-59 FDA-Approved Sunscreens ......................................................... 193 Some Emergency Contraceptives ................................................ 63 Some Sunscreen Products ............................................................ 194-197 GERD and Peptic Ulcer Disease Vaccines for Travelers Recommendations for Treatment of GERD, PUD, and Some Vaccines for Travelers........................................................ 204-207 Helicobacter pylori Infection .................................................. 68 Varicella-Zoster Virus and Herpes Simplex Virus Infections Some Drugs for GERD and Peptic Ulcer Disease ....................... 72-75 Drugs for Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection .................................. 222 Preferred Regimens for Helicobacter pylori Infection ................ 78-79 Drugs for Herpes Simplex Virus Infections ................................. 224-227 Some Alternative Regimens for Helicobacter pylori Infection ... 82-85 Venous Thromboembolism Infl ammatory Bowel Disease Recommendations........................................................................ 234 Recommendations for Treatment of IBD .................................... 90 Some Parenteral Anticoagulants for VTE .................................... 236-237 Drugs for Ulcerative Colitis......................................................... 92-93 Some Oral Anticoagulants for VTE ............................................. 238-239 Drugs for Crohn’s Disease ........................................................... 95 FDA-Approved Indications of Anticoagulants for VTE.............. 240-241 Some Drugs for Infl ammatory Bowel Disease ............................ 98-103 Duration of Anticoagulation for VTE .......................................... 243 Safety of Drugs for IBD in Pregnancy ........................................ 107 Non-Bleeding Adverse Effects and Drug Interactions ............... 246-247 Insomnia Recommendations for Treatment of Chronic Insomnia ............... 116 Some Oral Hypnotics for Chronic Insomnia ............................... 118-121 iv v PRESIDENT: Mark Abramowicz, M.D. VICE PRESIDENT AND EXECUTIVE EDITOR: Gianna Zuccotti, M.D., M.P.H., F.A.C.P., Harvard Medical School Weight Management EDITOR IN CHIEF: Jean-Marie Pfl omm, Pharm.D. Recommendations for Weight Management ................................ 254 ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Susan M. Daron, Pharm.D., Amy Faucard, MLS, Some FDA-Approved Drugs for Weight Management ............... 258-261 Corinne Z. Morrison, Pharm.D., Michael P. Viscusi, Pharm.D. CONSULTING EDITORS: Brinda M. Shah, Pharm.D., F. Peter Swanson, Gastric Balloons for Weight Loss ................................................ 265 M.D. CONTRIBUTING EDITORS: Carl W. Bazil, M.D., Ph.D., Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons Ericka L. Crouse, Pharm.D., B.C.P.P., C.G.P., F.A.S.H.P., F.A.S.C.P., Virginia Commonwealth University Health Vanessa K. Dalton, M.D., M.P.H., University of Michigan Medical School Eric J. Epstein, M.D., Albert Einstein College of Medicine David N. Juurlink, BPhm, M.D., Ph.D., Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Richard B. Kim, M.D., University of Western Ontario Franco M. Muggia, M.D., New York University Medical Center Sandip K. Mukherjee, M.D., F.A.C.C., Yale School of Medicine Dan M. Roden, M.D., Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Esperance A.K. Schaefer, M.D., M.P.H., Harvard Medical School F. Estelle R. Simons, M.D., F.R.C.P.C., F.R.S.C., University of Manitoba Neal H. Steigbigel, M.D., New York University School of Medicine Arthur M. F. Yee, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.R., Weill Medical College of Cornell University MANAGING EDITOR AND DIRECTOR OF CONTENT OPERATIONS: Susie Wong ASSISTANT MANAGING EDITOR: Liz Donohue FULFILLMENT AND SYSTEMS MANAGER: Cristine Romatowski SITE LICENSE SALES: Elaine Reaney-Tomaselli EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF MARKETING AND COMMUNICATIONS: Joanne F. Valentino VICE PRESIDENT AND PUBLISHER: Yosef Wissner-Levy vi vii Introduction The Medical Letter, Inc. is a nonprofi t organization that publishes critical NOTE: The drug costs listed in the tables are based on the pricing appraisals of new prescription drugs and comparative reviews of drugs information that was available in the month the article was originally for common diseases in its newsletter, The Medical Letter on Drugs published. When the cost of a drug has been updated or added since pub- and Therapeutics. It is committed to providing objective, practical, and lication, it is designated as such. timely information on drugs and treatments of common diseases to help readers make the best decisions for their patients—without the infl uence The Medical Letter, Inc. is based in New Rochelle, NY. For more infor- of the pharmaceutical industry. The Medical Letter is supported by its mation, go to www.medicalletter.org or call 800-211-2769. readers, and does not receive any commercial support or accept advertis- ing in any of its publications. Many of our readers know that pharmaceutical companies and their representatives often exaggerate the therapeutic effects and understate the adverse effects of their products, but busy practitioners have neither the time nor the resources to check the accuracy of the manufacturers’ claims. Our publication is intended specifi cally to meet the needs of busy healthcare professionals who want unbiased, reliable, and timely drug information. Our editorial process