Cost of living reports welcome to brighter Cost of living reports 1 Cost of living reports Italics indicate locations new in 2021. – Location exclusive to GHRM – Location exclusive to ICS Locations in blue indicate the availability of an Efficient Purchaser Index (EPI) under the ICS methodology. Note: Medium average city and average city reports don’t include expatriate accommodation costs data. Updated May 2021 Copyright 2021 Mercer. All rights reserved. mercer.com Cost of living reports 2 Cost of living reports Afghanistan Barbados Brunei China • Kabul • Bridgetown • Bandar Seri Begawan • Beijing • Chengdu Albania Belarus Bulgaria • Chongqing • Tirana • Minsk • Sofia • Dalian Algeria Belgium Burkina Faso • Dongguan • Algiers • Antwerp • Ouagadougou • Foshan • Brussels • Guangzhou Angola Burundi • Hangzhou • Luanda Belize • Bujumbura • Hefei • Belize City • Jinan Argentina Cambodia • Macau (SAR) • Buenos Aires Benin • Phnom Penh • Nanjing • Cordoba • Cotonou Cameroon • Qingdao Armenia Bermuda • Douala • Shanghai • Yerevan • Hamilton • Yaoundé • Shenyang • Shenzhen Australia Bhutan Canada • Suzhou • Adelaide • Thimphu • Calgary • Tianjin • Brisbane • Edmonton • Wuhan Bolivia • Canberra • Fort McMurray • Wuxi • La Paz • Darwin • Montreal • Xiamen • Santa Cruz • Melbourne • Ottawa • Xian • Perth Bosnia-Herzegovina • Regina • Zhuhai • Sydney • Sarajevo • St Johns • China medium city • Australia average • Toronto average • Australia medium city Botswana • Vancouver • China average average • Gaborone • Canada medium city • Urban China (Tier 2) • Urban Australia average Brazil • Canada average Colombia Austria • Belo Horizonte • Bogota • Graz • Brasilia Cape Verde • Cali • Vienna • Campinas • Praia • Medellin • Austria average • Curitiba • Macae Cayman Islands Congo, Democratic Republic Azerbaijan • Manaus • George Town (Grand of • Baku • Recife Cayman) • Kinshasa • Rio de Janeiro Bahamas Central African Republic Congo, Republic of • Sao Paulo • Nassau • Bangui • Brazzaville • Brazil medium city Bahrain average Chad • Manama • Brazil average • N’Djamena • Urban Brazil Bangladesh Chile • Dhaka • Santiago Italics indicate locations new in 2021. – Location exclusive to GHRM – Location exclusive to ICS Locations in blue indicate the availability of an Efficient Purchaser Index (EPI) under the ICS methodology. Note: Medium average city and average city reports don’t include expatriate accommodation costs data. Cost of living reports 3 Cost of living reports • Pointe Noire El Salvador Gambia Guinea • San Salvador • Banjul • Conakry Costa Rica • San Jose Equatorial Guinea Georgia Guinea Bissau • Malabo • Tbilisi • Bissau Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast) • Abidjan Eritrea Germany Guyana • Asmara • Berlin • Georgetown City Croatia • Bonn • Split Estonia • Cologne Haiti • Tallinn • Port-au-Prince • Zagreb • Dresden Cuba Ethiopia • Dusseldorf Honduras • Havana • Addis Ababa • Essen • San Pedro Sula • Frankfurt • Tegucigalpa Curacao Fiji • Friedrichshafen • Willemstad • Suva • Hamburg Hong Kong (SAR of China) • Hannover • Hong Kong Cyprus Finland • Leipzig • Limassol • Helsinki Hungary • Ludwigshafen • Nicosia • Budapest • Mannheim France • Györ Czech Republic • Bordeaux • Munich • Mlada Boleslav • Ferney-Voltaire • Nurnberg Iceland • Prague • Grenoble • Saarbrucken • Reykjavik • Czech Republic medium • Lille • Stuttgart city average • Lyon • Weil am Rhein India • Ahmedabad • Czech Republic average • Nice • Wiesbaden • Bengaluru • Paris • Germany medium city • Chennai Denmark • Rouen average • Hyderabad • Aarhus • Strasbourg • Germany average • Kolkata • Copenhagen • Toulouse • Urban Germany • Mumbai • France medium city Djibouti Ghana • New Delhi average • Djibouti • Accra • Pune • France average • Vadodara (Baroda) Dominican Republic • Urban France Greece • India medium city • Santo Domingo • Athens French Guiana average East Timor (Timor-Leste) • Cayenne Guadeloupe • India average • Dili • Pointe-à-Pitre French Polynesia Indonesia Ecuador • Papeete (Tahiti) Guam (United States) • Balikpapan • Guayaquil • Guam • Jakarta • Quito Gabon • Surabaya • Libreville Guatemala Egypt • Port Gentil • Guatemala City Iran • Cairo • Tehran Italics indicate locations new in 2021. – Location exclusive to GHRM – Location exclusive to ICS Locations in blue indicate the availability of an Efficient Purchaser Index (EPI) under the ICS methodology. Note: Medium average city and average city reports don’t include expatriate accommodation costs data. Cost of living reports 4 Cost of living reports Iraq Jordan • Kuala Lumpur Morocco • Baghdad • Amman • Kuantan • Casablanca • Erbil • Penang • Rabat Kazakhstan • Tangier Ireland • Almaty Mali • Cork • Nur-Sultan • Bamako Mozambique • Dublin • Maputo • Shannon/Galway Kenya Malta • Nairobi • Valletta Myanmar Israel • Yangon • Jerusalem Kosovo Martinique • Pristina • Fort-de-France • Tel Aviv Namibia • Windhoek Kuwait Mauritania Italy • Kuwait City • Nouakchott • Genoa Nepal • Kathmandu • Milan Kyrgyzstan Mauritius • Naples • Bishkek • Port Louis Netherlands • Palermo • Amsterdam • Padua Laos Mexico • Eindhoven • Aguascalientes • Rome • Vientiane • The Hague • Celaya • Turin • Nijmegen Latvia • Chihuahua • Italy medium city • Rotterdam • Riga • Ciudad del Carmen average • Utrecht • Cuernavaca • Italy average Lebanon • Netherlands medium city • Guadalajara • Urban Italy • Beirut average • Leon • Netherlands average^ Jamaica Lesotho • Mexico City • Urban Netherlands • Kingston • Maseru • Monterrey • Mexico medium city New Caledonia (France) Japan Liberia average • Noumea • Fukuoka • Monrovia • Mexico average • Nagoya New Zealand Lithuania • Urban Mexico • Okinawa • Auckland • Vilnius • Osaka/Osaka-Kobe Moldova • Christchurch • Tokyo Luxembourg • Chisinau • Dunedin • Tokyo Local • Luxembourg • Wellington • Tokyo Metro Monaco • Utsunomiya Madagascar • Monaco/Monte Carlo Nicaragua • Yokohama • Antananarivo • Managua Mongolia • Urban Japan • Ulaanbaatar Niger • Japan Medium City Malawi • Blantyre • Niamey Average Montenegro • Podgorica Nigeria Jersey Malaysia • Abuja • St. Helier • Johor Baharu • Lagos Italics indicate locations new in 2021. – Location exclusive to GHRM – Location exclusive to ICS Locations in blue indicate the availability of an Efficient Purchaser Index (EPI) under the ICS methodology. Note: Medium average city and average city reports don’t include expatriate accommodation costs data. Cost of living reports 5 Cost of living reports • Port Harcourt Puerto Rico Sierra Leone • Stockholm (United States) • Freetown North Macedonia • San Juan Switzerland • Skopje Singapore • Basel Qatar • Singapore • Basel Cross-Border Norway • Doha • Bern • Oslo Slovakia • Geneva • Bratislava • Stavanger Réunion (France) • Geneva Cross-Border • Saint-Denis Oman Slovenia • Lausanne Metro • Muscat Romania • Ljubljana • Lausanne Cross-Border • Bucharest • Zug Pakistan • Pitesti Solomon Islands • Zurich • Islamabad • Honiara • Zurich Cross-Border • Karachi Russia • Switzerland medium city South Africa • Lahore • Moscow average • Cape Town • St. Petersburg • Switzerland average • Durban Panama • Vladivostok • Johannesburg • Panama City • Volgograd Syria • Damascus Papua New Guinea • Russia medium city South Korea average • Lae • Busan (Pusan) Taiwan • Port Moresby • Russia average • Seoul • Kaohsiung • Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk • Taichung Paraguay Spain • Taipei • Asuncion Rwanda • Barcelona • Kigali • Madrid Tajikistan Peru • Seville Saint Lucia • Dushanbe • Lima • Valencia • Castries Tanzania Philippines • Valladolid • Dar es Salaam • Cebu Saudi Arabia • Spain medium city • Al Khobar/Dammam average • Manila Thailand • Jeddah • Spain average • Bangkok Poland • Riyadh • Chiang Mai • Krakow Sri Lanka • Saudi Arabia medium city • Rayong • Poznan average • Colombo • Warsaw • Saudi Arabia average Sudan Togo • Wroclaw • Khartoum • Lome • Poland medium city Senegal average • Dakar Suriname Trinidad and Tobago • Poland average • Paramaribo • Port of Spain Serbia Portugal • Belgrade Swaziland Tunisia • Aveiro • Mbabane • Tunis Seychelles • Lisbon • Victoria • Porto (Oporto) Sweden • Malmo Italics indicate locations new in 2021. – Location exclusive to GHRM – Location exclusive to ICS Locations in blue indicate the availability of an Efficient Purchaser Index (EPI) under the ICS methodology. Note: Medium average city and average city reports don’t include expatriate accommodation costs data. Cost of living reports 6 Cost of living reports Turkey • Newcastle (England) • Los Angeles, CA average • Ankara • Northampton (England) • Louisville, KY • United States average • Bursa • Norwich (England) • Miami, FL • Urban United States • Istanbul • Oxford (England) • Milwaukee, WI • Urban United States (Small • Turkey medium city • Southampton (England) • Minneapolis, MN City) average • United Kingdom med. city • Mobile, AL • Turkey average average • Morristown, NJ United States Virgin Islands • United Kingdom average • Nashville, TN • St. Thomas Turkmenistan • Urban United Kingdom • New York, NY • Ashgabat Uruguay • Greater New York • Montevideo United States Uganda • New York Metro • Atlanta, GA • Orlando, FL Uzbekistan • Kampala • Austin, TX • Philadelphia, PA • Samarkand Ukraine • Baltimore, MD • Phoenix, AZ • Tashkent • Kiev • Boston, MA • Pittsburgh, PA Vanuatu • Charlotte, NC • Portland, OR United Arab Emirates • Port Vila • Chicago, IL • Princeton, NJ • Abu Dhabi • Cincinnati, OH • Raleigh-Durham, NC Venezuela • Dubai • Cleveland, OH • Rochester, NY • Caracas • Columbus, OH United Kingdom • Salt Lake City, UT • Maracaibo • Dallas, TX • Aberdeen (Scotland)