JOURNAL OF ARIZONA ARCHAEOLOGY VOLUME 2 NUMBER 2 SPRING 2013 IN THIS ISSUE: 117 AN ANALYSIS OF MAJOLICA CERAMICS FROM THE HISPANIC PRESIDIO COMMUNITY AT TUBAC, SANTA CRUZ COUNTY, ARIZONA Kelly L. Jenks 140 VARIABILITY IN FAR WESTERN PUEBLOAN SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES: THE VIEW FROM THE UINKARET PLATEAU, NORTHWEST ARIZONA Jacob L. Fisher, Joel C. Janetski, and Keith L. Johnson 163 SOCIAL IDENTITY AND POLITICAL COMPETITION IN A CULTURALLY DIVERSE LANDSCAPE: DECORATED POTTERY FROM THE MESCAL WASH SITE, SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA Christopher P. Garraty 178 MACAW SYMBOLISM AND RITUAL AT GRASSHOPPER PUEBLO AND PAQUIMÉ Stephanie M. Whittlesey and J. Jefferson Reid Copyright © 2013 by the Arizona Archaeological Council. All Rights Reserved. ISSN 2159-2837 113 Editorial Staff of the Journal of Arizona Archaeology Guest Editor William M. Graves General Editor M. Scott Thompson Managing Editor Sophia E. Kelly Editorial Panel Susan Benaron Todd Bostwick William M. Graves Joshua Watts Board of Directors of the Arizona Archaeological Council President Ted Roberts President Elect Christopher Garraty Secretary Lesley Aragon Treasurer Steven J. Swanson Newsletter Editor Joshua Watts Members-at-large David Abbott Michael Lyndon Ronald Maldonado Kyle Woodson Mission Statement The Journal of Arizona Archaeology is a peer-reviewed journal that focuses on the presentation of emerging ideas, new methods, and current research in Arizona archaeology. It endeavors to be a forum for the scholarly, yet simple communication of research and management related to Arizona’s archaeological record. The journal is published twice a year by the Arizona Archaeological Council (AAC). At least one issue per year is devoted to the theme of the AAC annual fall conference. The conference issue (or issues) is overseen by a guest editor. The remaining issues of the journal are intended for open submissions. The frequency of general submission issues is dependent on the number of appropriate manuscripts received throughout the year and the workload of the editorial staff. The journal is one benefit of membership in the AAC. Individual membership rates in the AAC are $30 per year. To apply for AAC membership, report a lost/damaged journal, or to learn more about the mission of the AAC, please visit the AAC website: http://arizonaarchaeologicalcouncil.org. Membership must be paid in full in order to receive regular copies of the Journal of Arizona Archaeology. Members and non-members can purchase additional copies of the journal for $15 per issue. Instructions for Authors The format of all submitted papers should correspond to the SAA style guide, which can be accessed at this web address: http://www.saa.org/Publications/StyleGuide/styframe.html. All manuscripts must be submitted as a MS Word document. All review (editorial and peer review) will be conducted electronically. Authors should be familiar with the “track changes” and “comments” functions of MS Word. Authors are encouraged to contact the editor with questions regarding the content or formatting of their manuscripts prior to submitting their papers. Authors should anticipate two to three months for review of their manuscripts. The editor will review each paper prior to peer review to determine if the manuscript meets content and formatting guidelines. If the paper meets these preliminary guidelines, the editor will send the manuscript out for peer review. The editor makes the final decision to accept a manuscript on the basis of his review as well as those of the peer referees. If a manuscript is accepted for publication, authors must submit images in at least 300 dpi. All permissions for pho- tographs and figures are the responsibility of the author and must be obtained prior to publication. Editorial Contact Information M. Scott Thompson School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University PO Box 872402, Tempe, AZ 85287-2402 [email protected] Copyright © 2013 by the Arizona Archaeological Council. All Rights Reserved. 114 THEMED ISSUE: FROM WITHOUT AND WITHIN: LONG-DISTANCE INTERACTION, CULTURE CHANGE, AND CULTURE CONTACT IN ARIZONA PREFACE I am pleased to be able to present to the readers of the Journal of Arizona Archaeology this special guest-edited issue. The theme of this issue is “From Without and Within: Long-Distance Interaction, Culture Change, and Culture Contact in Arizona.” This theme was also the focus of the 2011 Arizona Archaeological Council (AAC) Fall Conference which took place at the Arizona History Museum in Tucson. In that conference, a group of 22 scholars from academia and cultural resource management explored themes of long-distance exchange, culture change, and extra- regional interactions and social relations in a diverse set of case studies ranging from Late Archaic farming populations to contemporary undocumented migrant sites along the U.S.-Mexico border. With over 100 people in attendance, the conference was a great success and the research presented that day is a testament to the quality and diversity of archaeological thought about our state’s rich past. Two of the articles in this issue are based on research presented at that 2011 AAC Fall Conference—Christopher P. Garraty’s essay on ceramics from the Mescal Wash site, “Social Identity and Political Competition in a Culturally Diverse Landscape: Decorated Pottery from the Mescal Wash Site, Southeastern Arizona,” and Stephanie M. Whittlesey’s and J. Jefferson Reid’s essay on macaw remains, “Macaw Symbolism and Ritual at Grasshopper Pueblo and Paquíme.” Garraty’s article focuses on the analysis of a collection of painted pottery from the Middle Formative period site of Mescal Wash in the southeastern portion of the state. His study of decorated ceramic use over the long occupation of the site suggests that, within this culturally diverse landscape, identity was dynamic and constantly changing and was based, in part, on long- distance social relations and interactions as well as increasing suprahousehold political competition. In their article, Whittlesey and Reid examine the distribution and the treatment of macaws at both Grasshopper Pueblo and Paquíme. Macaws represent one of the most obvious examples of a long-distance interactions and exchange in the Southwest and the variation that they identify in the breeding and consumption of these birds at the two sites highlights the variability in how these birds were incorporated into religious ritual practice across the region. In their essay “Variability in Far Western Puebloan Subsistence Strategies: The View from the Uinkaret Plateau, Northwest Arizona,” Jacob L. Fisher, Joel C. Janetski, and Keith L. Johnson provide a detailed and important examination of the variability inherent in Far Western Puebloan subsistence strategies and mobility patterns. Their case study from Antelope Cave on the Uinkaret Plateau identifies this site as a location of occasional rabbit drives—procurement activities that were apparently supplemented with the harvesting of nearby crops—by village dwellers who only seasonally occupied this particular locale. Their study contributes to our understanding of Virgin Anasazi subsistence and mobility strategies by exploring the variability that existed among the Virgin Anasazi in terms of the relative contributions of farming, hunting, and gathering to the overall subsistence strategy apparent at any one site. Kelly L. Jenks provides an intriguing look into the daily life and practices of the inhabitants of the Tubac Presidio in her essay, “An Analysis of Majolica Ceramics from the Hispanic Presidio Community at Tubac, Santa Cruz County, Arizona.” Jenks’ study of the majolica pottery from excavations conducted in the 1980s and 1990s at Tubac highlight the value of examining data from existing collections. Majolica tableware was an integral part of the everyday life of the colonial inhabitants of the presidio and was imported from a variety of manufacturing locales in Copyright © 2013 by the Arizona Archaeological Council. All Rights Reserved. 115 Mexico that produced vessels with both Old World and New World decorative styles. The use of majolica at Tubac was an expression of a “Hispanic” colonial identity that was adopted by people of diverse social class and ethnic background who found themselves living together in this frontier community. In closing, I want to thank the authors in this issue for their exceptional research and for their hard work in meeting all of our deadlines with such quality scholarship. Their work represents significant contributions to many of the research themes and topics that were explored at the 2011 AAC Fall Conference. I would also like to extend my gratitude to the scholars who presented their work at that conference and to those in attendance. And, finally, we all owe special thanks to the general editor, M. Scott Thompson, and the managing editor, Sophia E. Kelly. Scott and Sophie are the founding editors of the Journal of Arizona Archaeology and they are stepping down from these roles after the publication of this issue. The journal is very much Scott’s and Sophie’s creation and the entire AAC membership has benefited immensely from their foresight and their dedication in creating this scholarly venue. Douglas B. Craig will take over as the general editor after the publication of this issue and, with Doug at the helm, the future certainly looks bright. It has been a privilege to have worked with Scott and Sophie over the past several years and to have helped the journal along, if only in a small way, with