VOLUME 87 NUMBER 314 NOVEMBER 2018 AMERICANMATHEMATICALSOCIETY EDITED BY Daniele Boffi Susanne C. Brenner, Managing Editor Martin Burger Albert Cohen Ronald F. A. Cools Bruno Despres Qiang Du Bettina Eick Howard C. Elman Ivan Graham Ralf Hiptmair Mark van Hoeij Frances Kuo Sven Leyffer Christian Lubich Gunter Malle Andrei Mart´ınez-Finkelshtein James McKee Michael J. Mossinghoff Michael J. Neilan Fabio Nobile Adam M. Oberman Frank-Olaf Schreyer Christoph Schwab Zuowei Shen Igor E. Shparlinski Chi-Wang Shu Andrew V. Sutherland Daniel B. Szyld Hans Volkmer Barbara Wohlmuth Mathematics of Computation This journal is devoted to research articles of the highest quality in computational mathematics. Areas covered include numerical analysis, computational discrete mathe- matics, including number theory, algebra and combinatorics, and related fields such as stochastic numerical methods. 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Postmaster: Send address changes to Mathematics of Computation, American Mathematical Society, 201 Charles Street, Providence, RI 02904-2213 USA. c 2018 by the American Mathematical Society. All rights reserved. This journal is indexed in Mathematical Reviews, Zentralblatt MATH, Science Citation Index , Science Citation IndexTM–Expanded, ISI Alerting ServicesSM, CompuMath Citation Index ,andCurrent Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. This journal is archived in Portico and in CLOCKSS. ∞ The paper used in this book is acid-free and falls within the guidelines established to ensure permanence and durability. 10987654321 232221201918 MATHEMATICS OF COMPUTATION CONTENTS Vol. 87, No. 314 November 2018 L´ena¨ıcChizat, Gabriel Peyr´e,Bernhard Schmitzer, and Fran¸cois- Xavier Vialard, Scaling algorithms for unbalanced optimal transport problems ............................................................ 2563 Christian Kreuzer and Emmanuil H. Georgoulis, Convergence of adaptive discontinuous Galerkin methods ............................ 2611 Paul Houston and Thomas P. Wihler, An hp-adaptive Newton- discontinuous-Galerkin finite element approach for semilinear elliptic boundary value problems ............................................ 2641 Andrea Cangiani, Emmanuil H. Georgoulis, and Younis A. Sabawi, Adaptive discontinuous Galerkin methods for elliptic interface problems 2675 Jeonghun J. Lee and Ragnar Winther, Local coderivatives and approximation of Hodge Laplace problems ........................... 2709 Siyang Wang, Anna Nissen, and Gunilla Kreiss, Convergence of finite difference methods for the wave equation in two space dimensions . 2737 Ralf Kornhuber, Daniel Peterseim, and Harry Yserentant, An analysis of a class of variational multiscale methods based on subspace decomposition ....................................................... 2765 Eliane´ B´ecache, Patrick Joly, and Valentin Vinoles, On the analysis of perfectly matched layers for a class of dispersive media and application to negative index metamaterials ..................................... 2775 Dario A. Bini, Stefano Massei, and Beatrice Meini, Semi-infinite quasi- Toeplitz matrices with applications to QBD stochastic processes . 2811 Yang Zhou and Xiaojun Chen, Spherical t-designs for approximations on the sphere ........................................................ 2831 Zhijian He, Quasi-Monte Carlo for discontinuous integrands with singularities along the boundary of the unit cube . 2857 Jared Duker Lichtman and Carl Pomerance, Improved error bounds for the Fermat primality test on random inputs . 2871 Andrew R. Booker, Finite connected components of the aliquot graph . 2891 St˚alAanderaa, Lars Kristiansen, and Hans Kristian Ruud, Search for good examples of Hall's conjecture ............................... 2903 Markus Hittmeir, A babystep-giantstep method for faster deterministic integer factorization ................................................. 2915 Jonathan W. Sands and Brett A. Tangedal, Computing annihilators of class groups from derivatives of L-functions . 2937 Philip Brinkmann and G¨unter M. Ziegler, Small f-vectors of 3-spheres and of 4-polytopes ................................................... 2955 Fr´ed´eric Chyzak, Thomas Dreyfus, Philippe Dumas, and Marc Mezzarobba, Computing solutions of linear Mahler equations . 2977 Javier Cilleruelo, Florian Luca, and Lewis Baxter, Every positive integer is a sum of three palindromes ................................ 3023 INDEX TO VOLUME 87 (2018) Aanderaa, St˚al,Lars Kristiansen, and Hans Kristian Ruud. Search for good examples of Hall's conjecture, 2903 Acosta, Gabriel, Juan Pablo Borthagaray, Oscar Bruno, and Mart´ınMaas. Regularity theory and high order numerical methods for the (1D)-fractional Laplacian, 1821 Altmann, R., and C. Zimmer. Runge-Kutta methods for linear semi-explicit operator differential- algebraic equations, 149 Angot, Philippe, and Rima Cheaytou. On the error estimates of the vector penalty-projection methods: Second-order scheme, 2159 Banjai, Lehel, and Alexander Rieder. Convolution quadrature for the wave equation with a non- linear impedance boundary condition, 1783 Bao, Weizhu, and Chunmei Su. Uniform error bounds of a finite difference method for the Klein- Gordon-Zakharov system in the subsonic limit regime, 2133 Baumstark, Simon, Erwan Faou, and Katharina Schratz. Uniformly accurate exponential-type integrators for Klein-Gordon equations with asymptotic convergence to the classical NLS splitting, 1227 Baxter, Lewis. See Cilleruelo, Javier B´ecache, Eliane,´ Patrick Joly, and Valentin Vinoles. On the analysis of perfectly matched layers for a class of dispersive media and application to negative index metamaterials, 2775 Bini, Dario A., Stefano Massei, and Beatrice Meini. Semi-infinite quasi-Toeplitz matrices with applications to QBD stochastic processes, 2811 Birgin, E. G., N. Kreji´c,and J. M. Mart´ınez. On the employment of inexact restoration for the minimization of functions whose evaluation is subject to errors, 1307 Booker, Andrew R. Finite connected components of the aliquot graph, 2891 B¨orm,Steffen. Adaptive compression of large vectors, 209 Borthagaray, Juan Pablo. See Acosta, Gabriel Bras-Amor´os,Maria, and Julio Fern´andez-Gonz´alez. Computation of numerical semigroups by means of seeds, 2539 Bringmann, Bjoern, Daniel Cremers, Felix Krahmer, and Michael Moeller. The homotopy method revisited: Computing solution paths of `1-regularized problems, 2343 Brinkmann, Philip, and G¨unter M. Ziegler. Small f-vectors of 3-spheres and of 4-polytopes, 2955 Broersen, D., W. Dahmen, and R. P. Stevenson. On the stability of DPG formulations of trans- port equations, 1051 Brugiapaglia, Simone, Fabio Nobile, Stefano Micheletti, and Simona Perotto. A theoretical study of COmpRessed SolvING for advection-diffusion-reaction problems, 1 Bruin, Peter,