Brexit: Its Roots, Growth, and Fruits Wednesday, November 16, 2016 Presented By the IADC International Committee Welcome! The Webinar will begin promptly at 12:00 pm CST. Please read and follow the below instructions: • For you information, this Webinar presentation is being recorded. • If you have not already done so, please join the conference call. • Mute your phone line. If you do not have a mute button or are on a cell phone, press *1 to mute your phone. • If you are on a conference phone, please move all cellular or wireless devices away from the conference phone to avoid audio interference. • If you have questions during the presentation, you may utilize the Q&A pod on the upper-right-hand side of your screen. You may type questions here and it will be sent to the presenter for response. If your question is not answered during the presentation, our presenter will answer questions at the end of the webinar. • Visit the “Files” pod in the lower-right-hand corner of the screen if you would like to download a copy of this PowerPoint presentation. Type your questions for presenters here in the Q&A Pod Click on the file name to download this Power Point or any referenced documents IADC Webinars are made possible by a grant from The Foundation of the IADC. The Foundation of the IADC is dedicated to supporting the advancement of the civil justice system through educational opportunities like these Webinars. For more information on The Foundation, visit www.iadcfoundation.org. Presenter William J. Perry Carter Perry Bailey LLP London, England [email protected] 70 60 50 40 30 20 POPULATION (MILLIONS) POPULATION 10 5 0 NEW YORK CALIFORNIA UNITED KINGDOM 19.7M 38.8M 64.1M Gaius Julius Caesar Marcus Ulpius Traianus William the Conquerer Drake Elizabeth I Pepys St Vincent Nelson Fisher Jellicoe Richard the Lionheart Edward III tomb, Westminster Abbey Henry V John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke of Wellington “The British government and the British people have been through a searching debate during the last few years on the subject of their relations with Europe. The result of this debate has been our present application. It was a decision arrived at, not on any narrow or short-term grounds, but as a result of a thorough assessment over a considerable period of the needs of our own country, of Europe and of the free world as a whole. We recognise it as a great decision, a turning point in our history, and we take it in all seriousness. In saying that we wish to join the EEC, we mean that we desire to become full, whole-hearted and active members of the European Community in its widest sense and to go forward with you in the building of a new Europe.” Edward Heath, 1961 “The recent report of the Brussels Commission had shown clearly that membership of the EEC was incompatible with the economy of Britain, with her chronic deficiency in balance of payments. It was also incompatible with the British tradition of obtaining cheap food from all parts of the world.” Charles de Gaulle on Britain’s bid to enter the EEC “We do not pretend, and never have pretended, that we got everything we wanted in these negotiations. But we did get big and significant improvements on the previous terms. We confidently believe that these better terms can give Britain a New Deal in Europe. A Deal that will help us, help the Commonwealth, and help our partners in Europe. That is why we are asking you to vote in favour of remaining in the Community.” Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of Britain, 1975 The 5 June 1975 Referendum 67.2% 17,378,581 32.77% 8,470,078 Turnout: 64.03% It was not plain sailing from there… “I WANT MY MONEY BACK!” In 1980, at the beginning of a tussle which would last four years, Margaret Thatcher, the then Prime Minister of the UK, fought for the UK’s contributions to the EEC to be adjusted. NO! NO! NO! Thatcher’s response to the call by European Commission president Jacques Delors' for the European Parliament to be the democratic body of the European Community, the commission to be the executive and the Council of Ministers to be the senate, 1990 "We have not successfully rolled back the frontiers of the state in Britain, only to see them re-imposed at a European level, with a European super-state exercising a new dominance from Brussels." Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of Britain 1985: The Schengen Treaty is signed, creating a borderless zone across most of the member states. The UK doesn’t sign up. 1992: The Maastricht Treaty is signed. Britain negotiates opt-outs on monetary union and social policy. 1992: Britain is forced to withdraw the pound sterling from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism. 1993: John Major forces down back-bench rebellion over the Treaty as he is warned it undermines parliamentary sovereignty. 1999: France and Britain come to blows over the former’s ban on UK beef in the face of “mad cow disease”. Despite the EU telling France to lift the ban, this is not done until years later. 2000: British chocolate finally sold in Europe after a 27-year dispute over ingredients. 2002: Euro coins and notes become the legal tender of the EU member states participating in the single currency. The UK doesn’t sign up. 2011: The UK disputes Europe’s to introduce a levy on banks and restrict London’s financial sector. David Cameron promises to bring back powers from Brussels. President of the European President of the European President of the European Council: Parliament: Martin Schulz Commission: Jean-Claude Juncker Donald Tusk High Representative of the Union for Foreign Secretary of State for Exiting the Affairs & Security Policy: Federica Mogherini European Union: David Davis • EU red tape is suffocating UK economy and Brexit can set us free The Telegraph, April 2016 • Drowning in red tape? The Economist, March 2016 • Shock at colossal waste of £33 billion each year on Brussels red tape Daily Express, March 2015 23 June 2016 Remain: 48.1% Leave: 51.9% 16,141,241 votes 17,410,742 votes Turnout: 72.2% "Funny, isn't it. You know, when I came here 17 years ago, and I said that I wanted to lead a campaign to get Britain to leave the European Union, you all laughed at me. Well I have to say, you're not laughing now are you?“ Nigel Farage, then leader of UKIP "The British have chosen a route which it was thought was closed for all time and you were some of those who believed it was closed. Those who said 'It's all irreversible, the European Union is irreversible', well, the British people have told you where to get off.“ Marine Le Pen, leader of the French National Front "The British people, understandably didn't like being patronised or slut-shamed so they looked closely, and with increasingly attention, to the arguments.” Michael Gove “All political lives end in failure.” David Cameron upon realising the Remain campaign had lost. "Europe isn't exclusively a cerebral affair. Obviously we have to think but equally when you're sad, it's acceptable to be sad and I am sad after this vote in the UK and I make no secret of it. The British vote has cut off one of our wings, as it were, but we're still flying." Jean-Claude Juncker "If English votes drag us out of the EU that would be like Britannia waives the rules. There was a democratic vote. We voted to remain. I tell you that the last thing that the people of Ireland need is an EU border with 27 member states stuck right in the middle of it.“ Martina Anderson, MEP for Irish republican party Sinn Fein "We will need cool heads and warm hearts but please remember this - Scotland did not let you down.” Alyn Smith, MEP for the Scottish National Party "We respect and at the same time regret the UK decision, but the European Union as such is not at risk. We would be happy if the request for Brexit could happen as quickly as possible, so we can take the specific steps that need to be taken, and so that relations with the UK, which must remain on a friendly basis, can take on a new shape. And that means that only those can have unlimited access to the internal market who accept that there will be free access for persons and goods. There can be no a la carte access to the single market.“ Jean-Claude Juncker, President of the European Commission "It would be a fatal error to assume that the negative result in the UK referendum represents a specifically British issue... The Brexit vote is a desperate attempt to answer the questions that millions of Europeans ask themselves daily. Questions about the guarantees of security of the citizens and their territory, questions about the protection of their interests, cultural heritage and way of life. These are questions we would have to face even if the UK had voted to remain.“ Donald Tusk, President of the European Council "Brexit is not a liability. I see it more as an opportunity... Our duty, our responsibility is to make Brexit a success for Europe, for all the citizens of Europe. And it is a possibility to end the dramatic complexity of our institutions. Brexit is not a matter of punishment, it's not a matter of revenge.“ Guy Verhofstadt, European Parliament's Brexit negotiator It is said that those who voted Leave were mainly driven by anxieties about immigration.