International Conference on Widowhood “WIDOWs’ VoICEs – EMPOWEREd” Women for Human Rights, single women group International Conference on Widowhood “WIDOWS’ VOICES – EMPOWERED” Organized by Women for Human Rights, single women group (WHR) Date: 24th – 25th June, 2010 Published by: Women for Human Rights, single women group (WHR) Supported by: European Commission Published date: September 2010 Edition: First C CopyrightWHR WHR. All rights reserved. Nepal Women for Human Rights, single women group (WHR) Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal Concept, Design & Print : Print Point Publishing ... 3P Tripureshwor, Kathmandu 4249674, 4249675 Acknowledgement idowhood is the most neglected of all Subba, Member of Bhutani Mahila Manch, gender and human rights issues among Bhutan; Philipp Thien, from Friedrich Ebert Wwomen’s issues. Confl ict, violence, Stiftung, Germany; Dr. Mohini Giri, Chairperson HIV/AIDs and natural disasters have created of Guild of Service, India; Dr. Deepali Bhanot, a phenomenal number of widows of all ages. Life Member of Guild of Service, India; Dr. Felix Many of them are victims of cultural practices Sugirtharaj, Hony. Secretary of Coastal Poor and violence, have been displaced and have no Development Action, India; Helen Chandra, access to resources. Widows tend to be invisible Executive Secretary of Centre of Association and their voices unheard at all levels. for Rural Education and Services (CARES), India; Shilpa Kashelkar, Women’s Right In this regard, Women for Human Rights, Coordinator of Yuva, India; Anindit Roy single women group (WHR) organized the Chowdhury, Regional Resource Mobilization International Conference on Widowhood Offi cer of UNIFEM South Asia Regional Offi ce, “Widows’ Voices-Empowered” on June 24 and India; Dr. Masuma Hasan, Board Member of 25, 2010, to make them visible and to ensure AURAT Foundation and member of SANWED, their eff ective participation at all levels. Pakistan; Anuradha Wickramasinghe, Chairman of Small Fishers Federation, On behalf of WHR, we would like to take this Sri Lanka; Maj. Gen. Dr. Dudley Perera, opportunity to express our sincere thanks to all Chairman of Ranaviru Family Counseling and individuals and organizations without whom Support Service (RFCSS), Sri Lanka; Margaret this International Conference on Widowhood Owen, Director of Widows for Peace through and our endeavour to address the issues of Democracy (WPD) and International Focal widows in both national and international arena Person of SANWED, UK; Jennie O Hara, from couldn’t be succeeded. University of Manchester, U.K.; Sandy Ramsey, We are very grateful to Rt. Honourable President of Crisis Recovery International, President Dr. Ram Baran Yadav, the First USA; and Beth Fairleigh, member of Crisis President of Nepal for providing us his valuable Recovery International, USA for their valuable time and opportunity to meet with our participation and contribution in the conference international and distinguished delegates. We despite of their busy schedule. would also like to appreciate for the recognition We would also like to thank Mahendra Prasad and the support shown by the government of Shrestha, Secretary, Ministry of Women, Nepal for the widows’ movement. Children and Social Welfare, Atmaram Pandey, We are indebted to Honourable Minister Joint Secretary of Planning Commission; Kedar Sarwadev Prasad Ojha for accepting our Poudel, Joint Secretary of Ministry of Law and invitation to attend the event as a Chief Guest Justice and Ratna Kaji Bajracharya, Joint and WHRfor his commitment to work for social NepalSecretary, Ministry of Women, Children and security of the widows. Social Welfare for chairing the sessions and Dr. Bidya Nath Koirala, M.Phil Program We are thankful to all the distinguished guests Coodinator and Prakash Mani Sharma, Advocate, and international delegates Homaira Ferozi, Executive Director of ProPublic for supporting as Educational Coordinator of Women for Afghan moderators during country paper presentations. Women, Afghanistan; Margaret Becker, from We are grateful to Felix Neuhaus of DED for University of Adelaide, Australia; Sarah Homan, facilitating during the thematic discussion. We from University of Adelaide, Australia; Rupa highly acknowledge the support received from Nainkala Thapa, President of National Women’s DED Nepal and FES Nepal for providing us the Commission, Amuda Shrestha, Member of fi nancial and technical support for organizing National Women’s Commission and Astalaxmi the conference. Shakya, the Former Minister of Nepal. WHR advisors, board members, staff members We would like to appreciate the participation of and the volunteers deserve the special the International volunteers for country paper gratitude for supporting in organizing and presentation. Also, the special gratitude goes managing the conference successfully. to all the authors who have contributed by writing articles in the book “A Journey towards Lastly, on behalf of WHR, we would like to thank Empowerment and The Status of Single everyone who participated and contributed for Women in Nepal” which was launched during the conference and to all those who provided the conference. us their valuable time irrespective of their busy schedules to attend the conference and We would also like to express our sincere supported to make the event successful. gratitude to all the media personnel and various media channels that participated in the conference and supported us by highlighting the objectives of the conference and the issues of widows for public awareness through both the print and electronic media. Lily Thapa Chandrika Bhattarai We are very thankful to European Commission Founder President President and the Strategic Partners DanidaHUGOU, WHR WHR WHR Nepal Abbreviation CARES Centre of Association for Rural Education and Services CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women DED Deutscher Entwicklungsdienst (German Development Service) FES Friedrich Ebert Stiftung HIV/AIDs Human Immunodefi ciency Virus/Acquired Immune Defi ciency Syndrome HUGOU Human Rights and Goal Governance MDGs Millennium Development Goals RFCSS Ranaviru Family Counseling and Support Service SANWED South Asian Network for Widows’ Empowerment in Development SWG Single Women Group UNIFEM United Nations Development Fund for Women WPD Widows for Peace through Democracy WHR Women for Human Rights, single women group WHR Nepal WHR Nepal Contents 1 ............. About WHR 1 ............. Background and Concept of International Conference 2 ............. Goals and Objectives of the Conference 2 ............. Participations 3 ............. Pre-Conference Meetings 3 ............. Committees 3 ............. Press meet 4 ............. Proceeding of the Conference 4 ............. Day 1: 24th June, 2010 4 ............. Peace Rally 4 ............. Inauguration of the Conference 4 ............. Welcome and Highlights of the Conference 5 ............. Keynote Speeches 9 ............. Launching of the Book “ A Journey towards Empowerment and The Status of Single Women in Nepal” 9 ............. Vote of Thanks 9 ............. Country Paper Presentations 13 ............. Documentary Show 14 ............. Meeting with Rt. Honourable President Dr. Ram Baran Yadav 15 ............. Day 2: 25th June, 2010 15 ............. Heritage Walk 15 ............. Plenary Session Presentation 17 ............. Thematic Group Work and Discussion 18 ............. Kathmandu Declaration 18 ............. Conclusion 19 ............. Annex 19 ............. Annex 1 Countries Represented in the Conference 20 ............. Annex 2 Districts Represented in the Conference 21 .............WHR Annex 3 Committee Members Nepal 23 ............. Annex 4 Schedule of the Conference 26 ............. Annex 5 Schedule of Heritage Walk 27 ............. Annex 6 List of Participants 35 ............. Annex 7 Keynote Speakers, Chairs, Moderators and Facilitators 36 ............. Annex 8 Country Paper Presentations 64 ............. Annex 9 Plenary Session Presentations 73 ............. Annex 10 Thematic Group Work and Discussion 84 ............. Annex 11 The Kathmandu Widows’ Declaration About WHR omen for Human Rights, single women on fi ve working areas which are Socio-Cultural group (WHR), established in 1994, is Empowerment and Movement, Economic Wa Non-Governmental Organization Empowerment and Mobilization, Justice, actively working for the human rights of the Human Rights and Peace, Local Governance and single women (widows) in Nepal. It has been Institutional and Organizational Development. dedicated to create an active network of widows across the nation, regional and international level. WHR aims for an equitable Divorcees society where widows are respected and can Widows live in dignity with suffi cient social, cultural, Single Women economical, legal and political rights. as defi ned Unmarried women over 35 years of age by WHR WHR works with single women; widows, wives Wives of Missing Husbands of missing husbands, divorcees, unmarried women of 35 years of age or women separated Separated but not divorced from but not divorced from their husbands. It their Husbands defi nes “widows” as “single women” through a national declaration. WHR focuses WHR focuses for 99% on Widows Background and Concept of International Conference hroughout Asia, the issues of widows are in which the widow is forced to have intercourse pervasive. The unprecedented rise in the with a relative of her deceased husband before Tnumbers of widows has been caused by being allowed