Strengthening Emergency Response Abilities SERA Project Vulnerability Profile Lemo Woreda (district) Hadiya Zone Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region 2000 Prepared with support from: Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission (DPPC) United States Agency for International Development (USAID) (SOAG 663.0021.00) Table of Contents Executive Summary........................................................................................................i 1. Background of the Project .........................................................................................1 1.1 Introduction to SERA project & the VP ........................................................1 1.2 Objectives of SERA & the Vulnerability profile.................................................1 1.2.1 Specific questions to be answered by the VP ...............................................2 1.3 Major Uses & Users of the profile....................................................................2 1.3.1 Major uses of the wereda vulnerability profile.............................................2 1.3.2 Major Users of the Profile.............................................................................2 1.4 Content of the Vulnerability Profile ..............................................................3 2. Methods, Sample Design and Instruments.................................................................4 2.1. Coverage and Sample Design .............................................................................4 2.2 Selection Scheme and Sample Size .....................................................................4 2.2.1 Selection of Sample PAs...............................................................................4 2.2.2 Selction of EAs .............................................................................................5 2.2.3 Selection of the key informants ....................................................................5 2.2.4 Selection of Elders for Community Focus Group Discussion......................6 2.3 Questionnaires and Field Instruments..................................................................6 2.4 Selection and Training of Field Staff...................................................................6 2.4.1 Training of Enumerators and Supervisors ....................................................7 2.4.2 Training of RRA Team .................................................................................7 2.5. Field Organization and Field Work ....................................................................8 2.5.1 Steps Followed to Get Communities Support during the Field Work..........8 2.5.2 Time Saving Steps Followed During the Field Work...................................8 2.5.3 Overall Methods/Approaches of Primary Data Collection Followed in the Field .......................................................................................................................9 2.6. Response Rate...................................................................................................11 2.7. Data Processing.................................................................................................11 2.8. Limitations and Constraints ..............................................................................11 3. Brief Background to the Wereda .............................................................................13 3.1. Geography and Natural Resources....................................................................13 3.1.1 Location ......................................................................................................13 3.1.2 Climate........................................................................................................13 i 3.2. Settlement History, Population and Culture .....................................................14 3.3. Existing Development Policies and Next Five Years' Plans.............................16 3.4 Brief Disaster History and specific Programs for Disaster Prevention, Food Security and Epidemics............................................................................................18 3.4.1 Brief Disaster History .................................................................................18 3.4.2. Specific Programs for Disaster Prevention, Food Security and Epidemics ..............................................................................................................................19 4. Some Vulnerability Indicators from Secondary Data..............................................21 4.1. Climate and Physical Environment...................................................................21 4.1.1 Temperature ................................................................................................21 4.1.2 Rainfall........................................................................................................21 4.1.3. Topography/Relief .....................................................................................23 4.1.4. Soils............................................................................................................24 4.1.5. Drainage Density and Surface Water Resources .......................................25 4.2. Demographic Indicators....................................................................................25 4.2.1. Population Distribution and Growth..........................................................25 4.2.2. Population Projection.................................................................................26 4.2.3. Population Density.....................................................................................26 4.2.4. Population Age-Sex Dependency Ratio.......................................................1 4.2.5. Mortality, Fertility and Migration................................................................2 4.3. Land Holding, Land Cover and Use ...................................................................2 4.3.1. Land Holding ...............................................................................................2 4.3.2. Land Use and Land Cover ...........................................................................3 4.4. Agricultural and Livestock Production...............................................................4 4.5. Market Prices and Wages....................................................................................7 4.6. Health Infrastructure, Services and Coverage ....................................................9 4.7. Educational Infrastructures, Services and School Participation Rates ............12 4.8. Agricultural Extension Coverage and Related Services ...................................13 4.9. Other Infrastructures (Water, Road, etc.)..........................................................16 4.9.2. Accessibility to Markets ............................................................................17 4.9.3 Accessibility to Potable Water Supply .......................................................17 4.10. Prevalence of Diseases....................................................................................18 4.11. Disasters and Disaster Affected Population....................................................19 5. Intra-Wereda Analysis of Vulnerability from the Key Informants’ Opinion Survey ..............................................................................................................................21 5.1 Descriptive Summaries of the Sample PAs. .....................................................21 ii 5.1.1 Anfar ...........................................................................................................21 5.1.2 Ambicho Godie...........................................................................................22 5.1.3 Shesha Gimba .............................................................................................22 5.1.4 Wogila Abera..............................................................................................23 5.1.5 Biramora Kemo..........................................................................................23 5.1.6 Molollicho...................................................................................................24 5.1.7 Shamsa Misie..............................................................................................24 5.2 Analysis by Agroecological Zone and Wereda .................................................25 5.2.1. Access to services and towns.....................................................................25 5.2.2. Agricultural Extension Coverage...............................................................26 5.2.3. Water Supply .............................................................................................27 5.2.4. Primary School Drop Out and Wastage.....................................................28 5.2.5. Vaccination Coverage/Immunization Status..............................................29 5.2.6. Land Holding .............................................................................................30 5.2.7. Wealth Ranking .........................................................................................31 5.2.8. Nutritional Perception................................................................................33 5.2.9. Women’s Status and Gender......................................................................35 5.2.10. Environmental Stress ...............................................................................37