U.S. PARTICIPATION IN THE UNITED NATIONS AN GOVERNMENT U.N. REFORM Storagec UMENTS P 2 7 1979 FARRELL L’^RARY KAN6AS STATE UNIVERSITY JJ RING BEFO R E T H E SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS O F TH E COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NINE TY -SIXTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION PAR T II Peacekeeping and Dispute Settle me nt JUNE 14, 1979 rr in te d fo r the use of the Com mittee on Foreign Affairs KSU LIBRARIES KSU U.S . GOVER NM EN T PR IN T IN G O FFIC E 4'J-8O< W ASH IN GTON : 19 79 COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFF AIR S CL EM EN T J. ZABLOCK1, Wisconsin, Chairm an L . B . FOUN TA IN, N ort h Carolina WILLIAM S, BR OO MFIEL D, Michigan DANT E B. FA SCEL L, Florida ED WA RD J. D ER W IN SK I, Illinois CH AR LE S C. DIGG S, J b., Michigan PA UL F IN DLEY. Illinois BE NJAM IN S. RO SE NT HA L, Now York JO HN H , BU CH AN AN , J r., Alabama LEE H . HAM ILTON , Indi ana LARRY WINN , Ja„ Kansas LES TE R L. WOLFF , New York BENJAM IN A. GIL MA N, New York JO NA TH AN B. BIN GHAM , Now York TE NN YS ON GUYER, Ohio G US YAT RO N, Pennsylvania ROBERT J. LAGOM AR SIN O, California CA RD ISS C OLLIN S. Illinois WILL IAM F. GO OD LING , Pennsylvania ST EPH EN J. S OLA RZ, New York JO EL P RIT C H A RD , Washington DO N BO NK ER , Washington MILL1CE NT F EN W IC K, New Jersey GERRY E. 8T UD D8 , Massachusetts DA N QU AY LE . Indiana AN DY IR EL AN D. Florida DO NA LD J. PEAS E, Ohio DA N M ICA, Florida MICHA EL D. BA RN ES , Maryland WILLIAM H. GR AY I H, P ennsylv ania TO NY P. H AL L, Ohio HOW ARD WOLP E, Michigan DAVID R. BOWEN, Mississippi FL OY D J. FITH IA N, Indi ana Jo in t J . IiiiADV, Jr, , C hie f ofS ta ff Sa n dra P . R ei xiia bd t , S ta ff Assi st ant Subcommittee on I nternational O rganizations DO N BO NKE R, W'ashlngton, Chairman TO NY P. HA LL, Ohio EDWA RD J. D ER WIN SK I, Illinois FLO YD J . FI TH IA N, In dia na DAN QU AY LE , I ndian a DAV ID R. BOWEN, Mississippi Alan E . V an E omosd, Subco mm ittee S ta ff Dire ct or Lawrence B. S uit, Minority S ta ff C ons ulta nt Carole A. G runbero , Subcommittee S ta ff Assoc iate Faribori 8. F atesu, Subcommittee S ta ff Associate ( I I I C O N T E N T S WITNESSES Page Hon. Charles William Maynes, Assistant Secretary for International Or­ ganizations Affairs, Department of State_________________________ 2 Robert Rosenstock, legal adviser, U.S. Mission to the United Nations___ 11 John Edwin Mroz, executive vice president, International Peace Academy, Inc------------ --------------------------------- -------------------------- --------38 Walter Hoffmann, chairman, the Campaign for U.N. Reform__________ 46 MATERIAL SUB MITTED FOR THE RECO RD Excerpt from the President’s Report on U.N. Reform, March 1978______ 15 Progress report on the President’s proposals for U.N. reform, prepared by Department of State_________________________________________ 17 Number of opinions rendered for the past 30 years by the International Court of Justice_____________________________________________ 33 APPEND IX Statement of Hon. Edward E. Henry, judge of superior court, (retired), Seattle, Wash., in support of President Carter’s Report on the Reform and Restructuring of the U.N. System, relating to fostering greater use of the International Court of Justice submitted on behalf of the Cam­ paign for U.N. Reform________________________________________ 59 (H I) PEA CEK EEP ING AND DISPUT E SETTLEMENT TH UR SD AY, JU N E 14, 197 9 H ou se of R epr es en ta ti ves , C om mi tt ee on F or eign Aff air s, Sub co mm itt ee on I nt er na tion al Org an izat ions , Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met at 2:10 p.m. in room 2200, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Don Bonker (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Mr. B onker . The Subcommittee on International Organizations will come to order. This is the second in a series of hearings on United Nations Reform. The first hearing on U.S. participation in the United Nations, spe­ cifically on the President’s 1978 Report on Reform and Restructuring of the System was held March 22nd. We had as our witnesses the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, Andrew Young, and the former U.S. Ambassador to that body, now Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Before we move into the subject matter of this session, I would like to first welcome our guests, diplomats from around the world, who are pa rt of the School of Advanced International Studies, and who are specifically sponsored by an agency of the United Nations. This seems to be an appropriate, timely hearing for their benefit. So, we welcome you to the subcommittee hearing. Today the subcommittee will focus its attention on another major area of the United Nations reform, that is the U.N.’s peacekeeping capability and the role and the use of the Security Council and International Court of Justice in the peaceful settlement of disputes. The U.N.’s efforts to maintain world peace and resolve disputes are two of its most important functions, and the subcommittee is vitally interested in these areas. The first part of the President’s U.N. Reform Report has devoted considerable attention to this topic and offered ways to improve the U.N.’s effectiveness in this area, such as the creation of a Special Peacekeeping Fund for a U.N. Peace­ keeping Reserve. The purpose of today’s hearing is to examine the role of the U.N. and maintenance of international peace and security, and to consider possibilities for improving and strengthening the U.N.’s peacekeeping role in dispute settlem ent capabilities, including proposals that have been advanced by the President’s report. We are privileged, as usual, to have appear as the lead off witness the Assistant Secretary of State for International Organizations, Mr. Maynes, who has been a reliable witness before this subcommittee (l) on past occasions, and today he will be accompanied by Mr. Robert Rosenstock, the legal adviser for the U.S. Mission to the United Nations. Are there others in your party, Mr. Maynes, that you would like to bring to the table, or ju st have as a resource? Laurel Shea? Mr. M aynes. Laurel Shea. Mr. B onkeu. Laurel Shea of the Office of U.N. Political Affairs. Secretary Maynes, the subcommittee is very interested in the U.N. reforms that have been advanced by the executive branch, and we would hope to move beyond the report to ways tha t would have tha t body fully implement some of the reforms, so that we can maintain the vitality and the effectiveness of the United Nations. We are pleased that you are here, and you may submit your pre­ pared statement for the record and summarize, or you may proceed by reading your statement. STATEMENT OF HON. CHARLES WILLIAM MAYNES, ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF STATE Air. Mavnes was born in 1938 in Huron, South Dakota and raised in Utah. He attended Harvard University graduating Magna Cum Lau de in 1960 in His­ tory. He was a Rhodes Scholar, studying at Oxford from 1960-62 where he earned First Class Honors in Politics, Philosophy, and Economics. In 1962 Mr. Maynes entered the Foreign Service. For the first tou r of service, he worked in the Dep artm ent of State on United Nations matters. He was tr ans­ ferred to Laos in 1964 where he w as the chief U.S. economist analyzing a m ulti­ national fund to support th e Lao currency. After a year’s Russian language study, Mr. Maynes was assigned to Moscow as an Economic/Coinmercial officer. In 1970, he became a Congressional Fellow initially working for Congressman Bradford Morse and subsequently for Senator Fred R. Harris whom he later served as Senior Legislative Assistant. He worked on Sargent Shriver’s issues staff during the 1972 Presidential campaign. Mr. Maynes began work for the Carnegie Endowment in 1972 as Director of the Internatio nal Organization Program and and in 1973 became the institution’s Secretary. Mr. Maynes is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the United Nations Association. He is a recipient of th e State Dep artm ent Meritorious Service Award. He speaks French and Russian. Mr. Maynes is m arried to the form er Gretche n Schiele and the couple has two children. Mr. M aynes. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. As you men­ tioned, I am accompanied by Ms. Shea and Mr. Rosenstock, who have represented the United States in many of the key U.N. bodies that are concerned with U.N. reform, and I am sure tha t the sub­ committee will benefit from their experience and wisdom on some of the questions which are concerning this committee. As you know, we have made a number of proposals and suggestions on U.N. reform in the President’s report.