TÜRK‹YE B‹YOET‹K DERNE⁄‹ TIP ET‹⁄‹NDEN B‹YOET‹⁄E EXPANDING MEDICAL ETHICS TO BIOETHICS Editörler / Editors Yeflim Ifl›l Ülman, Tamay Bafla¤aç Gül, Funda G. Kad›o¤lu, Gülay Y›ld›r›m, Zehra Edisan Türkiye Biyoetik Derne¤i Yay›n› No: XII Published by the Turkish Bioethics Association Ankara 2009 TÜRK‹YE B‹YOET‹K DERNE⁄‹ Birinci Bask›, Eylül 2009, Ankara TÜRK‹YE B‹YOET‹K DERNE⁄‹N‹N 13-15 Kas›m 2008 tarihinde Ankara’da gerçeklefltirdi¤i V. TIP ET‹⁄‹ KONGRES‹ bildirilerinin bilimsel makale halinde gelifltirilmifl kitab›d›r. Destekleyen Kurumlar / Sponsors Klinik Araflt›rmalar Derne¤i Bask› Haz›rl›k: Mucize Reklam Matbaac›l›k Tasar›m Hizmetleri Tel: (0312) 417 10 56 Bask› : RULO Matbaac›l›k San. Tic. Ltd. fiti. Tel: (0312) 312 50 75 ISBN : 978-975-7041-09-2 TÜRK‹YE B‹YOET‹K DERNE⁄‹ [email protected] • www.biyoetik.org.tr ‹Ç‹NDEK‹LER ÖNSÖZ ve TEfiEKKÜRLER........................................................................................... XI PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................... XIII TIP ET‹⁄‹NDEN B‹YOET‹⁄E / EXPANDING MEDICAL ETHICS TO BIOETHICS Yeflim Ifl›l ÜLMAN ...........................................................................................................................1 TÜRK‹YE B‹YOET‹K DERNE⁄‹ V. TIP ET‹⁄‹ KONGRES‹ AÇIfi KONUfiMASI Yaman ÖRS ....................................................................................................................................3 KONFERANSLAR / PLENARY LECTURES ..................................................................... 5 THE CONCEPT OF DIGNITY / Lennart NORDENFELT ...................................................................7 GLOBAL BIOETHICS and UNESCO / Henk ten HAVE ..................................................................15 CDBI, STEERING COMMITTEE ON BIOETHICS / Ergun ÖZSUNAY..............................................22 VETER‹NER HEK‹ML‹⁄‹ ve B‹YOET‹K / VETERINARY MEDICINE and BIOETHICS Ferruh D‹NÇER .............................................................................................................................30 "1987'den 2008'e TIBB‹ ET‹⁄‹N TÜRK‹YE SERÜVEN‹" ANKARA ÜN‹VERS‹TES‹ TIP FAKÜLTES‹ PERSPEKT‹F‹NDEN / “THE ADVENTURE of MEDICAL ETHICS in TURKEY from 1987 to 2008” A PERSONAL APPROACH Berna ARDA .................................................................................................................................39 HEMfi‹REL‹K ve ET‹K / NURSING and ETHICS Leyla D‹NÇ ...................................................................................................................................45 MAKALELER / ARTICLES ET‹K, B‹YOET‹K, TIP ET‹⁄‹ / ETHICS, BIOETHICS, MEDICAL ETHICS ........................................53 TIP ET‹⁄‹NDEN B‹YOET‹⁄E ‹LERLERKEN B‹YOET‹K UZMANI: SORUN KÜMES‹ M‹ ÇÖZÜM MÜ? / THE EXPERT of BIOETHICS on the ROAD LEADING FROM MEDICAL ETHICS to BIOETHICS: A NEW SET of PROBLEMS or A SOLUTION ‹lke Bezen AYDO⁄DU, Nesrin ÇOBANO⁄LU ................................................................................55 ET‹K ve AHLAK; SINIRLAR, KAPSAM, FARKLILIKLAR ve ‹L‹fiK‹LER ETHICS and MORALITY; LIMITS, SCOPE, DIFFERENCES and CONNECTIONS Abdulkadir MAHMUTO⁄LU, Nesrin ÇOBANO⁄LU ........................................................................63 FELSEF‹ BAKIfiLA B‹R MESLEK ET‹⁄‹ OLARAK “TIP ET‹⁄‹” MEDICAL ETHICS AS A PROFESSIONAL ETHICS WITH PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH Berfin KART, Nesrin ÇOBANO⁄LU...............................................................................................71 SA⁄LIK PROFESYONELLER‹N ET‹K KAVRAMINDAN ANLADIKLARI ve KURAMSAL ET‹K ÇALIfiMASI YAPANLARDAN BEKLED‹KLER‹ THE CONCEPT of “ETHICS” ACCORDING to HEALTH PROFESSIONALS and THEIR DEMANDS from THEORETICAL MEDICAL ETHICISTS Gülay YILDIRIM, Selim KADIO⁄LU, Haldun SÜMER ......................................................................76 IV TÜRK‹YE B‹YOET‹K DERNE⁄‹ FELSEF‹ BAKIfiLA TIP ET‹⁄‹ SORUN KÜMELER‹N‹N SANAT ESERLER‹NDE YANSIMASI THE REFLECTION of DILEMMAS of MEDICAL ETHICS ›n the WORKS of ART, EVALUATED from A PHILOSOPHICAL POINT of VIEW Berfin KART, Nesrin ÇOBANO⁄LU...............................................................................................88 TÜRK‹YE’DE TIP TAR‹H‹ ve TIP ET‹⁄‹ ALANLARININ B‹RL‹KTEL‹⁄‹NE ‹L‹fiK‹N B‹R GRUP UZMANIN GÖRÜfiLER‹ / VIEWS of A GROUP of EXPERTS on the UNION of THE FIELDS of HISTORY of MEDICINE AND MEDICAL ETHICS in TURKEY Z. G. BAYKARA, C. ‹ZG‹, M. GÜN, M. ÇOBAN, M. KAHVEC‹, Y. AYDINTU⁄, S. B‹LG‹C‹, S. fiAH‹NO⁄LU .........................................................................................................92 HAYVAN HAKLARI, VETER‹NER HEK‹ML‹⁄‹ ve ET‹K ANIMAL RIGHTS, VETERINARY MEDICINE and ETHICS ...........................................97 HESIODOS’UN HAYVANLARI (B‹R ‹L‹fiK‹YE TAR‹HTEN ve YEN‹DEN BAKIfi) HESIODOS’ ANIMALS Savafl Volkan GENÇ ......................................................................................................................99 YAfiAM – HAYVAN – ‹NSAN / LIFE-ANIMAL-HUMAN Atilla ÖZGÜR..............................................................................................................................106 VETER‹NER HEK‹ML‹⁄‹ ve EMPAT‹ / VETERINARY MEDICINE and EMPATHY Emine TÜRKMENO⁄LU..............................................................................................................114 HAYVAN DENEYLER‹NE ‹L‹fiK‹N YASAL DÜZENLEMELER NEDEN GEREKL‹D‹R? WHY ARE LEGAL REGULATIONS on ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS NECESSARY? Esin KARLIKAYA, ‹nci HOT, Ça¤atay ÜSTÜN..............................................................................118 TIBB‹ B‹L‹MSEL ARAfiTIRMALARDA HAYVAN DENEYLER‹N‹N ve HAYVAN DENEYLER‹ ET‹K KURULLARININ B‹YOET‹K AÇIDAN ‹NCELENMES‹ THE ROLE of ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS and the ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS ETHICS COMMITTEES in MEDICALSCIENTIFIC RESEARCH in A BIOETHICAL POINT of VIEW Nesrin ÇOBANO⁄LU, ‹lke Bezen AYDO⁄DU, Güzin Yasemin TUNÇAY..........................................126 TIBB‹ UYGULAMALARIN SINIRLARI / BORDERS of MEDICAL PRACTICE ................................135 TIBB‹ B‹R KÖTÜYE KULLANIM ALANI OLARAK D‹YET: ET‹K B‹R YAKLAfiIM DIET AS A MEDICAL PRACTICE OPEN to MALPRACTICE: AN ETHICAL APPROACH Hakan ERT‹N..............................................................................................................................137 TEKNOLOJ‹ VE ET‹K / TECHNOLOGY and ETHICS ..................................................................143 TELERADYOLOJ‹ UYGULAMALARINDA ET‹K SORUNLAR ETHICAL ISSUES IN TELERADIOLOGY Mahmut GÜRGAN.......................................................................................................................145 ÇEVRE ET‹⁄‹ / ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS................................................................151 B‹YOET‹K ÇERÇEVES‹NDE ÇEVRE POL‹T‹KALARI ve KATILIMCILIK ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES and PUBLIC PARTICIPATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK of BIOETHICS / Nesrin ÇOBANO⁄LU, Arzu ÖZYOL............................................153 TÜRK‹YE B‹YOET‹K DERNE⁄‹ V B‹YOET‹K B‹R DE⁄ER OLARAK KENT KÜLTÜRÜ ÖGELER‹N‹N SA⁄LIKLI KENTLERDE YANSIMASI THE REFLECTION of THE ELEMENTS of URBAN CULTURE AS A BIOETHICAL VALUE on “HEALTHY” CITIES Sibel GAZ‹, Nesrin ÇOBANO⁄LU ................................................................................................163 B‹YOET‹K B‹R MESELE OLARAK SUYA ER‹fi‹M HAKKI THE RIGHT of ACCESS (ABILITY) to WATER AS A BIOETHICAL PROBLEM Hakan REYHAN, Nesrin ÇOBANO⁄LU .......................................................................................175 ÖZERKL‹K / AUTONOMY ..........................................................................................187 “B‹LG‹LEND‹R‹LM‹fi RIZA YÖNETMEL‹⁄‹ TASLA⁄I”: TIP ET‹⁄‹ VE HUKUK AÇISINDAN B‹R DE⁄ERLEND‹RME / A MEDICAL ETHICAL and LEGAL EVALUATION of THE “INFORMED CONSENT REGULATION DRAFT Murat Civaner, Ümit Erdem..........................................................................................................189 TEDAV‹Y‹ SÜRDÜRME ÖDEV‹ M‹, TEDAV‹Y‹ RED HAKKI MI ? TÜRK‹YE’DE TEDAV‹Y‹ RED HAKKINA ‹L‹fiK‹N YASAL ÇERÇEVES‹N‹N TIP ET‹⁄‹ AÇISINDAN DE⁄ERLEND‹R‹LMES‹ THE DUTY of CONTINUING THE THERAPY or THE RIGHT of REFUSING THE THERAPY? AN EVALUATION of THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK in TURKEY CONCERNING THE RIGHT of REFUSING THE THERAPY from A MEDICAL ETHICS PERSPECTIVE Tolga GÜVEN, Gürkan SERT.......................................................................................................201 AYDINLATILMIfi ONAMIN OSMANLI DEVLET‹’NDEK‹ ÖNCÜLLER‹ ve 1897 TÜRK-YUNAN SAVAfiI YARALILARINA A‹T ONAM BELGELER‹: HÜSN-‹ RIZA SENETLER‹ THE FORERUNNERS of INFORMED CONSENT in the OTTOMAN EMPIRE and the CONSENT DOCUMENTS of the WOUNDED from the GRECO-TURKISH WAR of 1897: THE CERTIFICATES of VOLUNTARY CONSENT Nuran Y›ld›r›m .............................................................................................................................206 SA⁄LIK ET‹⁄‹ ve HUKUKU / HEALTH CARE ETHICS and LAW .................................221 ULUSLARARASI EBEL‹K ET‹K KODLARI INTERNATIONAL MIDWEFERY ETHICS CODES Gülvin KUTBAY, Sultan ALAN, Filiz ATIfi, Gülay HAL‹D‹..............................................................223 SA⁄LIK MESLEKLER‹NDE ET‹K KODLAR: BENZERL‹KLER‹ ve FARKLILIKLARI CODES of ETHICS in HEALTH PROFESSIONS: SIMILARITIES and DIFFERENCES Selda OKUYAZ, Funda Gülay KADIO⁄LU ....................................................................................232 HASTA HAKLARI / PATIENT RIGHTS........................................................................241 DEMANSLI HASTALAR, HAKLAR ve ET‹K ‹K‹LEMLER DEMENTED PATIENTS, RIGHTS and ETHICAL