Vol 6 Issue 3 Dec 2016 ISSN No : 2249-894X ORIGINAL ARTICLE Monthly Multidisciplinary Research Journal Review Of Research Journal Chief Editors Ashok Yakkaldevi Ecaterina Patrascu A R Burla College, India Spiru Haret University, Bucharest Kamani Perera Regional Centre For Strategic Studies, Sri Lanka Welcome to Review Of Research RNI MAHMUL/2011/38595 ISSN No.2249-894X Review Of Research Journal is a multidisciplinary research journal, published monthly in English, Hindi & Marathi Language. All research papers submitted to the journal will be double - blind peer reviewed referred by members of the editorial Board readers will include investigator in universities, research institutes government and industry with research interest in the general subjects. Regional Editor Dr. T. Manichander Advisory Board Kamani Perera Delia Serbescu Mabel Miao Regional Centre For Strategic Studies, Sri Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Romania Center for China and Globalization, China Lanka Xiaohua Yang Ruth Wolf Ecaterina Patrascu University of San Francisco, San Francisco University Walla, Israel Spiru Haret University, Bucharest Karina Xavier Jie Hao Fabricio Moraes de AlmeidaFederal Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), University of Sydney, Australia University of Rondonia, Brazil USA Pei-Shan Kao Andrea Anna Maria Constantinovici May Hongmei Gao University of Essex, United Kingdom AL. I. Cuza University, Romania Kennesaw State University, USA Romona Mihaila Marc Fetscherin Loredana Bosca Spiru Haret University, Romania Rollins College, USA Spiru Haret University, Romania Liu Chen Beijing Foreign Studies University, China Ilie Pintea Spiru Haret University, Romania Mahdi Moharrampour Nimita Khanna Govind P. Shinde Islamic Azad University buinzahra Director, Isara Institute of Management, New Bharati Vidyapeeth School of Distance Branch, Qazvin, Iran Delhi Education Center, Navi Mumbai Titus Pop Salve R. N. Sonal Singh PhD, Partium Christian University, Department of Sociology, Shivaji University, Vikram University, Ujjain Oradea, Kolhapur Romania Jayashree Patil-Dake P. Malyadri MBA Department of Badruka College J. K. VIJAYAKUMAR Government Degree College, Tandur, A.P. Commerce and Arts Post Graduate Centre King Abdullah University of Science & (BCCAPGC),Kachiguda, Hyderabad Technology,Saudi Arabia. S. D. Sindkhedkar PSGVP Mandal's Arts, Science and Maj. Dr. S. Bakhtiar Choudhary George - Calin SERITAN Commerce College, Shahada [ M.S. ] Director,Hyderabad AP India. Postdoctoral Researcher Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political Anurag Misra AR. SARAVANAKUMARALAGAPPA Sciences DBS College, Kanpur UNIVERSITY, KARAIKUDI,TN Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi C. D. Balaji V.MAHALAKSHMI REZA KAFIPOUR Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai Dean, Panimalar Engineering College Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz, Iran Bhavana vivek patole S.KANNAN PhD, Elphinstone college mumbai-32 Ph.D , Annamalai University Rajendra Shendge Director, B.C.U.D. Solapur University, Awadhesh Kumar Shirotriya Kanwar Dinesh Singh Solapur Secretary, Play India Play (Trust),Meerut Dept.English, Government Postgraduate (U.P.) College , solan More......... Address:-Ashok Yakkaldevi 258/34, Raviwar Peth, Solapur - 413 005 Maharashtra, India Cell : 9595 359 435, Ph No: 02172372010 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ror.isrj.org Review Of Research ISSN: 2249-894X Impact Factor : 3.8014(UIF) Volume - 6 | Issue - 3 | December - 2016 STUDIES ON SOIL INSECT FAUNA OF WASHIM REGION MAHARASHTRA, INDIA Syed. S. T. M., P. S. patil and S. G. Chhaba Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, R. A. Arts, Shri M. K. Commerce and Shri S. R. Rathi Science Mahavidhyalaya, Washim. ABSTRACT : years ago Gupta et oil is alive with _ _ al.,(2000). Insect are b i o l o g i c a l mostly solitary, but Sorganisms which _ _ some such as certain respond directly to bees, ants and termites _ _ v a r i a t i o n s i n t h e are social and live in environment and modify _ _ large well organised environment physically colonies manner some and chemically. Insects, _ _ insect such as earwing, related arthropods, and Centipede, Millipede _ _ other invertebrates are KEY WORDS: Washim diversity of habitats. The e a r t hwo r m , s h ows _ commonly seen on the _ region, Soil, insects, soil is a particularly ideal _ maternal care guarding ground in gardens, biodiversity. _ niche for insect because their eggs and Young _ _ fields, lawns, and yards. _ t h e s o i l p r o v i d e s insect can communicate Many of these are very with each other in a _ _ INTRODUCTION: _ protection from heat active on the soil surface Soil is probably one of and cold, drying and variety of ways. Some _ in agricultural fields and _ the most species-rich heavy rains, and natural _ soil insect are beneficial often found there. Some habitats of terrestrial _ enemies such as birds. to the farmer because _ _ of these insects are pests ecosystems, considering _ The roots, stems of they are the natural of plants and some help enemies of other soul _ _ t h e h a b i t a t s l i k e _ tubers, corn, bulb and with biocontrol by insect predatory insect ve r te b rate fa e c e s , _ various plants provide feeding on pests. Many _ d e c a y i n g w o o d , an abundance of food to _ feed on other insect and _ of these are important epiphytic soils and the insects .soil insect in this way they help _ _ for decomposition and forest/agricultural or _ are extremely successful control pest insect nutrient recycling. The _ Metcalf et.al., (1962). _ domestic litter. The animals and they are _ present research work is T h e r e r e m a i n s a diversity of soil thus _ affects of our lives intended to introduce _ comprises of large despite their small size. _ considerable lack of _ common invertebrates number of soil insects All kind of natural and knowledge on the _ _ that are typically found including many ground _ modified, terrestrial and a b u n d a n c e a n d on the soil surface _ distribution of soil insect _ dwelling insects those aquatic, ecosystem _ around Washim region. at an individual and a a r e f u n c t i o n a l l y _ support communities of The study is carried out _ _ community level. Grass i m p o r t a n t t o t h e _ insect that presents a for period of 7 months biodiversity Imam et.al , bewildering variety of land soil support a _ _ _ that is July 2016 to (2016) With over 1 life style form and diverse range of insect, J a n u a r y 2 0 1 7 a n d _ many of which are direct _ million different species function Gullan and _ reported 12 soil insects in the world soil insects _ Cranston (2010). Soil pest of grass or nearby belonging to 11 families _ _ crops (eg.wireworms) h a v e s u c c e s s f u l l y _ Insect come on this and 7 order. c o l o n i ze d a g r e a t earth about 250 million w h e n p r e s e n t i n _ _ _ Available online at www.lsrj.in 1 STUDIES ON SOIL INSECT FAUNA OF WASHIM REGION MAHARASHTRA, INDIA Volume - 6 | Issue - 3 | December - 2016 sufficient number conversely, the stable habitat that grassland can provide a reservoir of generalist natural enemies Johnson et al., (2013). There are several possible mechanisms through which soil community diversity could contribute to soil insect diversity. First, soil insects could simply increase the diversity of plant species available to herbivores. Second, soil insects could contribute to phenotypic variation within species by modifying plant size or quality Alison et al., (2010) soil insects are responsible for performing vital functions in the soil ecosystem which have direct interactions with the biological, atmospheric and hydrological systems. Soil insects are the primary agents of nutrient cycling, regulating the dynamics of soil organic matter, soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions, modifying soil physical structure Bijlmakers, (1995). Soil Insect diversity is also drive of plant diversity Houston, (1979) suggested that plant diversity is a product of variation in the rate at which different plant species. Soil Oribatid Mite Fauna of Western Vidarbha, Maharashtra India was investigated by Acharya and Basu (2015) in which 15 species under 12 genera belonging to 10 families of soil oribatid mites were found. The study of biodiversity of some insect fauna in different coastal habitat of Tamil Nadu, Southeast coast of India was carried out by Srinivasan et al., (2014) and recorded a total of 929 insects belong to 23 families and 6 orders. Madhumitha et al., (2013) Observed Patterns of Insect Abundance and Distribution in Urban Domestic Gardens in Bangalore, India they recorded a large number of insects, 2,185 insects from 10 orders, of which ants, bugs, beetles and flies were the most common. Uniyal and Mathur, ( 1998 ) investigated on the Species Diversity among selected insects group of Great Himalayan National Park and observed 6 orders belonging to 37 families and 108 genera with 125 species. The soil is a complex of many factors which separately and conjugated are of vital importance to soil insects life Jennings, (1906). Soil inhabiting insects such as ants improve soil texture and aeration. Habitats types include polar, temperature, subtropical the terrestrial vegetation type may be forest, steppe, and grassland semi-arid or desert. There is a need to study of biodiversity of soil insects in Washim region and their diversity from this region as the study of soil insects play a important ecological role in forest, garden and farmland ecosystem.