PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT NYASA DISTRICT COUNCIL PROFILE - 2015 NYASA DISTRICT COUNCIL P.O. Box 90 MBAMBA BAY, RUVUMA JUNE 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS...............................................................................................i. LIST OF TABLES.........................................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES.....................................................................................................vii LIST OF MAPS...........................................................................................................vii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACCRONYMS....................................................................viii SECTION ONE 1.0 PHYSICAL LOCATION, TOPOGRAPHY, CLIMATE AND DRAINAGE, LAND AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS......................................1 1.1 Physical location..............................................................................................1 1.2 Land area........................................................................................................5 1.3 Administrative units.........................................................................................5 1.4 Demographic characteristics...........................................................................6 1.5: Topography and climate..................................................................................8 1.6: Vegetation.......................................................................................................9 1.7: Drainage system...........................................................................................10 1.8: Agro-economic and ecological zones............................................................10 SECTION TWO 2.0: THE ECONOMY...............................................................................................13 2.1 Overview............................................................................................................13 2.2 District GDP and Per Capita GDP:.....................................................................13 2.3 Productive Sectors............................................................................................13 2.3.1 Agriculture.......................................................................................................13 2.3.1.1 Cash crops:..................................................................................................15 2.3.1.2. Food crops:.................................................................................................18 2.3.1.3 Farm implements and inputs........................................................................19 2.3.1.4. Irrigation schemes:......................................................................................20 2.3.1.5. Food Storage Facilities:..............................................................................21 2.3.2 Livestock:......................................................................................................22 2. 3.3 Natural Resources..........................................................................................23 i 2.3.3.1. Fisheries......................................................................................................23 2.3.3.2 Wildlife and Tourism...................................................................................25 2.3.3.3 Forestry........................................................................................................27 2.3.3.4. Beekeeping.................................................................................................27 2.3.4 Industrial Development...................................................................................29 2.3.5 The Land Sector..............................................................................................29 SECTION THREE 3.0: ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE................................................................39 3.1: Road Network................................................................................................39 3.1.1: Overview.......................................................................................................39 3.1.2: Nyasa District Council's Road Network by Classification...............................39 3.1.3: Road Passability ......................................................................................41 3.1.4: Productivity of Nyasa District Council's Road Network..................................41 3.2: Air Services......................................................................................................42 3.3: Telecommunication Services............................................................................42 3.3.1: Telephone services........................................................................................42 3.3.2: Radio Call Stations.........................................................................................42 3.3.3: Television.......................................................................................................42 3.4: Energy Sector...................................................................................................42 3.4.1: Electricty.........................................................................................................42 3.4.2: Fuel wood.......................................................................................................43 3.4.3: Fossil Fuels....................................................................................................43 SECTION FOUR 4.0: SOCIAL SERVICES.........................................................................................44 4.1: THE HEALTH SECTOR...................................................................................44 4.1.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................44 4.1.2. Health facilities...............................................................................................45 4.1.3. Life Expectancy..............................................................................................50 ii 4.1.4 Infant and Under Five Mortality.......................................................................52 4.1.5 Maternal Mortality............................................................................................52 4.1.6 mmunization of Children................................................................................52 4.1.7 Chidlren Malnutrition.......................................................................................55 4.1.8 HIV/AIDS.........................................................................................................56 4.1.9. Tuberculosis and Leprosy..............................................................................57 4.1.10. Epidemics.....................................................................................................57 4.2.: EDUCATION SECTOR...................................................................................58 4.2.2: Pre- primary education .................................................................................60 4.2.3: Primary School Education.............................................................................60 4.2.3.1 Number of Schools and Enrolment Rate.....................................................60 4.2.3.2: Primary School Enrolment:.........................................................................61 4.2.3.3: Education Facilities.....................................................................................62 4.2.4: Secondary School Education.........................................................................65 4.2.4.1: Secondary School Enrolment.....................................................................65 4.2.4.2: Secondary School Facilities .......................................................................67 4.2.4.3: Secondary School P erf orma nce..................................................................68 4.3: WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION..............................................................68 4.3.1 water Resources.............................................................................................68 4.3.2 Water Sector Development.............................................................................68 4.3.3 Applicable Water Supply Technology for Nyasa District.................................69 4.3.4 Situation of Water Supply Services.................................................................69 4.3.5 Strategies for project development in rural areas...........................................72 4.3.6 The Management framework for water projects in rural areas.......................72 4.3.7 The Urban Water Supply and Sanitation........................................................72 4.3.8 Solid Waste Disposal......................................................................................72 SECTION FIVE 5.0: OTHER RELATED DEVELOPMENT ISSUES................................................75 5.1 Women in Development....................................................................................75 5.2: Youth in Development......................................................................................83 5.3 Cooperative Development.................................................................................87 iii 5.4 NGOs and CBOs...............................................................................................90