Franklin County Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan April 2010 Prepared by HDR Engineering, Inc. Pasco, WA 2010 - Franklin County ISW Management Plan Acknowledgements Planning Participants City of Pasco: Mike Garrison, Tom Larsen and Staff: Jeff Adams City of Connell: Art Thacket City of Mesa: Cade Scott City of Kahlotus: Don Watt Waste Industry: Darrick Dietrich, BDI, Candy Thornhill, Poland and Sons; and Jim Bruce, Con-Agra Foods/Lamb Weston Benton Franklin Health Department: Rick Dawson, Kay Rotell and Jim Coleman Washington Department of Ecology: Jim Wavada Franklin County Citizen Representative: Todd Samuel and Brad Smallridge Franklin County Commission: Rick Miller Franklin County Public Works: Tim Fife, Guy Walters and Sally McKenzie HDR (Pasco Office): Sharon Edgar, Ben Floyd, Mike Murray and Jack Clark 2010 - Franklin County ISW Management Plan Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms Glossary of Terms Executive Summary 1 Introduction 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Planning Authorities ........................................................................................... 1-2 1.2.1 Role of Local Governments .................................................................... 1-2 1.2.2 Role of the Franklin County Solid Waste Advisory Committee (SWAC) . 1-2 1.3 Regulatory Review ............................................................................................. 1-2 1.3.1 Solid Waste Management Act ................................................................ 1-3 1.3.2 Waste Not Washington Act – Chapter 431, Laws of 1989 ...................... 1-3 1.3.3 Hazardous Waste Management Act ....................................................... 1-3 1.3.4 Clean Washington Act – SSB5591 ......................................................... 1-4 1.3.5 Minimum Functional Standards for Solid Waste Handling ...................... 1-4 1.3.6 WAC 173-350 ......................................................................................... 1-5 1.3.7 WAC 173-351 ........................................................................................ 1-6 1.3.8 Relevant Oregon Solid Waste Regulations ............................................ 1-6 1.4 Solid Waste Planning in Franklin County ........................................................... 1-7 1.4.1 The 1977 Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan (Benton and Franklin Counties) ................................................................................... 1-7 1.4.2 Status of 1977 Plan Recommendations ................................................. 1-8 1.4.3 The 1992 Moderate Risk Waste Plan (Benton and Franklin Counties) .. 1-8 1.4.4 1994 Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan (Benton and Franklin Counties) ................................................................................... 1-9 1.5 Current Planning Process in Franklin County ................................................... 1-10 1.5.1 Planning Requirements ........................................................................ 1-10 1.5.2 Plan Development ................................................................................ 1-11 1.5.3 Amendment, Review, and Revision Process of the Plan ...................... 1-11 1.6 Relationship of the Solid Waste Plan to Other Plans ....................................... 1-11 1.6.1 Comprehensive Land Use Plans .......................................................... 1-12 1.6.1.1 State Goals ............................................................................ 1-12 1.6.1.2 State Mandates ...................................................................... 1-13 1.6.1.3 County Goals, Policies, and Strategies .................................. 1-13 1.6.2 Zoning Codes ....................................................................................... 1-13 1.6.3 Shoreline Management Plans ............................................................... 1-13 1.6.4 Benton and Franklin Counties Moderate Risk Waste Management Plan1-14 1.6.5 Franklin County Emergency Management Disaster Recovery Plan ..... 1-14 1.6.6 Air, Water, and Soils ............................................................................. 1-14 2 Background of the Planning Area 2.1 Economic Development ..................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Non-agricultural Economy ...................................................................... 2-1 Franklin County ISW Management Plan i Table of Contents 2010 2.1.2 Agriculture............................................................................................... 2-2 2.2 Population .......................................................................................................... 2-4 2.3 Land Use ............................................................................................................ 2-5 2.3.1 Urban Growth Areas ............................................................................... 2-6 2.3.2 Rural and Resource Lands ..................................................................... 2-9 2.4 Natural Environment ........................................................................................... 2-9 2.4.1 Physical Description ............................................................................... 2-9 2.4.2 Geology .................................................................................................. 2-9 2.4.3 Statigraphy............................................................................................ 2-10 2.4.4 Seismology ........................................................................................... 2-10 2.4.5 Hydrogeology/Hydrology ...................................................................... 2-10 2.4.6 Soils ...................................................................................................... 2-11 2.4.7 Biological .............................................................................................. 2-15 2.4.8 Wetlands ............................................................................................... 2-15 2.4.9 Floodplains ........................................................................................... 2-16 2.4.10 Aquifer Recharge .................................................................................. 2-16 2.5 Evaluation of Potential Landfill Sites ................................................................ 2-16 3 Waste Stream Analysis 3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Historical Solid Waste Data ................................................................................ 3-1 3.3 Solid Waste Forecast ......................................................................................... 3-1 3.4 Waste Stream Composition ................................................................................ 3-2 3.5 Seasonal Variations in Waste Stream ................................................................ 3-3 4 Reducing, Reusing, and Recycling Wastes in Franklin County 4.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 Public Education and Outreach .......................................................................... 4-2 4.2.1 Existing Education and Outreach Programs ........................................... 4-2 4.2.1.1 Public Outreach and Educational Program Recommendations .............. 4-3 4.3 Waste Reduction ................................................................................................ 4-4 4.3.1 Existing Waste Reduction Programs in Franklin County ........................ 4-4 4.3.2 Waste Reduction Program Recommendations ....................................... 4-4 4.3.2.1 Commercial Sector (Business and Industry) ............................ 4-5 4.3.2.2 Residential (Rural and Urban) ................................................. 4-5 4.4 Recycling ............................................................................................................ 4-6 4.4.1 Past Recycling Legislation ...................................................................... 4-6 4.4.2 Markets for Recyclables ......................................................................... 4-7 4.4.3 Existing Recycling Services in Franklin County ...................................... 4-9 4.4.3.1 Basin Recycling, Inc. .............................................................. 4-10 4.4.3.2 Support for Private Recycling Efforts. .................................... 4-10 4.4.3.3 Composting Services. ............................................................ 4-13 4.4.4 Recycling Program Recommendations ................................................ 4-13 4.4.4.1 Residential Recycling ............................................................. 4-13 4.4.4.2 Commercial/Industrial Sector Recycling ................................ 4-15 4.4.4.3 Food Waste Composting ....................................................... 4-16 4.4.4.4 Yard Waste Composting Recommendations ......................... 4-17 Franklin County ISW Management Plan ii Table of Contents 2010 4.5 Summary of Recommendations ....................................................................... 4-18 5 Moderate Risk Waste 5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................