The Association of Applied Geochemists presents the 23rd INTERNATIONAL APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY SYMPOSIUM (IAGS) EEEXXXPPPLLLOOORRRIIINNNGGG OOOUUURRR EEENNNVVVIIIRRROOONNNMMMEEENNNTTT rd 23 IAGS 2007 OOOVVVIIIEEEDDDOOO,,, AAASSSTTTUUURRRIIIAAASSS... SSSPPPAAAIIINNN Exploring our Environment aaattt ttthhheee PPPRRRÍÍÍNNNCCCIIIPPPEEE FFFEEELLLIIIPPPEEE CCCOOONNNFFFEEERRREEENNNCCCEEE HHHAAALLLLLL 1144 –– 1199 JJUUNNEE 22000077 14 – 19 JUNE 2007 EEExxxttteeennndddeeeddd AAAbbbssstttrrraaaccctttsss Jointly organized by the Department of Exploration and Mining of the University of Oviedo (Spain), the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME) and the Association of Applied Geochemists. 23rd International Applied Geochemistry Symposium – - IAGS - Oviedo, 14 – 19 June 2007 IAGS 2007 – Exploring our Environment Extended Abstracts of the Symposium Edited by Jorge Loredo Pérez June, 2007 University of Oviedo, Spain Copyright extends to the volume as an edited work. Copyright of each individual article remains with the authors and/or the organisations, institutions or companies which they represent, to whom, requests for permission to make further copies should be directed. Editor: Jorge Loredo Pérez Published by: Departamento de Explotación y Prospección de Minas. University of Oviedo. Spain on behalf of The Association of Applied Geochemists (Vancouver, Canadá). Aditional copies may be obtained from the Secretariat: Dep. Explotación y Prospección de Minas Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Minas C/Independencia, 13; 33004 Oviedo, Asturias, SPAIN Phone: +34 985104205. Fax: +34 985104245 Published 2007 Copyright the authors unless otherwise stated. All right reserved ISBN: 978-84-690-6462-7 Legal Deposit: AS-3015-07 23rd International Applied Geochemistry Symposium (IAGS). Oviedo, 14 – 19 June 2007 PREFACE SESION: Mapping Geochemical Data. Heavy minerals in gold exploration at Petäjälehto, northern Finland. Pulkkinen E. et al: Pág. 1 SESION: Geochemistry in the industry sector: exploration and environmental applications. Exploration for gold using Fluid Inclusions – the acoustic decrepitation technique. With examples from Hebei, China and El Penon, Chile. Burlinson K. :Pág. 9 SESION: Exploration case studies Symposium in honour of Dr. Eion Cameron The Khongor Porphyry Cu-Au Deposit: A Low Density Fine Fraction Stream Sediment Exploration Geochemistry Discovery in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia Maopei Cui :Pág. 15 Geology and geochemistry of intrusive dikes and metasedimentary rocks of Workamba area, Tigray province, northern Ethiopia Gebresilassie, S and Marschik, R. :Pág. 32 SESION: Ore Deposit-Forming Systems: A Geochemical Perspective. The geothermal geochemistry of Western Turkey Haklıdır Tut, Füsun Servin. :Pág. 44 Coal Occurrences in Biga Peninsula, Northwestern Anatolia, Turkey Maral Mehmet, Suner Fikret, Besbelli Berk :Pág. 53 Mass balance and geochemical anomalies related to the Mataralampi orogenic gold occurrence, Archaean Kuhmo Greenstone Belt, eastern Finland. Eilu, Pasi and Ojala, V. Juhani :Pág. 64 The relationship between tectonics, granitoids and Mesozoic Au-Ag mineralization in the Hongseong Collision Belt, South Korea 23rd International Applied Geochemistry Symposium (IAGS). Oviedo, 14 – 19 June 2007 Seon-Gyu Choi, V.J. Rajesh, Jieun Seo, Jung Woo Park, Chang-Whan Oh, Sung Won Kim, Sang Joon Pak. :Pág. 77 SESION: Hydro-bio geochemistry Geochemistry of soils and waters close to W-Au-Sb old mines from Sarzedas, Castelo Branco, central Portugal Carvalho, P.C.S., Neiva, A. M. R. and Silva, M. M. V. G. :Pág. 88 Hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in Günyüzü Basin (Sivrihisar- Eskisehir) Western Turkey. Demiroğlu Muhterem, Yalçın Tolga, Örgün Yüksel, Yaltırak Cenk and Akdeniz Uğur. :Pág. 101 Historical trends in the chemical composition of river bed sediments of an Atlantic Basin Devesa, R., Ruiz, M., Ruiz, B., Iglesias, L., Jouanneau, J.-M., Díaz- Fierros, F., Barral, M.T. :Pág. 111 Gold uptake in Australian plants - a preliminary experimental study Lintern, M.J., Verall, M.R., and Belton, D.X. :Pág. 123 SESION: Data interpretation Chemıcal, mıneralogıcal and ceramıc propertıes of rhyolıtıc tuff from arabaalan – elmalı (bıga) dıstrıct (bıga penınsula – turkey) Ayten Çalık and Yasemin Erçetin Akyar. :Pág. 126 Early Cretaceous productive and barren granitoids in the Gunbuk-Jindong area in the Gyeongsang basin, South Korea: petrogenesis, geochronology and implications for Cu (-Au) mineralization Soo-Meen Wee, Jung Woo Park, Seon-Gyu Choi, Yun-ji Kim, In- Chang Ryu and V.J. Rajesh. :Pág. 138 Assessment of reactivity of sulphidic tailings and river sludges Komnitsas Kostas, Manousaki Klio and Zaharaki Dimitra. :Pág. 149 Quaternary geological and till geochemical studies in verifying GIS-based prospectivity mapping in the Central Lapland Greenstone Belt, northern Finland. Sarala Pertti, Nykänen Vesa, Sarapää Olli, Peltoniemi Anne and Ojala V. Juhani. :Pág. 162 SESION: Lithogeochemistry 23rd International Applied Geochemistry Symposium (IAGS). Oviedo, 14 – 19 June 2007 Lithogeochemistry of the volcanic sequence hosting the río tinto ore deposit (Iberian pyrite belt, Spain). Conde, C., Tornos, F., González-Clavijo E., Mellado, D. and Martín Rubí, J. A. :Pág. 169 Metal element distribution in two river basins of contrasting lithology. Iglesias, M.L., Devesa, R., Pérez, R., Barral, M.T. and Díaz-Fierros, F. :Pág. 179 Geochemical characteristics of barren and mineralized intrusives in the Geodo area, Taebaeksan basin, South Korea: Implications for adakite magmatism and fe-cu(-au) mineralization. Jung Woo Park, Seon-Gyu Choi, V.J. Rajesh, Eun-Mi Ko, Se-Jung Chi. :Pág. 188 SESION: Analytical Geochemistry The Effect of the Kizilcaören Complex Mineralization (Fluorite-Barite- Thorium-Rare Earth Elements) on Groundwaters in Kızılcaören (Beylikova) Eskisehir, NW,Turkey Örgün Yüksel and Çelik Balcı Nurgül. :Pág. 196 SESION: Geochemistry and health Air pollution prediction models of particles, As, Cd, Ni and Pb in a highly industrialized area. Vicente-Fortea, Ana B., Sánchez-Barbie, A., Jordan-Vidal, M. M, Sanfeliu-Montolio, T. and Esteban-Lefler, Mª D. :Pág. 208 Ecosystems health and geochemistry: concepts and methods applied to abandoned mine sites. Hernández, A. J. and Pastor, J. :Pág. 218 23rd International Applied Geochemistry Symposium (IAGS). Oviedo, 14 – 19 June 2007 Heavy minerals in gold exploration at Petäjälehto, northern Finland Pulkkinen Eelis, Keinänen Veikko, Sarala Pertti and V. Juhani Ojala Geological Survey of Finland P.O. Box 77, FIN-96101 Rovaniemi, FINLAND. E-mail: [email protected] Keywords: gold, heavy minerals, till geochemistry, exploration, Central Lapland, Finland ABSTRACT Gold exploration using till geochemical, heavy mineral and geophysical methods was done at the Petäjälehto target, northern Finland. The study area is located in the central part of the last Weichselian glaciation and the bedrock is covered by glaciogenic overburden; the thickness of glacial drift is from 2 to 6 m. Gold concentration in the fine fraction of till (<0.06 mm) is anomalous, varying from 4 to 50 ppb at the several sampling sites in the southern part of the area. In addition to geochemical anomaly, small gold nuggets which size varies from 0.1 to 0.5 mm approximately are found in the area. The number of nuggets can be more than 20 in heavy mineral concentrates. Drilling has revealed several hydrothermally altered deformation zones. The gold mineralization related alteration includes silification, carbonatization and enrichment of magnetite. Width of the intense deformation zones range from 1 to 10 m. Follow-up exploration is continuing. INTRODUCTION The Petäjälehto exploration target area is located ca. 80 km to the north from the centre of Sodankylä municipality in northern Finland (Fig. 1). The area is between the Paleoproterozoic Central Lapland Greenstone Belt and Lapland granulite complex and includes some Archaean rocks (Lehtonen et al.1998). The rocks have been metamorphosed at amphibolite facies conditions. Central Lapland situates in the area, which was the central part of the last Weichselian glaciation. The bedrock is covered by several metres of Quaternary glaciogenic deposits. In places, up to tens of metres thick Pre-Quarternary regolith has been preserved. However, typically the weathering crust is couple of metres thick and consists of the saprock part of the weathering profile. Session 2: Mapping Geochemical Data 1 23rd International Applied Geochemistry Symposium (IAGS). Oviedo, 14 – 19 June 2007 Fig. 1. Location of the Petäjälehto exploration target (red rectangle) in northern Finland and gold anomalies in till in an aeromagnetic map. PREVIOUS STUDIES Gold and copper anomalies revealed by the regional geochemical mapping of till, and N-S-orientated magnetic anomalies of the airborne geophysical survey encouraged starting an exploration for gold in the area. In addition, old gold prospectors have found gold nuggets from the gravels in the streams near the Petäjälehto target area. The exploration area is located on the southern part of the well-known Sotajoki- Tankavaara gold field in Finnish Lapland. A detailed geochemical sampling in a 100 m x 100 m grid was carried out in association of the regional geochemical mapping in 1985. In total 175 till samples taken by percussion drilling were assayed (size fraction <0.06 mm) with ICP-AES and GAAS. The results showed anomalous Session 2: Mapping Geochemical Data 2 23rd International Applied Geochemistry Symposium (IAGS). Oviedo, 14 – 19 June 2007