Scientific Naming write down the stuff in purple History of Ecology and Natural History Classification of living organisms - Aristotle 384-322 B.C. scala naturae - Linnean classification – binomial nomenclature (two-name name caller) 1. Carolus Linnaeus – 1707-1778 2. Natural Relationships Morphologically similar – Reflection of God’s Plan of Creation 3. 1758 systema naturae Need for a change Solanum caule inermi herbaceo, foliis pinnatis integerrimus': This is what Linnaeus called the species. Freely translated into English, he called this species "The Solanum with a weak, herbaceous stem and pinnately compound leaves with entire margins". Even he considered this quite a mouthful, so he added a single word reference to it in the margin. Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, (“-idea” added to the genus) genus, species Together, the Genus and species form the “scientific name” The genus is the “generic” name from the Latin “genus”-origin, birth group of closely related animals (or plants) The species is the “specific” name from Latin “species”-appearance, type it is individual and separate for each type of creature, either an adjective modifying the genus, or the genitive of a person’s name Scientific names- Genus and species Where does the name come from? Should describe the species Should provide useful information about the species (location, behavior, who discovered) Should not be vulgar!! The Format: Should be Latinized [looks Latin] Always underlined or italicized Micro di pod ops megacephalus Genus name capitalized Small two foot looking big head Species name never capitalized Dasypus novemcinctus cingo, cinctus-to gird as if for battle, put on your sword belt The nine-banded armadillo (with hairy/rough feet) Procyon lotor Pro-before, kuon-Gk. Dog (ancestor of dogs), lotor-a washer (washes it’s food) North American racoon Ursus arctos horribilus The Grizzly Bear -is a sub-species of the Brown Bear (Ursos arctos) which is why it has 3 names Ursus- L. bear Arktos- Gk. Bear (and yes, the word Arctic comes from the word for bear) B. System of binomial nomenclature Humans Wile E. Coyote • Kingdom Animalia Animalia • Phylum Chordata Chordata • Class Mammalia Mammalia • Order Primates Carnivora • Family Homonoidae Canidae • Genus Homo Canis • Species sapiens latrans (tricky) What is a Felis nigripes? Felis- nigri – pes – What is a Felis nigripes? One of the world’s smallest wild cats. Found in southern Africa. Descriptive Location Mule deer Odocoileus hemionus White-tailed deer odous-tooth, koilos-hollow O. virginianus hemionos-half-ass, mule Virginian hollow- (has big ears like a mule) tooth Named after a person Brow-antlered Deer Cervus eldi Schomburgk’s deer cervus- L. deer, Genitive Eld Cervus schomburgki deer of Percy Eld (Eld’s deer) deer of Robert Schomburgk Elaphurus davidianus named after Pere Armand David (his name is made into an adjective) elaphos-Gk deer Martes americana American marten or pine marten Martes flavigula yellow-throated marten martes- marten (prob. from the god Mars) flavus-? gula-gullet or throat Match the name to the fish Hyphessobrycon peruvianus Rosy tetra Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis Hyphessobrycon flammeus lemon tetra Hyphessobrycon rosaceus Red tetra Loreto tetra from Peru Match the name to the fish mylossoma = millstone shaped Norman’s Headstander Aphyocharax rubripinnis Abramites microcephalus Mylossoma aureum Bloodfin Match the name to the fish Malapterurus electricus Jordanella floridae Epalzeorhynchus bicolor Electric catfish Red-tailed shark Flagfish from Florida Match the name to the fish Betta splendens Betta pugnax Betta fusca.