WEATHER Weather Extremes: Assessment of Impacts on Trans- port Systems and Hazards for European Regions Deliverable 3 Innovative emergency management strategies Status: Public Version: 2.1 (final) Date: 16.09.2011 Authors: Anestis Papanikolaou (CERTH), Vangelis Mitsakis (CERTH), Katerina Chrysostomou (CERTH), Christian Trinks (KIT), Ina Partzsch (Fraunhofer-ISI) Study funded under the 7th framework program of the European Commission WEATHER D3: Innovative emergency management strategies Document details This document should be cited as: A. Papanikolaou, V. Mitsakis, K. Chrysostomou, C. Trinks, I. Partzsch (2011): ―Innovative emergency management strategies‖ within the research project WEATHER (Weather Extremes: Impacts on Trans- port Systems and Hazards for European Regions) funded under the 7th framework program of the European Commission. Project co-ordinator: Fraunhofer-ISI. Document title: Deliverable 3: ―Innovative emergency management strategies― Lead Author: A. Papanikolaou, V. Mitsakis, K. Chrysostomou, C. Trinks, I. Partzsch Version: 2.1(final) Date: 16.09.2011 Status: Public Quality review: Accepted: The WEATHER project: Full title: WEATHER – Weather Extremes: Impacts on Transport Systems and Hazards for European Regions. Duration: November 1st 2009 to April 30th 2012 Funding: Call 2008-TPT-1, 7th framework program of the European Commission, Directorate General for Research and Technical Development Contract.: Grant Agreement no. 233 783 Consortium: Fraunhofer-Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI), Karlsruhe – project co-ordinator Fraunhofer-Institute for Transportation and Infrastructure Systems (IVI), Dresden Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Helenic Institute for Transport (HIT), Thessaloniki Société de Mathématiques Appliquées et de Sciences Humaines - International re- search Center on Environment and Development (SMASH-CIRED), Paris Karlsruhe Institute for Technology (KIT), Institute for Industrial Production (IIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Studies for the Integration of Systems (ISIS), Rome HERRY Consult GmbH, Vienna Agenzia Regionale Prevenzione e Ambiente dell'Emilia Romagna (ARPA-ER), Ser- vizio Idro-Meteo-Clima (SIMC), Bologna NEA Transport Research and Training, Zoetermeer Internet: www.weather-project.eu Contact: Dr. Claus Doll Fraunhofer-Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI), Breslauer Str. 48, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany, T: +49 721 6809-354, E: [email protected] 2 WEATHER D3: Innovative emergency management strategies TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................. 10 1 Setting the scene ................................................................................................ 15 1.1 Introduction to the WEATHER project ................................................ 15 1.2 Project objectives and work plan ........................................................ 15 1.3 Position of WP3 in the framework of the WEATHER project ............... 16 1.4 Objective of Deliverable 3................................................................... 17 1.5 Structure of Deliverable 3 ................................................................... 17 PART A: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT: A TOP-DOWN APPROACH ......................................................................................................... 19 2 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 20 3 Basic concepts ................................................................................................... 22 4 Emergency Management context ...................................................................... 28 5 The transformation of the Emergency Management concept ......................... 30 5.1 Comprehensive Emergency Management .......................................... 30 5.2 Integrated Emergency Management .................................................. 36 6 Linking Emergency Management procedures with the transport sector .................................................................................................................. 40 6.1 The role of transport networks in EM operations - Towards Emergency Transport Management ................................................... 40 6.2 Further discussion .............................................................................. 41 PART B: ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR ........................ 43 3 WEATHER D3: Innovative emergency management strategies FIRST SECTION: ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES ......................................................... 44 7 Meteorological risk and emergency transport management (ETM) ................ 45 7.1 Integrating meteorological risk into ETM ............................................. 46 7.2 Barriers and strategies ....................................................................... 50 7.3 Good practices ................................................................................... 51 7.3.1 Natural hazard management at OEBB AG ......................................... 52 7.3.2 Geographical information system (GIS) on natural hazards at SBB ................................................................................................ 55 7.3.3 Common safety method (CSM) on risk evaluation and assessment ........................................................................................ 56 8 Meteorological information ................................................................................ 62 8.1 Severe weather warnings and Emergency Transport Management ...................................................................................... 62 8.2 Information flow process during emergencies ..................................... 70 8.3 Road weather information system (RWIS) .......................................... 73 8.3.1 RWIS in Europe ................................................................................. 78 9 Improvement through cooperation ................................................................... 82 SECOND SECTION: Technological issues .............................................................. 85 10 Review of Technologies in the Transport Sector ............................................. 86 10.1 Towards all embracing ITS ................................................................. 86 10.2 Overview of Technologies .................................................................. 87 10.3 Information Collection Technologies ................................................... 90 10.4 Information Processing Technologies ................................................. 92 10.5 Information Transmission Technologies ............................................. 95 11 Best practices: Emergency Management ITS ................................................. 102 11.1 Classification of IT systems (based on their automation level) ................................................................................................ 102 4 WEATHER D3: Innovative emergency management strategies 11.2 Applications and Use Cases ............................................................. 104 11.3 Further discussion ............................................................................ 111 12 The second WEATHER Project Workshop: ‘Organizing Emergency Management strategies for the transport sector with the use of innovative IT systems’ ..................................................................................... 113 12.1 General information .......................................................................... 113 12.2 Brief description of the Workshop concept ....................................... 113 12.3 Workshop discussion and conclusions ............................................. 114 PART C: POLICY GUIDELINES ..................................................................... 124 13 Overall conclusions ......................................................................................... 125 13.1 General remarks .............................................................................. 125 13.2 Policy issues and priorities ............................................................... 125 14 Outlook of WEATHER Project Deliverable 3: Innovative Emergency Management Strategies ............................................................... 131 14.1 Comparison of objectives and results ............................................... 131 14.2 Overall achievement ......................................................................... 135 15 References ........................................................................................................ 136 5 WEATHER D3: Innovative emergency management strategies Index of tables Table 1: The framework of ETM operation .................................................................. 41 Table 2: Attributes of transport systems as input for the risk analysis .......................... 47 Table 3: Barriers and strategies to implement meteorological risk into ETM ................ 50 Table 4: Acceptance principles and requirements ....................................................... 59 Table 5: Severe weather warnings in Europe .............................................................. 64 Table 6: Warning levels METEOALARM ..................................................................... 67 Table 7: RWIS components ........................................................................................