THE MOUNT RUSHMORE PRESIDENTS By THE PERIODIC TABLE OF THE PRESIDENTS™ A National Icon But, this national monument lies in the heart of sacred land The Black Hills of South Dakota tell a story of our country’s Somewhere in the black mining hills of South Dakota of the Lakota. To the Lakota, Mount Rushmore is a symbol past. Let’s take a closer look at Mount Rushmore and Crazy there lives Mount Rushmore - the quintessential American of invasion. Down the road from the presidents, you’ll find Horse, and the stories that surround these national treasures. monument. It took over fourteen years for workers to carve another monument - this one dedicated to Native Americans. The Crazy Horse Memorial is a work in progress and much National Parks the faces of four presidents into the side of a mountain. It’s a Mount Rushmore is a national park. work of art, unmatched in its scale and beauty. larger than Mount Rushmore. In fact, the presidents’ four heads could fit on Crazy Horse’s outstretched arm. TR worked to set aside land for our national parks. Mount Rushmore Badge George Washington Thomas Jefferson Abraham Lincoln Theodore Roosevelt How did Mount $ VP $ Look on the PTOTP and you’ll $1 2 5 VP ¢ Rushmore get its name? 5 2 ¢ see this icon in each of these 25¢ 2 1 2 1 presidents’ cells. 1 3 16 26 In 1885 a New York attorney named Charles Rushmore traveled to the By the Numbers Black Hills to do some law work for » 14+ years: Time to complete a mining company. According to » 8.10.1927: Start date the popular account, while out on » 10.31.1941: End date Gw Tj AAlt Tr horseback, Rushmore asked his guide » $989,992.32: Total cost 1789-1797 1801-1809 1861-1865 1901-1909 the name of the tall peak. His guide » 3,000,000+: Visitors per year replied that it had no name. The » 60 feet: Height of each head guide called it Rushmore, and the Founding Expansion Preservation Unification name stuck. Washington led the Jefferson wrote the As president during Roosevelt took on Location Continental Army Declaration of Indepen- the Civil War, Lincoln corporate monopolies 13000 Hwy. 244 during the Revolution- dence and doubled the preserved the Union to ensure the rights of Who made Mount Keystone, SD SD ary War, became the size of the U.S. with the through a time of rebel- the working man. TR Rushmore? first presdient, and is Louisiana Purchase. He lion and upheaval. His also gets credit for uni- Before his work on Rushmore, known as the Father of sent Lewis and Clark to work led to slavery’s end fying the Atlantic and Gutzon Borglum was a well-known His Country. explore the new land. in America. Pacific Oceans with the sculptor on both sides of the Atlan- Who was Crazy Panama Canal. tic. He had experience in carving mountains with his work on Stone Horse? Crazy Horse was a Lakota leader Mountain - a Confederate monu- Why these presidents? ment in Georgia. who fought to protect his land from “The purpose of the memorial is to communicate thefounding , expansion, American settlement. He is riding preservation, and unification of the United States with colossal statues of on a horse and pointing southeast to Borglum devoted most of his later Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt.” life to Rushmore. He passed away in the land where many of his ancestors -Gutzon Borglum are buried. Crazy Horse’s face is 87 1941, before the project’s comple- 1/2 feet tall, and his arm stretches out The sculptor, Gutzon Borglum, had the final say in who would appear on tion. It was Gutzon’s son, Lincoln, 263 feet. Mount Rushmore. Washington, Jefferson, and Lincoln were obvious choices, who saw the project to completion. but Roosevelt drew some criticism. TR’s inclusion on the monument might have been helped by the fact that Borglum and Roosevelt were friends. Calvin Coolidge Who is making the Crazy VP Keeping Cool in the Horse Memorial? 30 1 Summer White House In 1947 Henry Standing Bear, an An Abandoned Secret Room in Lincoln’s Head? Avoiding the hot, humid weather Oglala Lakota Chief, invited sculptor The Hall of Records was intended to be a great a room located behind of our nation’s capital, President Korczak Ziolkowski to carve a monu- Lincoln’s head. The room was never finished, but a smaller carved out space Cc Coolidge made his summer home ment for all Native American people. contains a sealed written record of why Mount Rushmore was created, who 1923-1929 near Mount Rushmore, at a lodge Korczak began his work in 1948 and carved it, and the identities of the four presidents. The words are etched on in Custer State Park. Coolidge ded- continued until his death in 1982. porcelain tile plates placed in a teakwood box that’s inside a titanium vault. icated the site of Mount Rushmore Today, Korczak’s family continues the in 1927, calling it “worthy of our work of the project. Country.” © 2017 PJ Creek, Jamie Creek, and Noah Creek. The Periodic Table of the Presidents. All rights reserved. periodicpresidents.com Sources: National Park Service, Crazy Horse Memorial, The White House We study history, periodically..