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University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 A Xerox Education Company 73-2085 NEFF, Donald Richard, 1933- VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN STATE AND FEDERAL ADULT CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1972 Education, vocational University Microfilms, A XEROXCompany, Ann Arbor, Michigan THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFIIMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED. VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN STATE AND FEDERAL ADULT CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES .SO* DISSERTATION Presented, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Donald Richard Neff, B.S.Ed., M. Ed. ******** The Ohio State University 1972 Approved by: College of Education PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have indistinct print. Filmed as received. University Microfilms, A Xerox Education Company ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The v/riter wishes to express his sincere appreciation to his Major Adviser, Dr. Robert M. Reese, v/ithout whose guidance, cooperation, and interest this task could not have been completed. Special gratitude is expressed to the members of my proposal, reading, and dissertation oral committee, Dr. Simon Dinitz and Dr. J. Robert Warmbrod for their time and assistance. Appreciation is also extended to the U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and the individuals who made it possible for the v,rriter to be a recipient of a leadership development award under Section 552 of the Education Professions Development Act. Without this assistance and encouragement this project would never have been undertaken. Gratitude is expressed to the Ohio penal educators who cooperated and field tested the survey instrument, as well as those educators who gave of their busy schedules and responded to the survey. Words cannot express the gratitude and appreciation that the writer owes his wife, Jean, for her patiences, encouragement, and assistance, in this project from its start to the final typing. My sincere appreciation is also extended to my two children, Denise and Diana, v/ho have been extremely patient and cooperative, ii VITA December 4j 1933. Born -Xenia, Ohio. 1 9 5 1 ..........Graduate, Beavercreek High School,Xenia, Ohio. 1954-1936 . .U.S. Army. 1 9 5 7 ..........B.S.Ed., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. 1957-1958 . .Industrial Arts Teacher,Berry Junior High School, Columbus City Schools, Columbus,Ohio. 1958-1962 . .Industrial Arts Teacher,Barnes Junior High School, Kettering City Schools, Kettering, Ohio. 1962-1963 .... Graduate Teaching Assistant, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois. 1963 ..........M.Ed., University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois. 1963-1964 . • .Industrial Arts Teacher,Barnes Junior High School, Kettering City Schools, Kettering, Ohio. 1964-1967 .... Industrial Arts Teacher, Fairmont East High School, Kettering City Schools, Kettering, Ohio. 1967-1970 .... Diversified Cooperative Training Coordin­ ator, Fairmont East High School, Kettering City: Schools, Kettering, Ohio. 1970-1972 . E.P.D. A. #522 Leadership Development Fellow, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. 1972 ...... Consultant for Vocational Education, The Ohio Division of Correction, Columbus, Ohio, PUBLICATION Evaluative Planning Research Project in Vocational Education For The Ohio Division of Correction Institutions, DrI Max J. Lerner, W. Pay Purkey co-chairman, Columbus, Ohio Department of Correction and Rehabilitation. 1972. iii FIELD OF STUDY Major Field. Vocational-Technical Education Adviser Professor Robert M. Reese Supportive Areas of Study Curriculum and Foundations Educational Administration iv CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...................................... 1 1 VITA ................................................. lii LIST OF TABLES • . vii Chapter I STATEMENT OF PROBLEM ....................... 1 Introduction Need for the Study- Related Research Objectives of the Study Definitions Assumptions Limitations II PROCEDURE.................................... 16 Procedure Population Summary III PRESENTATION OF D A T E ..........................23 Return of Survey Instrument Response to Survey Items IV SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 38 Summary Conclusions Recommendations APPENDIX ' A SURVEY INSTRUMENT.............................71 B FIRST FOLLOW-UP LETTER................. ?6 C SECOND FOLLOW-UP LETTER ...................... 78 D INSTITUTIONS INCLUDED IN THE STUDY............ 80 v APPENDIX Page E PROGRAMS AND NUMBER OF INSTITUTIONS OFFERING EACH PROGRAM...................... 97 F COPYRIGHT D ATES.............................. 103 G PRESENT AND MAXIMUM ENROLLMENT FOR EACH PROGRAM................................... 108 H LENGTH OF PROGRAMS, IN WE E K S................. 113 I SQUARE FOOTAGE, RANGE AND AVERAGE FOR EACH PROGRAM................... 116 BIBLIOGRAPHY........... 122 vi LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Vocational Programs and Type of Security .... 26 2 Number of Institutions and Number of Programs.................................... 29 3 Institutions -with Budget....................... 29 4 Source of Funds.......................... 30 5 Selection of Students........................ 31 6 Determination of Enrollment.................... 32 7 Job Placement............................ 33 8 Organized Follow-up .......................... 34 9 Frequency of Follow-up ....................... 33 10 Twelve Most Common Vocational Programs .... 36 11 Sponsor of Vocational Education Programs . 37 12 Test [Requirements........................... 38 13 Grade Achievement Required for Enrollment . 39 14 Enrollment Requirements ............. .... 4 0 13 Copyright Date of Basic Text or Reference Materials ....................... 42 16 Recognition of Completion...................... 43 17 Present and Maximum Enrollment for the Twelve Most Common Programs................ 45 18 Range of Enrollment and Average Enrollment for the Twelve Most Common Programs.........46 vii Table Page 19 Advisory Committee .......................... 47 20 Length of Programs......................... 49 21 Length of Instruction...................... 50 22 Total Vocational Instuction Per D a y ........ 51 23 Teacher Certification ....................... 53 24 Size of Shop or Laboratory for the Twelve Most Common Programs ........ 54 25 Average Size of Institutional Programs Compared to the Average Size in Programs in One Stated Public Vocational Programs . 57 viii CHAPTER I STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Introduction In the report of the President’s Task Force on Prisoner Rehabilitation of April 1970 it states: nA constructive member of the community, by definition, is a working member. A common characteristic of offenders is a poor work record: indeed it is fair to conjecture that a considerable number of them took to crime in the first place for lack of ability or the opportunity — or both — to earn a legal living. Therefore, satisfying work experiences for institution­ alized offenders, including vocational train­ ing when needed, and the assurance of decent jobs for released offenders, should be at the heart of the correctional process." What is the status of vocational training in the correctional institutions of this country? What areas of training are available? How many inmates are involved in vocational training programs? The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which vocational education actually exists in The Criminal Offender - What Should Be Done, The Report of the President's Task Force on Prisoner Rehabilitation, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1970, p. 9. 2 American correctional institutions and to present this information in a meaningful manner as a resource for planning by correctional and educational personnel.