INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES ISSN: 22775005 Research Article Comparative Phytochemical Analysis of Leaf and Stem in Seismonastic Plants SP. Rothe and AU. Bathe Department of Botany, Shri Shivaji College of Arts, Commerce & Science, Akola, Maharashtra, India. ABSTRACT The present investigation was carried out, to evaluate the chemicals present in seismonastic plants. Specially Biophytum sensitivum of oxalidaceae family. Mimosa pudica, Neptunia triquetra of Mimosae family. All these three plants are traditionally used in medicine for different kinds of ailments. After critical study it was found that these plants show variation in presence of some kinds of chemicals while most of them show similarities like alkaloids, cardiac glycoside, terpenoids, saponins, steroids. Keywords: Phytochemical, seismonastic plants. INTRODUCTION HPLC with different detectors, such as Diode Phytochemical studies of the plant preparation Array Detector (DAD), Refractive Index are necessary for standardization which helps Detector (RID), Evaporative Light Scattering in the understanding of the significance of the Detector (ELSD), and Mass Spectrometric phytoconstituents in terms of their observed Detector (MSD) has been widely developed. activities. Phytochemistry also helps in And now these can be analyzed with the help standardizing the herbal preparations; So as to of HPLC, IR, NMR and GCMS spectroscopy. get the optimal concentration of known active “The movement is caused due to touch means constituent and in preserving their activities. In it requires a stimulus called as seismonastic a narrower sense the terms are often used to movement,” ex. Mimosa pudica.” describe the large number of secondary The plant used for study Biphytum sensitivum, metabolic compounds found in a plant. Many Mimosa pudica and Neptunia triquetra, after of these are known to provide protection investigation about the previous work carried against insect’s attacks and plant diseases. by workers is denoted that They also exhibited a number of protective Ambikabothya et al., (2011) studied efficacy functions for human consumers. evolution of Mimosa pudica tannin isolate Phytochemical techniques mainly applied to (MPT) for it anti-ophidian properties. the quality control of Chinese medicine or Gandhiraja et al., (2009) reported on herbal medicine of various chemical phytochemical screening and antimicrobial components, such as Saponins, alkaloids, activity of the plant extract of Mimosa pudica flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids and tannins. L. against selected microbe’s ethnobotanical Primarily these chemicals constituents can be leaflet. Kumar et al., (2011) reported that assessed by using some chemical tests just to evaluation of anticancer activity of Mimosa identify whether these are present or not. In pudica leaves against carbon tetrachloride the development of rapid and reproducible induced toxicity. Muthkumaran et al., (2011) analytical techniques, the combination of worked on invitro antmicrobial activity of leaf HPLC with different detectors such as Diode powder. Pal M. Roychoudhary et al., (1190) Array Detector (DAD), Refractive Index reported a lnovel tubulin from Mimosa pudica Detector (RID), Evaporative Light Scattering purification and characterization. Pal M. Detector (ELSD), Mass Spectrometric Roychoudhary et al., (1990) reported a novel Detector (MSD). Constituents can be tubulin from Mimosa pudica purification and assessed by using some chemical tests just to characterization. Rajendra, R. et al., (2010) identify whether these are present or not. In worked on hypolipidemic activity of chloroform the development of rapid and reproducible extract in leaves of Mimosa pudica. Robin et analytical techniques, the combination of al., they worked out the Effect of Ethephon, 1- Vol. 3 (2) Apr-Jun 2014 www.ijpcsonline.com 309 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES ISSN: 22775005 Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid and release of pus. The leaf paste is applied on the inhibitors of ethylene synthesis on the gravi- burst boils and itches for quick healing. The tropically induced movement of Mimosa leaf paste is applied on forehead to get relief pudica pulvinus. Robin et al., they worked out from headache and migraine. The leaf paste the Effect of Ethephon, 1-Aminocyclopropane- with honey is prescribed twice a day in empty 1-carboxylic Acid and inhibitors of ethylene stomach for 3-4 days for stomach and synthesis on the gravitropically induced intestinal worms. Whole plant useful in movement of Mimosa pudica pulvinus. Sai et treatment of diabetes, mixture of leaf powder al., (2011) worked efficacy of tannins form with gymnema Sylvestre reduces blood Mimosa pudica and tannic acid in neutralizing glucose. cobra (Naja Kaouthia) venom. Lin Y. L. et al. (2003) reported on chemical constituents of 3)Neptunia triquetra Benth Biophytum sensitivum. Toriyama et al., (1972) Fresh leaf juice is taken as refrigerant. studied migration of calcium and its role in the Culinary: - This plant is cultivated as a regulation of seisnonasty in the motor cell of vegetable in Southeast Asia (leaves and shoot Mimosa pudica Linn and Tridax procumbens have cabbage-like flavor). They young leaves for in vitro Antimicrobial Activity. Yao et al., shoot tips and young pods usually eaten raw (2008) worked on actin dynamics mediates the or in stir fries and curries such as Kaengsom. changes of calcium level during the pulvinus Neptunia stem is use as a stimulant young movement of Mimosa pudica. stem is cut and chewed. Astringent stem juice is poured into ear to get a relief from earache Traditional uses (Bhoomannarar et al., 2004). Young ends of 1)Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC stem are edible and usually eaten row as a The biophytum sensitivum is used as vegetable in Thailand and Cambodia and traditional folk medicine to treat numerous cultivated much like rice. Juice of the stem is diseases. Biophytum is used as a tonic and used for medicinal purposes. To cure earache stimulant. It is use for chest complaints, and symphilis shoot used in stir fry also eated convulsions, cramps and inflammatory tumors. mimosa. The whole plant is very good tonic Its ash is mixed with lime juice and given for particularly for those who are suffering from stomach ache. Its leaves are styptic; decoction Jaundice. of leaves is given for diabetes, asthma and phthisis. Brushed leaves applied to MATERIAL AND METHODS contusions. Plant decoction used for diabetes. The plants selected for study were as (1) Infusion of leaves use as expectorant. It is Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC (2) Mimosa used as antiasthma tic also used for scorpion pudica Linn and (3) Neptunia triquetra Benth. bites. It is used for tuberculosis. It is used All the selected plants were collected in Akola asthma and phthisis. Folk medicine used as district from Dr. PDKV, Akola and Katepurna diabetes. Wild Life century. By using standard flora like flora of Maharashtra state vol I B.D. Sharma 2) Mimosa pudica Linn 2002. Flora of Marathwada vol. I by V.N. Naik The Mimosa pudica used in treatment of 1998 and flora of Akola district 1988 S.Y. leprosy, dysentery, vaginal and uterine Kamble and S.G. Pradhan. The collected plant complaints, inflammation, burning sensation, material of leaves was air dried and grounded asthma, leucoderma and fatigue and blood well to obtain a homogenous fine grade disease. It is mainly use in herbal preparation powder. The treated powders were extracted for gynecological disorders. Brushed leaves with water, ethanol, petroleum ether and applied to contusions. Plant decoction used for chloroform successively at room temperature diabetes. Infusion of leaves used as for 3 days. Thirty gram of powdered material expectorant. As chhuimui leave used for was soaked in 300ml of water and alcohol. increasing the sexual potency in men in The solvent were filtered and evaporated at Kurukshetra District (Haryana), India. As a 370C under reducing pressure the percentage Laajavanti, its leaves are used for gravel and yield of extract from different solvent ranged other kidney diseases also for piles and pistula from 5-16%w/w. In the Sugar District Madhya Pradesh, India. As Punyo-sisa, leaves are used in Pillows to Preliminary Phytochemical Screening induce, sleep in children and the elderly in All the extracts such as water and alcohol of Ecuder. sensitive plant to routine qualitative chemical The warm leaf paste is applied around analysis to identify the nature of phytochemical furuncle, abscess and boils to burst and constituents present in them. Vol. 3 (2) Apr-Jun 2014 www.ijpcsonline.com 310 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES ISSN: 22775005 OBSERVATION AND RESULTS Phytochemical analysis of leaf powder Table 1: Preliminary phytochemical analysis for Biophytum sensitivum leaves powder by using water and alcohol Biophytum sensitivum S.No Phytochemical ( leaves Powder ) Dist. Water Alcohol 1 Alkaloids + + Cardiac 2 + + glycoside 3 Terpenoids + + 4 Reducing Sugar _ _ 5 Saponins _ _ 6 Tannin + _ 7 Flavonoids + + 8 Phenol + _ 9 Steroid _ _ 10 Coumarins + + 11 Quinones _ + Table 2: Some nutritive Biochemical in plant Biophytum sensitivum Biophytum sensitivum S.No Nutrients (leaves extract) Dist. Water Alcohol 1 Protein + + 2 Carbohydrate - - Table 3: Preliminary phytochemical analysis for Mimosa pudica leaves powder by using water and alcohol Mimosa pudica S.No Phytochemical ( leaves Powder ) Dist. Water Alcohol 1 Alkaloids + + Cardiac 2 + + glycoside 3 Terpenoids + +