GEOLOGY OF MORGAN COUNTY, OHIO DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State U n iv e r sity By DONALD LEONARD NORIXNG, B. A. The Ohio S ta te U n iv e r sity 1957 Approved by; A dviser 'Department of Geology TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION LOCATION 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .. 4 PURPOSE AND SCOPE 5 PREVIOUS WORK 7 PHYSIOGRAPHY GENERAL 9 DRAINAGE 14 RELIEF 14 STRATIGRAPHY PENNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM GEJSRAX 18 ALLEGHENY SERIES General 26 Kiddle Kittanning Clay Member 27 Kiddle Kittanning (No. 6) Coal Member 28 ¥ashingtonvilie Shale Member JO Upper K ittanning Coal Member J1 Lower Freeport Sandstone and Shale Member J2 Lower Freeport Limestone Member 55 Lower Freeport Clay Member 55 Lower Freeport (No. 6-A) Coal Member 55 Dorr Run Shale Member J6 Upper Freeport Sandstone and Shale Member J6 Bolivar Clay Member J8 Bolivar Coal Member 59 Upper Freeport Limestone Member 59 Upper Freeport Clay Member 40 Upper Freeport (No. 7) Coal Member 4l CCN3KAUGH SERIES General 45 Lower Mahoning Sandstone and Shale Member 48 Mahoning Limestone Member 51 Thornton Clay Member 52 Mahoning Coal Member 54 Upper Mahoning Sandstone and Shale Member 55 Mason Clay Member 57 ii iii Mason Coal Member 58 Brush Creek Shale and Sandstone Member 59 Brush Creek Coal Member 60 Brush Creek Limestone Member 6l Buffalo Sandstone and Shale Member 69 Wilgus Coal Member 72 Cambridge Limestone Member 75 Unnamed Shale Member 74 Bloomfield Limestone Member 75 Anderson Clay Member 75 Anderson Coal Member J6 P o r te r s v ille Shale and Limestone Member J& Cow Run Sandstone and Shale Member 79 Ewing Limestone Member 84 Barton Clay Shale Member 86 Barton Coal Member 87 Saltsburg Sandstone and Shale Member 90 Round Knob Clay Shale Member 92 Harlem Coal and Harlem Shale Members 95 Ames Limestone Member 97 Unnamed Shale and Sandstone Member 99 Graysport Limestone Member 101 Duquesne Shale, Clay, end Coal Members 102 Skelley Limestone Member 105 Birmingham Shale Member 104 Elk Lick Shale and Limestone, and Elk Lick Coal Members 106 Morgantown Sandstone and Shale Member 107 Clarksburg Limestone Member 109 Clarksburg Coal Member 110 Connellsville Sandstone and Shale Member 110 Lower Pittsburgh Limestone and Shale Member 112 Lower Little Pittsburgh Coal Member 115 Bellaire Sandstone and Shale Member 114 Upper L ittle Pittsburgh Clay Shale and Coal Members 115 Upper Pittsburgh Limestone Member 116 Pittsburgh Clay Member 120 iv MONONGAHELA SERIES General 122 Pittsburgh (No. 8 ) Coal Member X2U Upper P ittsburgh, Sandstone and Shale Member 127 Redstone Limestone and Shale Member 1 2 9 Redstone Clay Member I 3 0 Redstone (Pomeroy) (No. 8 -A) Coal Member 130 Pomeroy Sandstone Member 1 3 1 Fishpot Limestone and Shale Member 1 3 3 Fishpot Clay and Fishpot (No. 8 -B ) Coal Member 135 Lower Sewickley Sandstone and Shale Member 136 Meigs Creek Clay Shale Member 1 3 8 Meigs Creek (No. 9) Coal Member 138 Upper Sewickley Sandstone and Shale Member lljP Benwood Limestone and Shale Member 1)|1| Fulton Green Shale Member 11*8 Arnoldsburg Limestone and Shale Member 11*8 Arnoldsburg Coal Member 150 Arnoldsburg Sandstone and Shale Member 151 Uniontown Limestone and Shale Member 152 Uniontown (No. 10) Coal Member 1 5 3 Uniontown Sandstone and Shale Member 151* Waynesburg Limestone and Shale Member 155 Little Waynesburg (No. 10-A) Coal Member 156 Gilboy Sandstone and Shale Member 158 Waynesburg (No. 11) Coal Member 159 PERMIAN SYSTEM GENERAL 160 DUNKARD DIVISION 163 WASHINGTON SERIES General 161*. Cassville Shale Member 165 Elm Grove L im estone Member 166 Waynesburg Sandstone and Shale Member 167 Waynesburg ‘A* (No. 11-A) Coal Member 169 Mannington Sandstone and Shame Member 170 Interval from Mannington Sandstone to 3-72 Lower M arietta Sandstone Lower M arietta Sandstone Member 172 V QUATERNARY SYSTEM GENERAL 17k STRUCTURE GENERAL 186 Ames Limestone Member 188 i-’ittsburgh (No. 8) Goal Member 188 Meigs Creek (Ho* 9} Coal Member 190 ECONOMIC RESOURCES GENERAL 193 COAL General 193 Lower Kittanning (No. 5) Coal Member 195 Middle Kittanning (No. 6) Coal Member 196 Upper Freeport (Ho. 7) Coal Member 198 Pittsburgh (No. 8) Coal Member 200 Meigs Creek (No. 9) Coal Member 202 CLAY 20k SANDSTONE 205 LIMESTONE 206 MATER 207 SALT (BRINES) 208 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS 210 BIBLIOGRAPHY 215 APPENDIX A Representative Analyses of Middle Kittanning Coal 221 APPENDIX B Representative Analyses of Lower Freeport Coal 22I4 APPENDIX C Representative Analyses of Pittsburgh Coal 225 APPENDIX D Representative Analyses of Meigs Creek Coal 227 APPENDIX E Representative Analysis of Waynesburg 'A1 Coal 229 AUTOBIOGRAPHY 230 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Page FIGURES 1 Index Map and G eneralised G eologic Map o f Ohio 2 2 Map showing Boundaries of Political Townships 3 and of United States Geological Survey Topographic Quadrangles I G eologic Map o f Ohio Pocket II Composite Stratigraphic Chart Fo c ket III Map showing Location of Measured Sections and Traces of Stratigraphic Cross-sections Pocket IT Map — Measured Sections Middle Kittanning (No. 6) Coal Member 197 7 Map — Measured Secions Upper Freeport (No. 7) Coal 2'Iember 199 71 Map — Measured Sections P ittsburgh (No. 8) Coal Member 201 711 Map — Measured Sections Meigs Creek (No. 9) Coal Member 203 T ill Stratigraphic Cross-sections A - A* and B - B* through western York Township 175 XX Stratigraphic Cross-section C - C*, South Part, through Homer and Union townships 176 Z Stratigraphic Cross-section C - C1, North Part, through Deerfield and eastern York townships 177 XI Stratigraphic Cross-section D-D1, South Part, through Marion and Penn townships 178 XII Stratigraphic Cross-section D-D1, North Part, through M alta, Morgan, and B r is to l townships 179 XIII Stratigraphic Cross-section £ - E1, South Part through Windsor and southern Central townships 180 XT? Stratigraphic Cross-section E - Er, North Part through western Center, and Manchester townships 181 vi vii PLATES XV S tratigrap h ic O ross-section F - F1, West Part, through York, Deerfield, Malta, and Morgan townships 102 XVI Stratigraphic Cross-section F - F', East Part, through Morgan, Meigsville, and Center townships 183 XVII Stratigraphic Cro3s-section G - G’ , West P a rt, through Union and Marion townships I8I4. XVIII Stratigraphic Cross-section G - G’, East Part, through Marion and Windsor townships 185 XIX Structure Map - Top of Ames Limestone 18? XX Structure Map - Base Pittsburgh Coal I89 XXI Structure Map - Base Meigs Greek Coal 192 INTRODUCTION LOCATION Norgal County is located in southeastern Ohio, approximately 55 miles southeast of Columbus, 15 miles south of Zanesville, and 40 miles northwest of Marietta. It is bounded on the north by Muskingum County, on the east by Noble and Washington counties, on the south by Washington and Athens counties, and on the west by Athens and Perry counties (Figure 1, p. 2). It lies between longitude 8l degrees 35 minutes and 82 degrees 05 minutes west, and latitude 39 degrees 27 minutes and 39 degrees 46 minutes north. The county embraces a land area of 420.79 square miles (Sherman, 1933s Table, p. 49)• Most of the county has been subdivided according to the Congressional System of Land Survey. The irregularly shaped county is included within portions of three surveys and includes Townships 6 and 7 North, Ranges 10 and 11 West; Townships 8 to 11 North, Ranges 11 and 12 West; and Townships 7 to 10 North, Ranges 13 and 14 West. It has been mapped topographically on the United States Geological Survey McCormelsville quadrangle, and on adjoining portions of the New Lexing­ ton, Zanesville, Philo, Cumberland, Caldwell, Parkersburg, ChesterhiH, and Athens quadrangles (Figure 2, p. 3) • Morgan County includes the political townships of York, Deer­ field , Union, Homer, Bloom, Morgan, Malta, Penn, Marion, Bristol, Meigs- v ille, Windsor, Manchester, and Center (Figure 2, p. 3). 1 c. WILL SAN OUS ORA f fit. A UL tf£0 i a T R A HAH0NtN&% ANCO € ASHLAM RICH L AH O OLDMSI ANA N H HOI s ca a At/ OCA t* £ irow\ ^SiS$$Si3&^rvsC'w>VAS w ^ ^ m m m k SHBS. UNtO HISO DELAW. OS HO C T ON. W//////M H > N O SUERNSEY^KvsN.'Js>\'vvvvt ys e/LM O Mr. RANH LI M U S K I N O UH tew'fai's ADIS' &&Z2C/W/4/""A 78 no a ?////////W,O H R O iPREB FAIRFIELD. iC K A W A r m z f a v e r r 7/S/" 1 N-GsS®UOC WAS BtuillARRE 58999^O’R 0 O l (CIA m isSstA H A f i t t L T O fit ' m m 1175412 ACK FIGURE O A fit INDEX MAP AND C-ElffiRALIZED GEOLOGIC MAP A WRENC OF OHIO 3 ~ ~ 1 P6RRY coC ZANESVILLE CUMBERLAND Y o P J W C I U VILLC NEW I C S H T fH j LEXINGTON CALDWELL t WASMI«*6TON CO. HO WASHtKCVON CO. ^Thesis "ca t ATHENS CHESTER™ LL PARKERSBURG FIGURE 2 MAP OF MORGAN COUNTY 5HOWJNG BOUNDARIES OF POLITICAL TOWNSHIPS AND OF U3.G.S. TOPOGRAPHIC QUADRANGLES ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The writer gratefully acknowledges the assistance and advice of those who have given their time so willingly during the course of the f ie ld work and in the preparation of th is rep ort. Special thanks are due to John H* Melvin, former State Geologist, and the Geological Survey of Ohio for financial assistance during the summer field seasons o f 191*8 and 1 9h9; to Ralph J. Bemhagen, State Geologist; to Dr. J. Osborn Fuller of the Department of Geology, The Ohio State University, who served as adviser and who furnished valuable suggestions during the preparation of this report; to Charles M.