Port Profiles Draft Report Houston-Galveston Area Council October 20, 2017 This page is intentionally left blank Port Profiles Houston-Galveston Area Council Contents 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Port Industry Background ............................................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Cargo Movement .................................................................................................................. 5 2.2 Vessel Sizes ......................................................................................................................... 6 3 Industry Trends.............................................................................................................................................................. 9 3.1 Infrastructure ........................................................................................................................ 9 3.2 Panama and Suez Canals .................................................................................................... 9 3.2.1 Panama Canal ....................................................................................................... 10 3.2.2 Suez Canal ............................................................................................................ 12 3.3 Trends ................................................................................................................................ 15 3.4 Trends and Impacts of Trade on Texas Ports ...................................................................... 20 3.4.1 Crude Oil and Refined Products ............................................................................. 20 3.4.2 Liquefied Gases ..................................................................................................... 24 3.4.3 Container Trade ..................................................................................................... 27 3.4.4 Cruise Trade .......................................................................................................... 39 3.4.5 Automotive ............................................................................................................. 39 3.5 Regional Historical Trends .................................................................................................. 43 4 Port of Houston Profile ................................................................................................................................................. 47 4.1 Description ......................................................................................................................... 47 4.2 Facilities ............................................................................................................................. 48 4.3 Statistics ............................................................................................................................. 48 4.4 Commodities and Trade Flows ........................................................................................... 49 4.5 Surface Transportation ....................................................................................................... 52 4.5.1 Railroads ............................................................................................................... 52 4.5.2 Highways ............................................................................................................... 54 4.5.3 Pipelines ................................................................................................................ 58 4.6 Growth and Development ................................................................................................... 60 5 Port of Galveston Profile .............................................................................................................................................. 62 5.1 Description ......................................................................................................................... 62 5.2 Facilities ............................................................................................................................. 62 5.3 Statistics ............................................................................................................................. 63 5.3.1 Cruise Ship Industry ............................................................................................... 63 5.4 Cargo Industry .................................................................................................................... 65 5.5 Commodities and Trade Flows ........................................................................................... 66 5.6 Surface Transportation ....................................................................................................... 67 5.6.1 Railroads ............................................................................................................... 67 5.6.2 Highways ............................................................................................................... 68 5.6.3 Pipeline .................................................................................................................. 69 5.7 Growth and Development ................................................................................................... 69 October 20, 2017 | i Port Profiles Houston-Galveston Area Council 6 Port of Texas City Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 71 6.1 Description ......................................................................................................................... 71 6.2 Facilities ............................................................................................................................. 71 6.3 Statistics ............................................................................................................................. 72 6.4 Commodities and Trade Flows ........................................................................................... 72 6.5 Surface Transportation ....................................................................................................... 75 6.5.1 Rail ........................................................................................................................ 75 6.5.2 Highways ............................................................................................................... 75 6.5.3 Pipeline .................................................................................................................. 75 6.6 Growth and Development ................................................................................................... 76 7 Port Freeport Profile .................................................................................................................................................... 77 7.1 Description ......................................................................................................................... 77 7.2 Facilities ............................................................................................................................. 77 7.3 Statistics ............................................................................................................................. 78 7.4 Commodities and Trade Flows ........................................................................................... 78 7.5 Surface Transportation ....................................................................................................... 81 7.5.1 Rail ........................................................................................................................ 81 7.5.2 Highways ............................................................................................................... 81 7.5.3 Pipelines ................................................................................................................ 82 7.6 Growth and Development ................................................................................................... 83 8 Port Interview and Contact List ..................................................................................................................................... 85 October 20, 2017 | ii Port Profiles Houston-Galveston Area Council Tables Table 2-1. US Department of Transportation (USDOT)/MARAD Capacities of Containerships Calling on Selected US Ports by TEU Per Vessel, 2015 .............................................................. 8 Table 3-1. Oceangoing Commercial Vessels Transiting the Panama Canal FY 2017 (October through June) ............................................................................................................................ 11 Table 3-2. Top 15 Countries by Origin and Destination of Cargo Transiting the Panama Canal FY 2016 ......................................................................................................................................... 12 Table 3-3. Vessel Transits by Type 2015-2016 ...................................................................................... 14 Table 3-4. Suez Canal Transit History 2000-2016 .................................................................................