OCTOBER 2019, VOLUME 10, NUMBER 2 (18) EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL ON EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES International Scientific Journal on European Perspectives EDITOR: Milan Jazbec ASSISTANT EDITOR: Nataša Šuštar B. EDITORIAL BOARD Matej Accetto (Católica Global School of Law, Portugal) • Dennis Blease (University of Cranfield, UK• Vlatko Cvrtila (University of Zagreb, Croatia) • Vladimir Prebilič (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) • Albert Rakipi (Albanian Institute for International Studies, Albania) • Erwin Schmidl (University of Vienna, Austria) • Vasilka Sancin (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) • Uroš Svete (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) • Katja Zajc Kejžar (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) • Jernej Zupančič (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) • Mitja Žagar (Institute for Ethnic Studies, Slovenia) • Jelica Štefanović Štambuk (University of Belgrade, Serbia) EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Murat Bilhan (Istanbul Kultur University, Turkey) • Erhard Busek (Institute for the Danube Region and Central Europe, Austria) • Mustafa Cerić (University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) • Victor Jackovich (Jackovich International, USA) • Jacques Rupnik (Centre for International Studies and Research, France) • Goran Svila- nović (RCC, Bosnia and Herzegovina) • Savo Kentera (Centre for International Relations, Montenegro) EDITORIAL OFFICE ADDRESS European Perspectives is a peer-reviewed international scientific journal, published twice a year (in April and October) by International Institute for Middle East and Balkan Studies – IFIMES. Views expressed in contribu- tions are those of authors and do not represent views of their respected institutions, unless specified otherwise. IFIMES has Special Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council ECOSOC/UN since 2018. International Institute for Middle East and Balkan Studies - IFIMES, Vošnjakova ulica 1, P.O.Box 2795, SI-1001 LJUBLJANA, Slovenia, E-mail: [email protected], www.ifimes.org More information about the journal on website: www.europeanperspectives.org Manuscriptis should be forwarded to the Assistant Editor by email on [email protected]. Indexed in: International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) ISNN 1855-7694 EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL ON EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES VOLUME 10 NUMBER 2 (18) OCTOBER 2019 Published by International Institute for Middle-East and Balkan studies - IFIMES. IFIMES has Special Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council ECOSOC/UN since 2018. contents EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL ON EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES VOLUME 10 NUMBER 2 (18), OCTOBER 2019 Letter from the Editor 5 GUEST VIEW Now it’s Time to Finish the Business 9 Acad. Mirko Pejanović ARTICLES Examining the Aftermath of the Brexit Referendum 17 Through the Principle-Agency Dilemma Filip Kokotović Economic Empowerment of Women in the Western 35 Balkans: Where the Law and Tradition Collide Eva Jerman Diplomacy in a Geocentered overview of The Rainbow 57 Beyond the Soul Ana Stefanovska The European Union Migrant and Refugee Crisis in Greece 75 Styliani Papadimitriou Small States and Globalization: the Issue of Clustering 97 and Indexing Zijad Bećirović European Integration Process Thirty Years after the End 127 of the Cold War Milan Jazbec BOOK REVIEWS The Presidentialisation of Political Parties in the 155 Western Balkans Gianluca Passarelli (Ed.) Amella Bashoviq The Fight over Freedom in 20-th and 21-st Century 160 International Discourse: Moments of ‘Self-Determination’ Rita Augestad Knudsen Petra Kocen General Submission guidelines 165 Letter from the Editor It was exactly a decade ago that this Journal came into being. The decision was taken with an ambition to contribute to the development of the Western Balkans on its path towards the European integrations. Our first number coincided with the twentieth anniversary of the end of the Cold War and was also a special issue on this topic. Addi- tionally, 2009 was the year when the Lisbon Treaty came into being. It transformed the EU into an international organization with legal personality, what also served as the legal background for the establi- shment of the European External Action Service. We are glad that our authors reflected on a variety of these topics. Hence, also in this issue we dwell on topics related to aspects that mark this era. The first article focuses on the aftermath of Brexit, discussing it through the Principle Agency Dilemma. The author claims the Refe- rendum has had an important influence on the future development of the EU. The paper concludes that the Principle Agency Dilemma has a significant impact on U.K policy-makers and focuses on the need of ending social media disinformation campaign and using innovative methods to end the gridlock. Intriguing. Our second contribution discusses the empowerment of women in the Western Balkans between law and tradition with the special emp- hasis on their participation in the labour market and the enforcement of their right to property. Traditional customs and beliefs that are com- mon to a large part of the region influence decisively slow path of reforms. They are necessary to push the economic development and independence of women. Persuasive. The third paper brings to our attention geocriticism, the new approach in the study of literature, in particular novels. Geocriticism has been coined by Bertrand Westphal and aims to revert the historic perspective of reading literature by inviting readers to focus on the spatiality of the text. The author takes into the focus of her study novel 5 on diplomacy Rainbow beyond the Soul, the first part of the Slovene diplomatic trilogy. Innovative. The fourth article deals with the migrant and refugee crisis that struck Europe almost five years ago. It is Greece that is hit mostly, not only in the territorial sense, while the crisis has been handled to a lar- ge extent by the EU with consequences to all its member states. The article touches also on the major issue of migrant and refugee minors, as they represent a high percentage of the total and they increase the complexity of the crisis. Captivating. The fifth paper dwells on positioning of small states in the era of globalization. The author argues that small states can and do survive as well as function well in this context. This, however, does not go by itself, bur demands carefully thoughtful and target oriented policy approach. States that let themselves go otherwise could easily be left behind in this structurally demanding, but opportunities rich global frame. Realistic. The last piece of examination keeps its eye on the European inte- gration process thirty years after the end of the Cold War. This inte- grating achievement and trend is understood as a structural output of the activities of key international governmental organizations (the EU, NATO, the OSCE and the Council of Europe). It is a European diploma- tic, political and historical innovation with thirty years of an intensive structural rise. Comprehensive. The first book review elaborates on the presidentialisation of politi- cal parties in the Western Balkans (an edited volume), and the second one explains fight over freedom in international discourse, focusing on moments of self-determination. And the recent Guest View con- templates three decades since the fall of the Berlin War, what offered multilayered consequences and challenges for the Western Balkans. A careful reader will again notice our bellow intonation: Slovenia is preparing for its second Presidency of the EU Council, having in mind the Congress of Ljubljana that took place two centuries ago. Diploma- cy still rests on tradition. See you in spring. Ljubljana, October 2019 M. J. From the Congress of Ljubljana 1821 to the Presidency of the EU Council 2021 6 guest view Now it’s Time to Finish the Business Acad. Mirko Pejanović EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES − INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL ON EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES VOLUME 10, NUMBER 2 (18), PP 9-14, OCTOBER 2019 Now it’s Time to Finish the Business Acad. Mirko Pejanović1 The kind invitation to prepare a Guest View for the current issue of the international scientific journal European Perspectives presents a special pleasure and privilege for me. In the following few pages I will try my best to offer my humble contribution to this perspective. Here I stem from the fact that among countries of the region Bosnia and Herzegovina is going through specific social and historical circumstances, while implementing its EU membership ambition. There was a war going on between 1992–1995 with unprecedented sufferings and genocide in Srebrenica in 1995. Process of forming democratic institutions advances with difficulties and there is a shortage of democratic, economic and administrative capacity for establishing of European standards. Therefore it is necessary to offer BiH help from the EU institutions through the EU Special Representative as well as within the frame of the EU’s responsibility in implementing the Dayton Peace Accords and building peace. The faster and the better approach is speeding up the integration in the EU and NATO. There are at least three reasons how I understand my input to this issue of the European Perspectives. The first one is, of course, the journal’s jubilee – it started with its important and noble mission exactly a decade ago. The anniversary not only coincides with other important in this year, but also reflects the understanding of time and of its needs. With