INTERNET – TCP/IP: KONSEP & IMPLEMENTASI Onno W. Purbo OnnoCenter Daftar Isi KATA PENGANTAR...........................................................................................................................9 BAB 1: Pendahuluan..........................................................................................................................10 TCP/IP dan Internet.......................................................................................................................10 Standar TCP/IP dan proses RFC....................................................................................................10 Badan Pengatur Internet............................................................................................................11 Proses pembentukan standar Internet........................................................................................13 Layanan di Internet...................................................................................................................14 Asumsi Peralatan / Sistem Operasi................................................................................................16 Referensi........................................................................................................................................17 BAB 2: Sejarah TCP/IP dan Internet..................................................................................................18 Evolusi TCP/IP dan Internet..........................................................................................................18 Awal Sejarah Internet Indonesia....................................................................................................22 Perjuangan Infrastruktur Internet Komersial Indonesia.................................................................24 Infrastruktur Internet Rakyat.........................................................................................................25 BAB 3: Konsep Dasar TCP/IP...........................................................................................................28 Dasar Arsitektur TCP/IP................................................................................................................28 Referensi........................................................................................................................................33 BAB 4: Teknik Penghayatan Kerja TCP/IP........................................................................................34 Packet Sniffer di Linux/Unix.........................................................................................................34 Packet Sniffer di Windows.............................................................................................................34 Instalasi Wireshark di Linux..........................................................................................................35 Mengoperasikan Wireshark...........................................................................................................35 Referensi........................................................................................................................................43 BAB 5: Komponen Fisik Jaringan Internet........................................................................................44 Kabel Penghubung.........................................................................................................................45 Teknologi Wireless.........................................................................................................................48 Kartu Jaringan & Sambungan Jaringan.........................................................................................50 Cara Kerja Ethernet.......................................................................................................................51 Router.............................................................................................................................................52 Referensi........................................................................................................................................53 BAB 6: Lapisan Protokol Data Link..................................................................................................54 Komunikasi Asinkron Yang Paling Sederhana..............................................................................54 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)........................................................................................................55 Local Area Network.......................................................................................................................56 WLAN: Wireless LAN IEEE 802.11.............................................................................................57 Paket Radio....................................................................................................................................60 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)..............................................................................................61 BAB 7: Internet Layer (IPv4).............................................................................................................66 Internet Protocol versi 4.................................................................................................................67 Format IP Address versi 4..............................................................................................................69 Bentuk biner..............................................................................................................................69 Bentuk dotted decimal..............................................................................................................69 IP address versi 4 dan artinya........................................................................................................69 IP Address, Subnetmask dan Subnetting.......................................................................................70 Dunia Menurut RFC 950 – Cara Lama.....................................................................................70 Pengalokasian IP address..........................................................................................................72 Aturan dasar pemilihan network ID dan host ID.................................................................72 Contoh konfigurasi Valid dan Tidak Valid...........................................................................73 Konfigurasi Network Interface.................................................................................................74 Mendefinisikan interface......................................................................................................75 Menyalakan dan mematikan interface..................................................................................76 Dunia Menurut RFC 1812 – Cara Baru....................................................................................76 Subnetting, Bit By Bit..........................................................................................................78 Aritmatika Biner..............................................................................................................78 Logika Boolean dan Operasi Biner “AND”....................................................................81 Subnet “Mask”.................................................................................................................82 Notasi “Slash”..................................................................................................................83 Trik Menghitung Subnet..................................................................................................84 Trik Mengetahui Range Address di Jaringan.................................................................................84 Penghematan IP address NAT dan PAT.........................................................................................85 Alokasi IP Addess Secara Dinamis................................................................................................88 Cara Beroperasi DHCP.............................................................................................................89 Membangun DHCP Server di Linux.........................................................................................91 Referensi........................................................................................................................................93 BAB 8: Internet Layer (IPv6).............................................................................................................94 Apakah IPv6?.................................................................................................................................94 Penampakan IPv6..........................................................................................................................94 Perbandingan dengan IPv4............................................................................................................96 Format Paket IP versi 6..................................................................................................................98 Tipe alamat pada IP versi 6..........................................................................................................100 IPv6 Address : Alamat tanpa special prefix............................................................................100 IPv6 address dengan IPv4 address yang