ICES WGFTFB REPORT 2015 ACOM/SCICOM STEERING GROUP ON INTEGRATED ECOSYSTEM OBSERVATION AND MONITORING ICES CM 2015/SSGIEOM:22 REF. SCICOM & ACOM Second Interim Report of ICES-FAO Working Group on Fishing Technology and Fish Behaviour (WGFTFB) 4-7 May 2015 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer H. C. Andersens Boulevard 44–46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V Denmark Telephone (+45) 33 38 67 00 Telefax (+45) 33 93 42 15 www.ices.dk [email protected] Recommended format for purposes of citation: ICES. 2015. Second Interim Report of ICES-FAO Working Group on Fishing Technol- ogy and Fish Behaviour (WGFTFB), 4-7 May 2015, Lisbon, Portugal. ICES CM 2015/SSGIEOM:22. 183 pp. For permission to reproduce material from this publication, please apply to the Gen- eral Secretary. The document is a report of an Expert Group under the auspices of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and does not necessarily represent the views of the Council. © 2015 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea ICES WGFTFB REPORT 2015 | i Contents Executive summary ................................................................................................................ 1 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 3 2 Terms of Reference ........................................................................................................ 4 3 Participants ..................................................................................................................... 5 4 Explanatory note on meeting and report structure .................................................. 5 5 Open Session Presentations ........................................................................................ 6 5.1 Oral presentations................................................................................................. 6 5.1.1 Recent FAO activities related to the work of the FTFB ....................... 6 5.1.2 Introduction to Topic Group Non-extractive fisheries sampling (Non-Extractive Sampling) .................................................... 6 5.1.3 Attitudes and approaches of FTFB Working Group members to change in the fishing industry ........................................................... 7 5.1.4 How many fish need to be measured in trawl selectivity studies? ...................................................................................................... 7 5.1.5 The myth of improved selectivity .......................................................... 8 5.1.6 Size selectivity of selective devices unveiled by contact probability: separator panels (grid and window) of trawl and tooth space of dredge ....................................................................... 9 5.1.7 Escape panels in trawls – a consistent management tool? ............... 10 5.1.8 Manoeuvrable pelagic trawl doors ...................................................... 10 5.1.9 New approaches to bycatch reduction in bottom trawling for shrimps Pandalus borealis ....................................................................... 11 5.1.10 Can the rectangular mesh codends solve multispecies fishery selectivity problems? ................................................................ 11 5.1.11 Understanding and predicting size selection of European hake (Merluccius merluccius) for bottom trawl codends: a simulation-based approach .................................................................. 12 5.1.12 Development of concepts for reduction of flatfish catches in roundfish fisheries ................................................................................. 12 5.1.13 Environmentally friendly fishing gear with bio resin to reduce ghost fishing and bycatch of non target species. .................. 13 5.1.14 Danish seine – Ecosystem effects of fishing ....................................... 14 5.1.15 Catchability of Nephrops (Nephrops norvegicus) in creels. A study on the effect of orientation of the creel. .................................... 14 5.1.16 Recent discard survival experiments related to the EU discard ban - Technology and first findings ...................................... 15 5.1.17 Discard reduction in the Irish quad-rig Nephrops trawl fishery ...................................................................................................... 15 5.1.18 Change in the catch composition in a fishing community of northern Japan over last two decades –capture fishery needs to be adaptive to change in local ecosystem? ..................................... 16 ii | ICES WGFTFB REPORT 2015 5.1.19 Improving the catch efficiency for cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) during bottom trawling in the Barents Sea ................................................................................... 16 5.1.20 Possible applications of electrical pulses for a more selective fishery ...................................................................................................... 17 5.1.21 The Dynamic Simulation of the Pelagic Longline Retrieving .......... 18 5.1.22 A pilot project to audit commercial shrimp trawlers in Thailand .................................................................................................. 18 5.1.23 Fishing for food: simple changes in codend design improves the quality of fish products ................................................................... 19 5.1.24 Trials of ruffled small-meshed inner nets to reduce loss and clogging of small organ-isms in a pelagic survey trawl ................... 20 6 ToR a): Technical Innovation in Spreading Trawls .............................................. 20 6.1 General overview ................................................................................................ 20 6.2 Terms of Reference ............................................................................................. 21 6.3 List of participants .............................................................................................. 21 6.4 Individual presentations .................................................................................... 21 6.4.1 Manoeuvrable Trawl Doors ................................................................. 21 6.4.2 HydroRig II ............................................................................................. 22 6.4.3 Jumper Door ........................................................................................... 22 6.4.4 Seine Rope Dynamics ............................................................................ 23 6.4.5 Video Footage of Kite on Pelagic Survey Trawl ................................ 23 6.5 Discussion ............................................................................................................ 24 6.6 Main Outcomes ................................................................................................... 24 6.7 Recommendations .............................................................................................. 24 7 ToR b): Non-Extractive Sampling ............................................................................. 24 7.1 General overview ................................................................................................ 24 7.2 List of participants .............................................................................................. 25 7.3 Terms of reference .............................................................................................. 25 7.4 Main Outcomes ................................................................................................... 25 7.5 Recommendations .............................................................................................. 25 8 ToR c): Application of Change Management in the Fishing Industry .............. 26 8.1 General overview ................................................................................................ 26 8.2 List of participants .............................................................................................. 26 8.3 Terms of reference .............................................................................................. 27 8.4 Individual presentations .................................................................................... 28 8.4.1 Questionnaire Results ........................................................................... 28 8.4.2 Setting the Scene: Can a new approach to change in commercial fisheries provide additional benefit to fishers and others? .............................................................................................. 29 8.4.3 Tracking the Evolution of Ring seine Fishing System of India and Interventions to ensure sustainability of the fishery ................. 33 ICES WGFTFB REPORT 2015 | iii 8.4.4 VALDUVIS: integrated sustainability assessment by a cost- effective use of existing data and science-based indicators, affordable to any scale of fishery ......................................................... 34 8.4.5 Confessions of a developer ................................................................... 35 8.5 Discussion ............................................................................................................ 36 8.6 Main Outcomes ................................................................................................... 38 8.7 Recommendations .............................................................................................