Arthropoda Selecta 10 (3): 225241 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2001 Remarks on Salticidae (Aranei) from Hawaii, with description of Havaika gen.n. Çàìåòêè îò ïàóêàõ-ñêàêóí÷èêàõ (Aranei: Salticidae) Ãàâàéñêèõ îñòîâîâ, ñ îïèñàíèåì Havaika gen.n. Jerzy Prószyñski Åæè Ïðóøèíüñêè Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Wilcza 64, Warsaw 00-679 Poland. Ìóçåé è Èíñòèòóò çîîëîãèè ÏÀÍ, óë. Âèë÷à 64, Âàðøàâà 00-679 Ïîëüøà. e-mail: [email protected] KEY WORDS: Aranei, Salticidae, new genus and species, Hawaii, Marquesas Isl.. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: Aranei, Salticidae, íîâûé ðîä, íîâûå âèäû, Ãàâàéñêèå î-âà, Ìàðêèçîâû î-âà. This paper is dedicated to Dr and Mrs J. W. Berry, who for over 20 years collected spiders in Pacific Islands, and thanks to their support and hospitality the Author was able to study the Pacific Salticidae. ABSTRACT. Diagnostic drawings and remarks on A most interesting case is a genus Havaika gen.n., genera of Salticidae, first time reported from Hawaii, or endemic to Hawaiian Archipelago, known also from forgotten, are provided. A new genus Havaika gen.n. Marquesas, erroneously assigned previously to the Aus- (previously misclassified to AustralianSandalodes Key- tralian genus Sandalodes Keyserling, 1883 (Figs 13). serling, 1883), endemic to Hawaii and Marquesas is Havaika consists of a cluster of similar looking species, delimited and its relationship with some other genera are differing by inconspicuous and intergrading characters. discussed. Havaika gen.n. contains 12 species, whose Taking into account relative similarity of genital organs, genitalic organs are illustrated. One species H. jamieso- the color pattern seems to be particularly important for ni sp.n. is described as a new for science. species recognition in Havaika gen.n. Unfortunately the present paper is limited to study of type specimens, ÐÅÇÞÌÅ. Äàíû äèàãíîñòè÷åñêèå ðèñóíêè è òàê- which are faded and partly damaged during long preser- ñîíîìè÷åñêèå çàìåòêè î ðîäàõ ïàóêîâ-ñêàêóí÷èêîâ, vation in alcohol (often about 100 years), which make âïåðâûå îòìå÷åííûõ â ôàóíå Ãàâàéñêèõ î-âîâ, èëè difficult their comparison with fresher specimens. Pre- çàáûòûõ. Âûäåëåí íîâûé ðîä Havaika gen.n.(ðàíåå sentation of detailed genitalic drawings of type speci- îøèáî÷íî îòíîñèìûé ê àâñòðàëèéñêîìó ðîäó San- mens of previously known Sandalodes species will dalodes Keyserling, 1883), ýíäåìè÷íûé äëÿ Ãàâàéñ- provide base for further research on Havaika gen.n., êèõ è Ìàðêèçîâûõ î-âîâ. Îáñóæäàþòñÿ åãî âçàèìî- particularly study of color pattern of fresh specimens, îòíîøåíèÿ ñ íåêîòîðûìè äðóãèìè ðîäàìè ñêàêóí- and biological observations in the field, which can solve ÷èêîâ. Havaika gen.n. âêëþ÷àåò 12 âèäîâ, ïîëîâûå taxonomic difficulties. Unfortunately, recent field ob- îðãàíû êîòîðûõ ïðîèëëþñòðèðîâàíû. Äàíî îïèñà- servations made by J. W. Berry (personal communica- íèå îäíîãî íîâîãî âèäà: H. jamiesoni sp.n. tion) seem to indicate sharp decline of populations of Havaika gen.n. species, which seem to disappear from Introduction the Hawaiian Islands. Fauna of Salticidae of Hawaii is very difficult to The present paper is based mainly on material kept in the identify because it consists of genera whose origin can following collections: personal collections of Dr J. W. Berry be traced either to Asia or North America, and that calls (Professor Emerituss Butler University, Biology Depart- for knowledge of very different faunae of these conti- ment,. Indianapolis), and Dr J. A. Beatty (of Southern Illinois nents. The present paper gives diagnostic drawings and University, Carbondale, Ill.) (JWB); as well as on large collections borrowed from American Museum of Natural taxonomic remarks of several genera collected in Ha- History, New York (AMNH), and Bishop Museum in Hono- waii during last 100 years and preserved in collections of lulu, Hawaii (BMHH). Additional specimens came from the several Zoological Museums; only a few specimens following collections: BM Natural History Museum, Brit- were recently collected. ish Museum, London, UK; HEC Hope Entomological 226 Jerzy Prószyñski Figs 13. Comparison of Sadalodes bipenicillatus from Australia, type species of genus Sandalodes, into which Havaika was previously classified: 1 general body appearance, 2 male palpal organ, 3 and internal structure of epigynum. From Davies, Zabka 1989: 252, table 52 by courtesy of the Editor of Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, Brisbane, with Authors permission. Ðèñ. 13. Ñðàâíåíèå Sadalodes bipenicillatus èç Àâñòðàëèè, òèïîâîé âèä ðîäà Sadalodes, ê êîòîðîìó ðàíåå îòíîñèëè ðîä Havaika: 1 îáùèé âèä, 2 ïàëüïóñ ñàìöà, 3 âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå ýïèãèíû. Èç Davies & Zabka, 1989: 252, table 52. Collections, Oxford University Museum, Oxford, UK; MNHN vided in the middle by sclerotized vaginal roof of shape Laboratoire de Zoologie (Arthropodes), Muséum National presumably variable within a species; differing from several dHistoire Naturelle, Paris. similar genera by internal structure, devoid of median sclero- The following abbreviations are used in the text: ALE tized loops(Fig. 24), but not as compact as in Habronattus anterior lateral eyes; AME anterior median eyes; Eyes I (Fig. 54). Legs formula is I, IV=III, II in both sexes, but in eyes of the first row; Eyes II eyes of the second row; Eyes males legs I are distinctly longer, in females only very indis- III eyes of the third row; HC height of cephalothorax, tinctly. The genus is endemic to Hawaiian and Marquesas LA length of abdomen, LC length of cephalothorax, Archipelagoes. LDC length of flat surface of cephalothorax; LE length Havaika gen.n. seem closely related to the Old World of eye field, MWA maximal width of abdomen, MWC genera Bianor Peckham et Peckham, 1885 (Figs 2225), maximal width of cephalothorax, WC3 width of cephal- Harmochirus Simon, 1885 and Modunda Simon, 1901 by othorax at eyes III, WE1 distance of external edge of eyes very similar genital organs (Figs 1617, 1920), but distinctly I, WE3 distance of external edge of eyes III. All measure- different body shapes (Figs 18, 21). Female genital organs of ments are in mm; the relations between the body parts are Havaika gen.n. resemble also American genus Habronattus shown in percentages of the length of cephalothorax; the F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901 (Fig. 54), and to a lesser degree, relations between the length of five segments of legs (tarsus + by general plan only, Pellenes Simon, 1876 (Figs 7576), metatarsus + tibia + patella + femur) are shown in percentages whose males are distinctly different. Both latter genera were of the length of five segments of leg I. also discovered on Hawaii, presumably recently imported. NAME. Modified ancient Polynesian name of Hawaii, A computer version of the results documented here, actually meaning Home Land. For the nomenclatorical containing all illustrations and preliminary descriptions of the purpose the name Havaika is considered to be a female new taxa concerned, although invalid from a nomenclatural gender. Consequently spelling of specific names (epithets) point of view, has been available since 1998 on the Internet at: listed below should be changed from male to female gender. http://spiders.arizona.edu/main.htm (see also Prószyñski, TYPE SPECIES: Havaika jamiesoni sp.n. 2002). Taxonomic survey The following nominal species are congeneric with type species Havaika jamiesoni sp.n., and are hereby Genus Havaika gen.n. transfered to the genus Havaika gen.n.: Sandalodes albociliatus Simon, 1900 DIAGNOSIS. Jumping spiders of variable size, from 1.98 Sandalodes canosus Simon, 1900 mm long smallest species, to 10 mm the largest; of Sandalodes cruciatus Simon, 1900 generalized shape and structure. Male palp of generalized Sandalodes flavipes Berland, 1933 shape (Figs 67), with oval bulbus, gently bent embolus and Sandalodes navatus Simon, 1900 simple, conical tibial apophysis, which may be indistinctly Sandalodes nigrolineatus Berland, 1933 bent or wavy; pedipalpal tibia appears long, usually about Sandalodes pubens Simon, 1900 equal in length to cymbium, or longer (Figs 4142). Females Sandalods seniculus Simon, 1900 epigynum with anterior membraneous, white window, di- Sandalodes triangulifer Berland, 1933 Remarks on Salticidae (Aranei) from Hawaii, with description of Havaika gen.n. 227 Figs 47. Characters of genus Havaika Havaika jamiesoni sp.n. from Hawaii, type species of the genus: 45 dorsal view of male (4) and female (5), 67 palpal organ ventrally (6) and laterally (7). Copyright by J. Prószyñski. Ðèñ. 47. Ïðèçíàêè ðîäà Havaika [Havaika jamiesoni sp.n. ñ Ãàâàéåâ, òèïîâîé âèä ðîäà]: 45 äîðçàëüíî ñàìåö (4) è ñàìêà (5), 67 ïàëüïóñ âåíòðàëüíî (6) è ëàòåðàëüíî (7). Sandalodes validus Simon, 1900 Havaika jamiesoni sp.n. Sandalodes verecundus Simon, 1900 Figs. 49. Species not congeneric with Havaika gen.n.: Holotype. (JWB) # (with palpal organ separate in smaller Sandalodes magnus Berland, 1933 Holotype $ (no vial),Havaika A Hawaii, Kauai Co., Kokes State Park, locality) = Plexippus paykulli (corrected by Berland 1945: 24, NuAlolo Trail. Elev. 3600 ft. 23 January 1998. Coll. J.W. & E.R. confirmed by J. Prószyñski in 1998) Berry. Allotype $ (JWB), paratypes 2 ## (JWB) same Sandalodes rufescens Berland, 1934, belongs apparently data, together with holotype. to the genus Habronattus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901. REMARK. Collection of Dr J. W. Berry, as well as collection of AMNH, contain also numerous specimens of SEPARATION OF H AWAIIAN HABRONATTUS FROM HAVAIKA AND Havaika of uncertain specific position;