Appendix 20.1: Environmental and Social Impacts of Associated Facilities: Russkaya Compressor Station (CS) URS-EIA-REP-204635 Table of Contents 1 Introduction 79 1.1 Approach and Objectives ...................................................................................... 79 1.2 Assumptions and Limitations ................................................................................. 80 2 Russkaya CS Description 81 2.1 Russkaya CS Project Area ..................................................................................... 81 2.2 Russkaya CS Design ............................................................................................. 84 2.3 Russkaya CS Components ..................................................................................... 84 2.3.1 Inlet Unit ................................................................................................. 85 2.3.2 Gas Treatment Unit .................................................................................. 85 2.3.3 Monoethylene Glycol Injection Unit ........................................................... 85 2.3.4 Gas Compressor Works............................................................................. 86 2.3.5 Gas Flow Rate Metering Unit ..................................................................... 86 2.3.6 Access Roads ........................................................................................... 86 2.3.7 Gas Processing Unit (GPU) ........................................................................ 86 2.3.8 Power Supply ........................................................................................... 87 2.3.9 Heat Supply ............................................................................................. 87 2.3.10 Water Demand and Supply ...................................................................... 88 2.3.10.1 Construction .................................................................................... 88 2.3.10.2 Commissioning ................................................................................ 88 2.3.10.3 Operation ........................................................................................ 88 2.3.11 Wastewater Drainage and Treatment ........................................................ 89 2.3.11.1 Construction .................................................................................... 89 2.3.11.2 Commissioning ................................................................................ 89 2.3.11.3 Operation ........................................................................................ 89 2.3.12 Mechanical Repair Workshop .................................................................... 90 2.3.13 The Materials and Equipment Depot (MED) ............................................... 90 2.3.14 Diesel Fuel Storage Tanks ........................................................................ 90 2.3.15 Oil Storage .............................................................................................. 90 2.3.16 Vehicle Wash........................................................................................... 90 2.3.17 Fire Station ............................................................................................. 91 2.3.18 Landfill and Waste Facilities ..................................................................... 91 2.3.18.1 Construction .................................................................................... 91 2.3.18.2 Operation ........................................................................................ 91 2.4 Construction Phase ............................................................................................... 91 2.4.1 Indicative Construction Schedule............................................................... 91 2.4.2 Construction Works .................................................................................. 92 2.4.2.1 Construction Plant, Vehicles and Equipment ........................................ 93 2.4.2.2 Construction Materials ....................................................................... 93 2.5 Pre-Commissioning Phase ..................................................................................... 94 URS-EIA-REP-204635 i Appendix 20.1 Environmental and Social Impacts of Associated Facilities: Russkaya Compressor Station (CS) 2.6 Commissioning Phase ........................................................................................... 94 2.7 Operational Phase ................................................................................................ 95 2.7.1 Monitoring and Maintenance ..................................................................... 95 2.7.1.1 Pipeline ............................................................................................. 95 2.7.1.2 Gas Treatment Unit ............................................................................ 95 2.7.1.3 Gas Compressor Works ...................................................................... 95 2.7.1.4 Gas Metering Station .......................................................................... 95 2.7.1.5 Gas Processing for Internal Needs ...................................................... 95 2.7.1.6 Supporting Facilities ........................................................................... 96 2.8 Assessment of Alternatives ................................................................................... 96 2.8.1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 96 2.8.2 Specially Protected Areas .......................................................................... 98 2.8.2.1 Arkhipo-Osipovka Alternative .............................................................. 98 2.8.2.2 Russkaya Alternative .......................................................................... 99 2.8.3 Rare and Protected Species ...................................................................... 99 2.8.4 Geohazards ............................................................................................. 99 2.8.5 Other Considerations ................................................................................ 99 2.8.6 Conclusions ........................................................................................... 100 3 Russkaya CS EIA Standards and IFC Gap Analysis 100 3.1 Russian EIA Standards ........................................................................................ 100 3.2 Russkaya CS EIA and IFC Performance Standard Benchmarking ............................ 100 4 Summary of Russkaya CS Environmental and Social Impacts, Benchmarking and Consideration of Combined Impacts with the Project 102 4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 102 4.2 Soil, Surface Water and Groundwater .................................................................. 103 4.2.1 Summary of Russkaya CS Impacts - Construction and Operation ............... 103 4.2.1.1 Construction and Pre-Commissioning Phase ...................................... 103 4.2.1.2 Operational Phase ........................................................................... 104 4.2.2 Russkaya CS Design Controls and Mitigation ............................................ 104 4.2.3 Russkaya CS EIA Assessment Gaps and Benchmarking Against IFC Performance Standards ....................................................................................... 106 4.2.4 Combined Impacts of Russkaya CS and Project Development and Combined Impact Management .......................................................................................... 106 4.2.4.1 Combined Impacts ........................................................................... 106 4.2.4.2 Mitigation and Management - Combined ........................................... 107 4.3 Air Quality.......................................................................................................... 107 4.3.1 Summary of Russkaya CS Impacts - Construction and Operation ............... 107 4.3.1.1 Construction and Pre-Commissioning Phase ...................................... 107 4.3.1.2 Operational Phase ........................................................................... 108 4.3.2 Russkaya CS Design Controls and Mitigation ............................................ 108 ii URS-EIA-REP-204635 4.3.3 Russkaya CS EIA Assessment Gaps and Benchmarking Against IFC Performance Standards ....................................................................................... 109 4.3.4 Combined Impacts of Russkaya CS and Project Development and Combined Impact Management .......................................................................................... 110 4.3.4.1 Combined Impacts ........................................................................... 110 4.3.4.2 Mitigation and Management - Combined ........................................... 113 4.4 Greenhouse Gases ............................................................................................. 113 4.4.1 Summary of Russkaya CS Impacts - Construction and Operation ............... 113 4.4.2 Russkaya CS Design Controls and Mitigation ............................................ 113 4.4.3 Russkaya CS EIA Assessment Gaps and Benchmarking Against IFC Performance ...................................................................................................... 114 4.4.4 Combined Impacts of Russkaya