CultureForecast 19th Annual Conference Reader Helsinki, Finland – 12-14 October 2011 1 Table of contents Words of welcome 4 Meet the teams 8 Scientific committee 10 Programme 11 Keynote speakers 14 Working groups session 15 Thematic areas 16 Research session 24 Study visits 33 Social programme 36 Practical information 39 Participants 43 About ENCATC 53 Notes 54 COVER Life Paths by Kaarina Kaikkonen Galerie Forsblom © Pekka Nikrus CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 2 3 Words of welcome Pekka Timonen, WDC Helsinki 2012 Paavo Arhinmäki, Minister of Culture and Sport Openness. That is the basis of attention on how design is embedded into ordinary life. World Design Capital Helsinki That means culture as well. 2012. In other words, we want - have a prevalent role both as recipients of public fun- In fact, there are few things in this world, if any, that to be as open as possible in ding and as providers of cultural services to citizens. In have been more important to human civilization than everything that we do. Open for Finland, they form the backbone of cultural infrastruc- culture. ture and are significant employers. suggestions and open for con- versation. And of course, open Culture is something that touches us, forces us to feel However, both the imminent cuts in public spending for our visitors. and makes us to think. Culture is a state of mind. and changes in patterns of cultural consumption, es- pecially by younger generations, pose significant cha- So, even though you are here Exactly the same can be said about design. llenges to cultural institutions. I am convinced that now, please come back the next What happens when design meets culture? How do you different cultural institutions will continue to play a year as well. Because I promi- design culture? Can you separate those two, design and crucial role as cultural service providers and local cultu- se you: If you like Helsinki in culture? ral hubs by opening up even more to their surrounding October, you will love it from cultural ecosystems and by becoming centres of exce- November to August. I leave the questions for you to answer. It is my great pleasure to welcome ENCATC 2011 llence that dynamically enrich their communities and Sure design can be beautiful. There is nothing wrong Have a wonderful time. Annual Conference and all its participants to Helsinki. enable cultural creativity and participation to flourish. with beauty. But at the end of the day design is more Ensuring that managers and staff of cultural institu- It goes almost without saying that the title of the than just objects, wow-architecture, clothes, furniture tions posses the skill-set needed is, of course, a key in Pekka Timonen Conference - “Culture Forecast” - is indeed topical. We or cell phones made of steel and glass. this respect and ENCATC has an important role to play are all preoccupied with trying to make sense of all the Executive Director, World Design Capital Helsinki 2012 in this connection. One of the main goals of WDC Helsinki 2012 is to draw changes that are currently transforming our societies, cultures, and economies. I don’t think that there are The other, rather obvious, remark that I want to make, any Ministers or Ministries of Culture anywhere who is that culture is not a detached part of our societies. wouldn’t be trying to strike an appropriate balance bet- Quite to the contrary, it is the foundation of all socie- ween safeguarding our cultural institutions and finding ties. I adhere to the analysis by the UK think-thank new models for cultural governance. Demos, who pointed out that the old understanding of Pekka Vartiainen, Finnish conference team culture as an indulgence that societies may tolerate, is, Obviously, this exercise takes place in a context of well, an old and redundant view. Instead, it is clear that “Nothing endures as chan- ral perspective this has meant that managers and other drastically diminishing public spending and important culture does, in addition to its inherent role and as a ge.” This famous sentence by cultural workers are facing new challenges and given changes in cultural needs and consumption by our ci- clue binding societies, bring significant added value to a Heraclitus over 2500 years ago new possibilities and opportunities. Preserving existing tizens. Both phenomena pose their distinct challenges, number of other policy objectives. These include, among seems to fit well in our present cultural services, offering new ones for those who are but also opportunities. others, economic, social, development, and external re- situation where societies are used to consume culture and for those who are not, in- However, I want to emphasise that not everything is lations policies. in motion all over the world. forming and marketing of possibilities to customers and changing. As far as Finland is concerned, I fully subscri- To predict future or even what producers within reach, building networks between in- To put it succinctly, there are several policies and po- be to basic cultural policy objectives as enshrined e.g. by will happen the day after tomo- terest groups and regions, nationally or internationally licy objectives that affect culture and cultural policy the Council of Europe; i.e. promoting cultural identity, rrow is something that can be – the nature of our future work field will be shaped by and vice-versa. Managing and harnessing this inter- diversity, participation and creativity. They remain va- characterized as an uncertain complex and manifold social interaction. play between different policies is vital in ensuring the lid and form a cornerstone also for today’s cultural po- action. Political, social and cul- policy space needed for effective cultural policies. The Forecasting the culture is as difficult as forecasting the licy agendas. The question is how to ensure the attain- tural changes are revising our UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion weather. ment of these objectives in today’s circumstances. everyday life with quick steps. of Cultural Expressions is a prime example in this res- Are we able to control these On behalf of the whole Finnish conference team and our Here, we don’t start from scratch. At the European le- pect. It is the first multilateral treaty on cultural policy changes? Do we have the right or local partners I wish you all a warm welcome. vel, the European Agenda for culture by the European and, indeed, a Magna Charta for international cultural even any tools to do that? Commission, reflection on new models for cultural go- policy. vernance by the Council of Europe, and our domestic Welcome to the 19th ENCATC Annual Conference. I would encourage cultural managers and workers to Pekka Vartiainen reflection in the form of Cultural Policy Strategy 2020 Titled “CultureForecast”, we will focus on future as- develop, and effectively communicate, arguments and and the Government Report to the Parliament on the pects that are shaping the cultural field. With our pe- Chairman of Finnish Conference Team cases on different positive impacts of culture. Future of Culture provide not only useful reflection but dagogical, practice oriented and theoretical approaches also put forward a number of concrete courses for action. After all, culture is not an indulgence belonging or affec- we give teachers, researchers, students and practitio- ting only some of us, but the very essence of being a ners possibilities to share their opinions on the present Since I cannot do justice to or elaborate the wealth of human. Culture belongs to everyone! situation and visions to conquer the challenges that information and intelligence contained in these, and face us right around the corner. other, documents, let me concentrate briefly on two as- I wish you a stimulating and productive conference and pects that may be of relevance to your conference: cultu- look forward to receiving the conference report. The ENCATC Annual Conference will center around ral institutions and the interplay between culture and three themes that have recently been focal points in other policy objectives. arts and cultural management. These are Culture and Paavo Arhinmaki the City, New Audiences as well as Networking. Social In several countries, cultural institutions - from natio- redistribution has led to a situation where more and Minister of Culture and Sport nal operas to municipal libraries and cultural centres more people are concentrated in cities. From a cultu- 4 5 Foreword Dear Members, Dear Colleagues It is a great pleasure for us to welcome you to Helsinki Taalas, Dr Katri Halonen and Dr Lidia Varbanova (YCPRF) which will regroup 40 young cultural poli- Our sincere gratitude goes to all the speakers who kin- on 12-14 October 2011 for the ENCATC 19th Annual will predict the future of the cultural management sec- cy emerging researchers from Europe and beyond on dly accepted to join us for this event. Their knowledge Conference, “Culture Forecast”. Set to become a mi- tor, by providing insight into a wide range of imminent October 11 - 12. will be crucial for forecasting the future scenario in the lestone event in the debate about future trends and questions: What new forms of creative organization will field of culture and education, for the quality of the de- To promote synergies between our members and their developments in the culture and education sector, this succeed in the future and who will participate? How will bate as well as for the future policy recommendations, students, but also to gather fresh and innovative ideas, important event puts the spotlight on three themes cultural production evolve in line with the changing role research and training needs. visions and perspectives from the future generation of that have recently been focal points in arts and cultural of artists, consumers and production work? Will mono- cultural managers, ENCATC invited around 90 stu- From the ENCATC team, ENCATC acknowledges management and which will determine future devel- polization, marketization, formatization and privatiza- dents to join the ENCATC Conference.