FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA Disaster Management Reference Handbook November 2019 Acknowledgements CFE-DM would like to thank the following organizations for their support in reviewing and providing feedback to this document: Tiare Eastmond, Regional Advisor-Pacfic, USAID/OFDA John Paul Henderson, Regional Counsel, FEMA Region IX Stan Keolanui, Plans Analyst, U.S. Army Pacific Robert Pierce, USAID/Philippines & Pacific/Environment Colby Stanton, FEMA LTC John T. Yoshimori, 9th MSC Oceania Planner, U.S. Army Pacific Cover and section photo credits Cover Photo: “View from Sokehs Rock” (Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia) by Vagabond Travel Tales is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0. March 12, 2008. https://www.flickr.com/photos/122663252@N02/13744706023 Map Cover: Full political map of Micronesia. 2011. Vidiani.com maps of the world. http://www.vidiani.com/full-political-map-of-micronesia/ Country Overview Section Photo: “Yap Dancers” by Dana Lee Craker is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. April 1, 2008. https://www.flickr.com/photos/32975809@N00/47932607727 Disaster Overview Section Photo: “110703-O-ZZ999-004” by Kristopher Radder (U.S. Pacific Fleet) is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0. An MH-60S Sea Hawk flies over the port of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia for Pacific Partnership 2011. https://www.flickr.com/photos/compacflt/5895999601/in/faves-63479458@N04/ Organizational Structure for Disaster Management Photo: “161211-N-YM720-059” by COMSEVENTHFLT is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0. Loadmasters attached to the 36th Airlift Squadron, Yokota Air Base, Japan, drop care packages out of a C-130H Hercules to a Micronesian island during Operation Christmas Drop, an international humanitarian operation (U.S. Navy photo by Petty Officer 2nd Class Allen Michael McNair/Released) December 11, 2016. https://www.flickr.com/photos/36614130@N06/30828906124 Infrastructure Section Photo: “Men’s meeting house” by Anna Lee is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. A Yap structure constructed of thatched nipa palm and beams held together with woven coconut rope. https://www.flickr.com/photos/82351312@N00/2510885302 Health Section Photo: “35448-013: Omnibus Infrastructure Development in the Federated States of Micronesia” by Asian Development Bank is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. Mother and her child getting vaccine at the health clinic in Chuuk, Federated States of Micronesia. August 5, 2014. https://www.flickr.com/photos/58037435@N08/15707524100 Women, Peace, and Security Section Photo: “190415-N-OI558-1065” by U.S. Pacific Fleet is licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0. U.S. Army and Micronesia Red Cross Society interact during a HADR class to strengthen national capacities and preparedness for response to disaster emergencies during Pacific Partnership 2019. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Chanel Turner. https://www.flickr.com/photos/43397645@N06/40657266333 Conclusion Section Photo: The Federated States of Micronesia are known for its coral reefs for diving. NOAA Photo Library. Photo by David Burdick. December 17, 2018. https://photolib.noaa.gov/Collections/Coral-Kingdom/Other/emodule/752/eitem/31640 ‘ Appendices Section Photo: “IMG_3529: Yapese Stone Money in the Stone Money Bank” by stevenson_john lis licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/stevenson_john/10236839835 ISBN 978-1-955429-12-2 2 Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance Table of Contents Welcome - Note from the Director ...........................................................................................................9 About the Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance ..10 Disaster Management Reference Handbook Series Overview ...................................................11 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................12 Country Overview .....................................................................................................................................14 Culture .......................................................................................................................................................15 Demographics .........................................................................................................................................15 Ethnic Makeup .................................................................................................................................16 Key Population Centers ................................................................................................................16 Language ...........................................................................................................................................16 Religion ..............................................................................................................................................16 Vulnerable Groups .........................................................................................................................16 Economics ................................................................................................................................................17 Government .............................................................................................................................................18 Environment ............................................................................................................................................19 Geography ........................................................................................................................................19 Maritime Security ...........................................................................................................................20 Climate ...............................................................................................................................................20 Climate Change ...............................................................................................................................20 Disaster Overview ....................................................................................................................................22 Country Risk Profile ........................................................................................................................22 Hazards ......................................................................................................................................................25 Recent History of Natural Disasters .................................................................................................26 Country Risks ...........................................................................................................................................28 Federated States of Micronesia Disaster Management Reference Handbook | November 2019 3 Organizational Structure for Disaster Management ..................................................30 Lead Government Agencies in Disaster Response ....................................................................30 Key Disaster Management Partners ................................................................................................32 International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies ..............................34 U.S. Government Agencies in Federated States of Micronesia .............................................35 Participation in International Organizations ................................................................................36 Foreign Disaster Relief and Emergency Response .............................................................36 Laws, Policies, and Plans on Disaster Management ..................................................................38 Education and Training ........................................................................................................................39 Disaster Management Communications.......................................................................................40 Early Warning Systems ..................................................................................................................40 Responsible Agencies for Warnings .........................................................................................40 Armed Forces’ Role in Disaster Response ...............................................................................41 Information Sharing ......................................................................................................................42 Infrastructure .................................................................................................................46 Airports ......................................................................................................................................................47 Seaports ....................................................................................................................................................47 Land Routes .............................................................................................................................................49 Roads ...................................................................................................................................................49 Railways ..............................................................................................................................................49