ADVERTISEMENT Special Section: Oskar Kolberg & the musical faces of Eastern Europe ISSN 2083-7372 Bimonthly September-October Price 19 PLN (w tym 5% VAT) 10 EUR 12 USD 7 GBP No 4(XIII)/2014 www.neweasterneurope.eu MOLDOVA: THE STAR PUPIL 4 (XIII) / 14 ISSN 2083-7372 OF EUROPE’S EAST? PLUS: Analysis on Ukraine and Russia Jacek Saryusz-Wolski Sergey Utkin 9 772083 7371281 0 Sergii Leshchenko Boris Dubin ADVERTISEMENT GUIDE MarkingMarkin the 2014 Kolberg Year, we have prepared a specialspe multimedia application that will enable usersusers tot get to know places where this extraordinary ethnographerethnog and folklorist worked and lived. You maym now travel through the cities of Warsaw, 3R]QDĸDQG.UDNyZOHDUQLQJIDVFLQDWLQJGHWDLOVRI3R]QD 2VNDU .ROEHUJ·V OLIH DQG WKH SHRSOH KH VRFLDOLVHG workedworked and corresponded with as a musician DQGDQG F FRPSRVHU DQG ODWHU DV D ÀHOG UHVHDUFKHU documentalistdocum and author of his magnum opus Lud [The[The People].P The applicationa is also a unique chance to follow .ROEHUJ·V.ROEHU H[WHQVLYH WULSV DURXQG WKH FRXQWU\VLGH YLVLWLQJ3RODQG·VWRSKLVWRULFDOVLWHVJHWWLQJWRNQRZYLVLWLQJ the enthrallingen things he discovered about folk culture,culture and even glimpsing authentic publications fromfrom hhis time. On the way you will be treated to a captivatingcaptiva dose of archive folk music, courtesy of the Polish Radio and the Polish Academy of SciencesScienc (Institute of Art). Download aplication! Read more at: chopin.nifc.pl ADVERTISEMENT Dear Reader, Time and again the geopolitical shifts that continue to take place in the region of Eastern Europe prove that in order to fi nd solutions to complex crises, we need to dig deeper and avoid the simplifi cations that are offered to us daily, also by some mainstream media outlets. That is why this issue of New Eastern Europe is focused on a very small country that, to most, might seem insignifi cant. The country in question is the Republic of Moldova. Our authors try to help explain the processes that are taking place in this former Soviet republic, which today appears to be looking for its place in Europe. Their texts might help you decide if Moldova is indeed the star pupil of Europe’s East, as it is commonly believed in Brussels. Even though we leave the fi nal answer to this question to be still decided on, we are convinced that despite its small size Moldova plays an important role in regards to the future of the EU’s Eastern Partnership Programme and the community’s relations with Russia. Naturally, no analysis of the situation in Eastern Europe today can avoid the topic of the Russian-Ukrainian confl ict and how it affects the arena of international politics. The questions of solidarity in regards to Russia’s aggression come fi rst in a text written by Jacek Saryusz-Wolski, a Polish member of the European Parliament, who argues Russian action in Ukraine is dividing the EU and the member states need to jointly rethink their relations with Russia. Russian political scientist, Sergey Utkin, counters this argument, stating that the sanctions which are currently placed on Russia will be seen as a pretext to wage an even stronger battle against foreign infl uences at home. Specifi cally on Ukraine, three journalists report on the changes that have taken place in this country since the end of the Yanukovych regime. Sergii Leshchenko investigates today’s whereabouts of Ukraine’s oligarchs while Milan Lelich analyses how the military operation in the east is funded by the Ukrainian people, who continue to have little faith in public institutions and state bureaucracy. Of a different character, is the report by Italian journalist, Edoardo Da Ros, who describes the attitudes of people in Donbas, where pro-Russian separatists are still fi nding support among some members of the local population. Additionally, the issue offers analyses on Russia and the impact of its recent policies and behaviour. Lastly, a special section on Oskar Kolberg and the musical faces of Eastern Europe (pages 200-244), which includes a complementary music CD, explores the folk roots of this region and its revival today. The Editors 4 Contents Opinion and Analysis 58 Even the Smallest Autonomies Matter 7 In Search of European Solidarity Daria Paprocka Jacek Saryusz–Wolski Following the annexation of Crimea and the 64 A Window of Challenges and Risks ongoing destabilisation in eastern Ukraine, Interview with Vladimir Yastrebchak, former the European Union must now rethink its Minister of Foreign Affairs of Transnistria relations with Russia. The EU should draw a lesson from its shaky unity, which is constantly being challenged by the national interests of 72 Putin’s Brain? individual states during this crucial time. Anton Shekhovtsov Russian political thinker Aleksandr Dugin has become an object of many western analyses 15 A Partnership Gone Wild of Russia’s foreign policy. Various media Sergey Utkin have called Dugin “Putin’s brain”. Indeed, In terms of its Russia strategy, the European the man behind Russia’s Neo-Eurasianism Union fi nds itself in a deadlock. Given the has received signifi cant attention and his situation in Ukraine, the EU cannot co-operate ideas have evidently entered mainstream with Russia as usual but it does not really have political thought. the tools to change its policies. 80 Underneath Putin’s Ratings Moldova: The star pupil Boris Dubin of Europe’s East? 88 Pulling the Plug Eimear O’Casey 27 Baby Steps Kamil Całus and Piotr Oleksy The signing of the Association Agreement 94 The Russifi cation of Serbia with the European Union is a tremendous Jelena Milić opportunity for Moldova to accelerate the development of the country in an 103 The Kings of Donbas. unprecedented way. To fully use this Where are they now? opportunity, however, Moldova will need to Sergii Leshchenko deal with a series of deep structural problems Following the escape of Viktor Yanukocych that its economy has been facing for years. to Russia, many of Ukraine’s oligarchs followed. But some of the clans who 35 Walking on Quicksand benefi ted under the Yanukovych presidency Ileana Racheru are now building new strategies and alliances which will ultimately benefi t their 43 Landlocked interests and undermine the success of the Ioana Burtea Maidan protests. 111 The People’s Battalion of Ukraine 50 The Unanswerable Question of Identity Milan Lelich Krzysztof Kolanowski 5 119 Rebuilding the Engine of Co-operation Books and Reviews Andrzej Szeptycki 177 What Europe? – Mateusz Mazzini 126 Through the Neighbours’ Lenses On Jan Zielonka’s Is The EU Doomed? Jędrzej Czerep 179 Far From Being Mr Perfect 132 Georgia Begins a New Chapter Bartosz Marcinkowski Kakha Gogolashvili On Fiona Hill and Clifford G. Gaddy’s Mr. Putin: Operative in the Kremlin Interviews 139 There is No Ideology, Only Authority 181 Vindicated by History – Morelle Smith An interview with Nikolai Malishevski On Marcus Tanner’s Albania’s Mountain Queen. “While everything in the government’s Edith Durham and the Balkans rhetoric can change one thing will never change: the conviction that the president 183 On the Good People of the Maidan is irreplaceable. This remains. Hence, to a Roman Kabachiy large extent the Belarusian state ideology On Kristina Berdinskikh’s Єлюди. Теплі історії з is aimed at servicing the image of the Майдану (Maidaners. Heart-Warming president and constitutes an attempt to Stories from the Maidan) outsmart everybody else.” 187 What Connects and What Divides? 147 Looking Out Over the Danube Maryana Prokop A conversation with Krzysztof Varga On Łukasz Saturczak and Les Beley’s Symetria asymetryczna. Badania terenowe stosunków Reports polsko-ukraińskich (Asymetric Symetry. Field Research on Polish-Ukrainian Relations) 153 How to Win the Hearts and Minds of Donbas? 190 A Very Large Country Called Russia Edoardo Da Ros Łukasz Wojtusik On Barbara Włodarczyk’s Nie ma 159 In Search of a Brighter Future jednej Rosji (There Is No One Russia) Stefanie Glinski Armenian migration to Russia began 193 A Family Affair – Magdalena Link-Lenczowska shortly after the collapse of the Soviet On Magdalena Grzebałkowska’s Beksińscy. Union and continues to grow year by year. Portret podwójny (The Beksińskis: Most leave their native state for better work A Double Portrait) opportunities in the north, but the exodus of Armenian males has started to take its 196 Commemorating the Traces toll on the society. and Absences – Gina Kuhn On the exhibition An Unfi nished Memory: History Jewish Heritage and the Holocaust in Eastern Galicia 171 The Geopolitical Lessons of Poland’s Partitions 200 Special Section: Oskar Kolberg Anthony Rinna and the Musical faces of Eastern Europe www.neweasterneurope.eu Content with the notation (CC) is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. EDITOR AND PUBLISHER All attempts are made to give proper The Jan Nowak-Jeziorański College and appropriate attribution of Eastern Europe in Wrocław to the author and source. offi [email protected] www.kew.org.pl The Editors do not return submitted texts unless requested. The Editors reserve the right to edit and shorten submitted texts. CO-EDITOR New Eastern Europe is co-fi nanced by the Polish Ministry European Solidarity Centre of Science and Higher Education. [email protected] www.ecs.gda.pl EDITORIAL BOARD Leonidas Donskis, Yaroslav Hrytsak, Paweł Kowal, New Eastern Europe is co-fi nanced by the Ivan Krastev, Georges Mink, Zdzisław Najder, Department of Public and Cultural Diplomacy Cornelius Ochmann, Eugeniusz Smolar, of the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the Lilia