HFC Inventory Socialist Republic of Viet Nam December 2017 1 Inventory report finalized and submitted on behalf of Viet Nam by the World Bank February 2018 Survey conducted and draft report prepared by: Energy and Environment Consultancy Joint Stock Company (VNEEC) Floor 8, Diamond Flower Tower, Hoang Dao Thuy – Le Van Luong intersection, Nhan Chinh ward, Thanh Xuan district, Hanoi, Viet Nam Tel: +84 4 355 79753 Fax: +84 4 35579755 Email: [email protected] Website: www.eec.vn 2 CONTENTS Contents .....................................................................................................................................3 List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................................5 List of Figures.............................................................................................................................7 List of Tables..............................................................................................................................8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..........................................................................................................9 1. Introduction....................................................................................................................... 14 1.1. Country Background ................................................................................................. 14 1.2. Overview of HFC Inventory ...................................................................................... 15 1.3. Future Requirements and Current Management of ODS Alternatives in Viet Nam......... 16 2. INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK.................................................. 18 2.1. Existing regulations and management on controlling ODS ........................................... 18 2.2. Existing regulations on and management of GHGs ...................................................... 19 2.3. Existing regulations and management on controlling other air pollutants....................... 20 2.4. Existing management of HFCs and other ODS Alternatives ......................................... 20 3. METHODOLOGY AND IMPLEMENTATION .................................................................. 22 3.1. Data Collection ......................................................................................................... 22 3.1.1. Data Collection from Existing Sources ............................................................... 22 3.1.2. Data Collection from the Questionnaires / Survey ............................................... 23 3.1.3. Data Collection from Expert Interviews .............................................................. 25 3.2. Data Validation ......................................................................................................... 25 3.2.1. Data Validation through Field-Visits .................................................................. 25 3.2.2. Data Validation through Other Sources............................................................... 28 3.3. Data Compilation ...................................................................................................... 28 4. RESULTS OF DATA COLLECTION AND SURVEY ........................................................ 29 4.1. Overview of Survey Results on the Use of HFCs......................................................... 29 4.2. Declared and imported amounts of HFCs.................................................................... 29 4.3. Summary of use in all sectors from 2011 to 2015 ............................................................ 33 4.4. Consumption by Sector ............................................................................................. 36 4.5. Refrigeration Manufacturing and Assembly ................................................................ 37 4.5.1. Industrial – Commercial Refrigeration Manufacturing ......................................... 39 4.5.2. Domestic Refrigeration Manufacturing ............................................................... 40 4.5.3. Transport Refrigeration ..................................................................................... 40 4.6. Air-Conditioning Manufacturing and Assembly .......................................................... 40 4.6.1. Chillers & Central AC Installation...................................................................... 42 4.7. RAC Servicing Sector ............................................................................................... 42 4.8. Foam ........................................................................................................................ 43 4.9. Fire Suppression ....................................................................................................... 43 4.10. Aerosols ............................................................................................................... 44 3 4.11. Industrial Processes and Other Uses ....................................................................... 44 5. CALCULATION OF EMISSIONS ..................................................................................... 45 6. COMPARATIVE ANALYSES AND TREND PROJECTIONS ........................................... 48 6.1. HCFC consumption trends ......................................................................................... 48 6.2. HFC consumption trend............................................................................................. 49 7. LOW-GWP ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES ................................................................ 57 7.1. Refrigeration Manufacturing and Assembly ................................................................ 57 7.1.1. Domestic and small-scale commercial refrigeration ............................................. 57 7.1.2. Commercial/Industrial and transport refrigeration ............................................... 57 7.2. Air-Conditioning Manufacturing and Assembly .......................................................... 57 7.2.1. Residential ACs ................................................................................................ 57 7.2.2. Chillers and Commercial AC ............................................................................. 57 7.2.3. MAC- Auto industry ......................................................................................... 57 7.2.4. MAC- Public transport ...................................................................................... 58 7.3. Foam ........................................................................................................................ 58 7.4. Summary of Alternative Technologies ........................................................................ 59 8. GAP ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................. 61 9. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................. 63 Annex 1. References ................................................................................................................. 64 4 List of Acronyms AC Air Conditioning BAU Business as usual BUR Biennial Update Reports CCAC Climate and Clean Air Coalition CDM Clean Development Mechanism CFC Chlorofluorocarbon CH4 Methane CO2 Carbon dioxide F-gas Fluorocarbon gas GHG Greenhouse Gas GWP Global Warming Potential HCFC Hydrochlorofluorocarbon HFC Hydrofluorocarbon HFO Hydrofluoroolefin HPMP HCFC Phase-out Management Plan IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KP Kyoto Protocol MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development MLF Multilateral Fund MOC Ministry of Construction MOH Ministry of Health MOIT Ministry of Industry and Trade MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment MP Montreal Protocol MT Ministry of Transport N2O Nitrous oxide NAMA Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action NC National Communication NDC Nationally Determined Contribution NOU National Ozone Unit ODP Ozone Depleting Potential ODS Ozone Depleting Substance PFC Perfluorocarbon RAC Refrigeration and Air Conditioning tCO2e Tonne carbon dioxide equivalent 5 ToR Terms of Reference UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change VNEEC Energy and Environment Consultancy Joint Stock Company WB World Bank 6 List of Figures Figure 1: Management of Controlled ODS in Viet Nam ............................................................... 19 Figure 2: Institutional responsibilities for controlling air pollutants............................................... 20 Figure 3: Current management of HFCs in Viet Nam .................................................................. 21 Figure 4: Selection of enterprises for data validation site visits ..................................................... 26 Figure 5: Percentage of Imported HFCs and hydrocarbon refrigerants in 2015 .............................. 31 Figure 6: Consumption of ODS alternatives by sectors in 2015 .................................................... 37 Figure 7. Consumption of HFCs in Refrigeration Manufacturing and Assembly in 2015 ................ 38 Figure 8. Distribution of HCFC and alternatives: refrigeration manufacturing & assembly (2014) .. 39 Figure 9. 2015 Consumption of ODS alternatives in Industrial-Commercial Refrigeration Manufacturing .........................................................................................................................