EVIDENCE OF SPECIAL AUTONOMY IN PAPUA FAILED Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) Natalius Pigai Member of National Human Rigths Commission of Indonesia 2012-2017 PROS AND CONS OF SPECIAL AUTONOMY IN PAPUA Papua’s Special Autonomy Law Number 21 of 2001 Jakarta PROS Jakarta Claims Success Papuans Cons the majority of Papuans PAPUA CONS (local government leaders & peoples) declare that Special Autonomy Fails Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 COMPARISON OF THE SPECIAL AUTONOMI FUND AND THE PAPUA CONTRIBUTION FUND TO THE CENTRAL GOVERMENT President Joko Widodo states the government has provided funds of IDR 94 trillion or $ 6.7 billion for 20 years (nb: exchange rate for $1 of IDR 14.000). Central Government an average of $714 million / Freeport year and $14,2 billion in 20 years These funds are too small and not special autonomy funds but Papuan people's property, Regional Only from Freeport's contribution to Central Government Government an average of $714 million / year and $14,2 billion From other of DKI $321 million per year in 20 years. Contribution to the Regional Businesses : or Government of DKI is $321 million per year or Tax & Share $6.4 billion $6.4 billion in 20 years. in 20 years. Central Not included contributions from other Government businesses dan tax from Papua. $ billion’s of 20 years Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 NUMBER OF POVERTY IN PAPUA 2001 - 2019 The total population of Papua (when was one Province) in 2001 was 2,285,291 inhabitants. Of this number, as much as 900,800 people (39%) are poor people. 2001 2007 2019 In 2007 West Papua become its own Province. The population of West Papua in 2007 was 716,000 people. Number of poor people is 266,800 (37.26%) Number of Poor People In West Papua & Papua Province, 2019 In 2019. The population of West Papua Province was 953,947, the number of Poor people was 211,490 (22.17%). PAPUA WEST PAPUA PAPUA + WEST PAPUA The total population of Papua Province is 3,364,911. 900.800 People 266.80 0 People 926.360 People (39%) (37,26 %) (27,53%) the number of poor people 926,360 (27.53%) 211.490 People (22,17%) Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 THE NUMBER OF POOR PEOPLE IN PAPUA OVER THE PAST 19 YEARS HAS RISEN BY 26,360 PEOPLE 2001 2019 For 19 years poor people increased by 26,360 900.800 People 926.360 People The number of poor people in Papua over the past 19 years has risen by 26,360 people Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 HIGHES NUMBER OF POOR PEOPLE IN INDONESIA (Comparison of the percentage of poor people betwen National & Papua) POOR PEOPLE IN 2019 Average National Poverty People 2019: 9.41%, while Papua Province gets poorer 27.53% and West Papua Province 22.17% NASIONAL PAPUA + WEST PAPUA (9.41%) (27,53%) + (22,17%) Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 HIGHEST INFLATION AND COST OF LIVING IN INDONESIA Papua and West Papua Provinces, the price of 1 sack of Cement in Jayawijaya PAPUA Regency is 500.000 IDR , Puncak Jaya Regency CEMENT and Pegunungan Bintang 1.2 million IDR. JAKARTA While Jakarta & National prices averaged 60,000 IDR The price of branded rice contains 25 kilograms of IDR 750,000-IDR.800,000 per sack PAPUA in Puncak Jaya Regency and Maybrat IDR 250.000 RICE whereas in Jakarta high-quality rice JAKARTA for 25 kilograms is only IDR 80,000 per bag. PAPUA In Pegunungan Bintang Regency, PETROL the price of Petrol Oil for 1 liter reaches IDR 40,000. OIL JAKARTA Whereas the current national price is only IDR.6,450. Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 HIV / AIDS THREATENED THE PAPUANS PEOPLE HIV-Positive cases detected through surveillance with the help of ELISA reagent test results as well as Western blot found that up to August 2010, 2010 2019 as many as 5,000 Papuans have AIDS and increase dramatically in 2019, 40,805 people were infected (source: Papua today, May 9 2019). The prevalence rate (number of cases) of HIV and AIDS in Papua and West Papua Provinces has reached 2.4 percent. While nationally it only reached 0.5 percent. The increasing number of HIV / AIDS prevalence will continue increased by a series of measurements. While the birth rate experienced minimal growth in a series of calculations, it is estimated that the Papuan population is threatened to be drastically reduced. WARNING !!! 5.000 Increase As many as 5,000 Papuans were affected by AIDS in 2010. Papuan’s Dramatically.Papuan’s It increased dramatically to 40,805 in 2019. Infected AIDS Infected AIDS The increase in the number was only in a period of 9 years 40.805 Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 THE LOWEST HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI) IN INDONESIA DURING SPECIAL AUTONOMY Compared HDI West Papua National HDI to the poorest Papua 2019 2019 64,70 71,92. Provinces 60,84 natural resources Bengkulu 72.14 The provinces of Papua and West Papua are the The Human Development Index in the Papua lowest HDI in Indonesia. In 20 years Special Province is the lowest of the national average and the lowest among the other Provinces in Indonesia. Autonomy failed to increase Papua's HDI from Jambi 58.8 in 2001 and in 2019 it was only 60.84 Even when compared to the poorest provinces, 71.99 natural resources such as Southeast Sulawesi 69.00, Bengkulu 72.14, Jambi 71.99. Sultra 69.00 Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 LOWEST EDUCATION PARTICIPATION IN INDONESIA WEST PAPUA PROVINCE PAPUA National average is more than 93.75% Educational Participation Rates in West Papua Province in 2019 as much as 63.19% for secondary Schools 69.92% primary schools. In 2019, the level of education participation in Papua Province was 79.19% for Primary Schools, 57.49% for secondary Schools and 44.32% High Schools. while the national average is more than 93.75%. With this figure the Province of Papua is located in 33rd place out of 33 provinces in Indonesia. This means that the level of education participation in the province of Papua is the lowest in Indonesia. SMP SD SMP SMU Secondary Schools Primary Schools Secondary Schools High Schools NATIONAL 93.75% 63,19% 69,92% 57,19% 44,32% Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 ILLITERACY IN PAPUA AND WEST PAPUA PROVINCES IS THE MOST IN INDONESIA Papua: In 2011, the percentage of illiterate population at Age 15-44 years as much as 34.56%. While the national 2.31%. In 2019 it will be 20.21 %. While the National 0.76%. The highest number of illiterate Papuans in Indonesia The second highest illiteracy rate after Papua is NTT as much as 2.51%. When comparing NTT and Papua alone the difference is far adrift by 19%. Very discriminatory When Special Autonomy began in 2002, the illiteracy rate in Papua was 26.50%. And in 2019 illiteracy rates aged 44 years and over 27.11%. And the number of illiterates increased by 1% in 19 years as special autonomy prevailed. No Caracteristic National Papua 1 Age under 15 years 4,10% 22% 2 Age 15-44 years 0,76% 20.21% 3 Age above 44 years 9,92% 27.11% Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 THE NUMBER OF PAPUANS AND NON-PAPUANS IS SEEN FROM IN AND OUT MIGRATION IN THE PROVINCES OF PAPUA AND WEST PAPUA Since 2000 as many as 667. 728 people have entered Papua and the number of people leaving Papua and West Papua is 125,461. Thus the number of migrants in Papua currently stands at 542,267 people. Of the 4.1 million inhabitants of Papua currently reduced by 542,267, Freeport there are currently 3,557,733 indigenous Papuans. At present there are No Years In-Migration Out - Migration 542,267 people in Papua migraines, if reduced by 4.1 million then Papuans are indigenous Papuans today 1 1980 96.079 15.559 as many as 3,557,733 inhabitants 2 2000 322.015 46.824 Nb : If the number of births is low and mortality is high and in-migration is high and 3 2010 685.969 136.500 out migration is low, there will be minimizing (zero) growth. 4 2015 763.807 141.020 Papuans will be endangered Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 HIGHEST MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE According to UNICEF Jakarta 2019. The maternal mortality rate in Papua is highest in Indonesia, reaching 305 per 1000 births. 30% of the 1000 mothers who give birth each year die 30% 30% of 1000 mothers give birth, die while giving birth to a child Natalius Pigai. Source : Base on Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS) 2000 - 2019 INFANT MORTALITY RATE National 2017 Papua 2017 the number of infant deaths in Papua is three times higher than in Jakarta. Number of infant deaths from routine data in 2017 as many as 257. This number increased from 2016 as many as 236 babies died.