BULLETIN OF MARINE SCENCE, 67(1): 449-463, 2000 NEW TAXA PAPERt EUNICE AND PALOLA (EUNICIDAE: POLYCHAETA) FROM THE EASTERN BRAZILIAN COAST (I3Y0O(-22°303) Joana Zanol, Paulo CesarPaiva and Fabianoda SilvaAttolini ABSTRACT Seventeen species of Eunicidae belonging to the genera Eunice and Palolawere found on the eastem Brazilian Coast. Among them are two new species: Eunice marcusi and Palola brasiliensis. The coast line is domninated by calcareous bottoms and its fauna is one of the poorest known in the western Atlantic. The eastern Brazilian coast polychaete fauna is among the least known in the western Atlantic. The coast (ca 13 0 0'-22'30'S) is dominated by biogenic calcareous bottoms of living and dead algae, coral reefs and other biodetritic fragments (Lana, 1996). This sub- strate is suitable for reef-boring organisms, such as Eunicidae which is the dominant polychaete family in the area. Despite their large body size and the large number of char- acters, eunicid taxonomy is quite problematic. Several original descriptions were rather brief, leading to a great number of indeterminable species. Fauchald (1992a,b) reviewed the genera Eunice and Palola and redescribed them in a more realistic framework that allowed for the identification of many rare species previously reported as synonyms of 'well known' species. Hence, in this study, of the total of 17 species recorded, two are new: Eunice marcusi and Palola brasiliensis, and many are known only from original description or very few samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS Material used for this study was collected by oceanographic surveys using the vessels: HV AN- TARES (Diretoria de Hidrografia e Navegacao-Brazilian Navy) and SV ASTRO-GAROUPA (PETROBRAS). Location and depth of sampling stations are presented in Tables 1, 2 and 3. Sam- pling gear included Van Veen grabs, dredges and beam trawls. Shallow water samples (intertidal to 10 m) were collected by SCUBA. All samples were sieved (0.5 mm mesh-size) on board ship and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. All material, including holotypes and paratypes, were deposited at the Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IBUFRJ). SYSTEMATICS Eunice cariboea Grube, 1856 Eunice cariboea Grube, 1856: 57; Fauchald, 1992a: 98-102, figs. 29g-q. Eunice (Nicidion) cariboea Hartmnan, 1944: 123-124, pl. 7: figs. 157-163, pl. 8: fig. 178; Nonato and Luna, 1970: 83, fig. 59. Nicidion incerta Hansen, 1882: 8, pl. 2: figs. 19-21. MaterialExamined.-sta. 25BT, 1 spec.; sta. 35VV, I spec.; sta. lOC, 3 spec.; sta. 1 C, 2 spec.; sta. lSC, 2 spec.; sta. 16C, I spec.; sta. 21C, 3 spec.; sta. 29 C, 3 spec.; sta. 32C, 449 450 BULLETIN 0F MARINE SCIENCE, V'OL. 67, NO. 1, 2000 Table 1. Station list of the Bacia de Campos Program. Stations Depth (in) Longitude Latitude Sediment St. 3W 20 21° 20'42"S 400 3542"W biodetritic calcareous St. loW 40 21° 4148"S 400 20'42"W medium sand St. 12W 70 210 42'50"S 400 1 1'06"W biodetritic calcareous St. 15W 25 220 10'40"S 410 39'15"W fine sand St. 23W 15 220 22'03"S 410 40'48"W coarse sand St. 25W 30 220 23'20"S 410 18'50"W fine sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 28W 60 220 2432"S 400 43'47"W biodetritic calcareous St. 30W 18 220 35'36"S 41" 55'06"W coarse sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 31W 150 220 54'53"S 400 47'58"W biodetritic calcareous St. 32W 40 220 40'47'S 410 43'57"W very fine sand St. 50W 135 230 3742"S 410 23'58"W biodetritic calcareous St. 2S 27 210 21'02"S 400 42'45"W medium sand St. 3S 29 21° 21'08"S 40° 35'01"W biodetritic calcareous St. 9S 23 210 40'02"S 400 32'46"W coarse sand St. lOS 44 21° 41'25"S 400 20'46"W medium sand St. 15S 30 22 10'34"S 400 58'55"W coarse sand St. 21S 98 220 06'52"S 400 05'01"W biodetritic calcareous St. 25S 38 22° 23'43"S 41° 19'08"W fine sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 27S 48 220 24'05"S 410 05'08"W biodetritic calcareous St. 28S 69 220 25'55"S 400 42'44"W biodetritic calcareous St. 29S 106 220 25'50"S 400 35'27"W biodetritic calcareous St. 30S 20 220 35'47"S 410 35'01"W coarse sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 32S 47 22° 40'35"S 410 43'21"W medium sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 35S 71 220 55'22"S 41° 13'15"W biodetritic calcareous St. 37S 110 230 03'44"S 400 5547W biodetritic calcareous St. 43S 98 230 16'15"S 410 15'15"W biodetritic calcareous 1 spec.; sta. 15 W, 1 spec.; sta. 30W, 1 spec.; sta. 32W, 3 spec.; sta. 2S, 1 spec.; Abrolhos- 10 m, 3 spec.; Abrolhos/Siniba-3 m, 10 spec.; Abrolhos/Redonda-intertidal, 6 spec. Remarks.-The start of the subacicular hooks in part of this material differs from that reported previuosly. They begin from setiger 25 to up to setiger 48, showing a greater variation (26 to 32) than observed by Fauchald (1992a). The only abranchiate species whose subacicular hooks appear this far posteriorly is E. imogena, also described from the eastern Brazilian coast by Monro (1924), which has hooks beginning after setiger 50. All other characters are very similar in all specimens analyzed, including the inflated body of the anterior region (setigers 9-10), the color pattern and antennal size and width. Distributionon the Brazilian Coast.--Rio de Janeiro, Espirito Santo, Bahia, Sergipe and Alagoas States, from intertidal to 105 m, associated with calcareous algae and sand bottoms. Eunice donathi Carrera-Parra and Salazar-Vallejo, 1998 Eunice donathi Carrera-Parra and Salazar-Vallejo, 1998: 150, figs. If-k. MaterialExamined.-sta. 8C, 1 spec.; sta. 1 8C, 3 spec.; sta. 24C, 2 spec.; sta. 29C, 4 spec.; sta. 33C, I spec.; sta. 35C, I spec.; sta. 3S, I spec. ZANOI. ET AL.: EUNICIDAE FROM THE EASTERN BRAZILIAN COAST 451 Table 2. Station list of the REVIZEE Program and locations. Stations Depth (m) Longitude Latitude Sediment St. 3BT 82 220 52'42"S 41° 09'15"W sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 21BT 56 20° 38'00'S 40° Ol'OO"W silt with biodetritic calcareous St. 25BT 45 190 59'54"S 390 54'09"W biodetritic calcareous St. 2D 82 220 53'16"S 410 09'15"W mud St. 3D 82 220 52'40"S 41° 09'15"W sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 6D 60 220 ] 8'01 " 400 48'50"W sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 7D 60 220 19'58"S 400 50'54"W sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 23D 37 200 21'17"S 400 05'49"W calcareous algae St. 32D 22 180 52'28"S 390 35'25"W sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 39D 90 190 28'33"S 380 22'28"W calcareous mud St. 21VV 27 280 38'14"S 400 01'18"W calcareous mud St. 33VV 28 180 53'16"S 390 13'52"W biodedritic calcareous St. 35VV 25 180 52'00"S 38° 58'00"W biodetritic calcareous St. 2C 50 130 38'26"S 380 45'40"W biodedritic calcareous St. 5C 50 15° 34'11"S 380 51'36"W biodetritic calcareous St. 7C 58 160 19'55"S 380 14'39"W sand with biodetritic calcareous St. 8C 50 17" 34'21"S 380 25'21"W biodetritic calcareous St. IOC 50 170 05'54"S 360 45'08"W biodetritic calcareous St. IIC 50 170 03'59'S 360 48'28"W calcareous algae St. 12C 50 170 02'24"S 370 36'26"W calcareous algae St. 13C 40 160 4714"S 380 41'33"W calcareous algae St. 14C 66 170 47'49"S 350 5250"W calcareous algae St. 15C 60 180 01'22"S 35" 53'28"W calcareous algae St. 16C 53 180 01'24"S 370 21'55"W calcareous algae St. 17C 55 180 34'00"S 380 04'00"W biodetritic calcareous St. 18C 65 180 3537"S 370 54'45"W biodetritic calcareous St. 20C 67 190 16'08"S 380 00'54"W biodetritic calcareous St. 21C 55 20° 42'21"S 35° 27'25"W calcareous algae St. 22C 110 200 36'13"S 350 51'25"W calcareous algae St. 24C 62 200 21'03"S 360 38'14"W calcareous algae St. 25C 65 190 31'11"S 38° 46'06"W calcareous algae St. 27C 60 190 4536"S 390 31'36"W calcareous algae St. 28C 54 190 48'47"S 370 56'33"W calcareous algae St. 29C 58 19° 48'01 "S 370 46'22"W calcareous algae St. 30C 50 280 08'46"S 370 29'06"W biodetritic calcareous St. 32C 54 200 40'24"S 370 42'37"W calcareous algae St. 33C 55 200 35'03"S 380 04'55"W calcareous algae St. 34C 55 26° 46'02"S 400 05'59"W calcareous algae St. 35C 55 200 52'00"S 400 10'00"W calcareous algae St. 36C 52 210 31'00"S 400 18'00"W calcareous algae St. 37C 60 220 22'10"S 370 35'31"W calcareous algae St. 44C 65 200 51'24"S 330 38'34"W calcareous algae St.