l'RG. 18I-C (N) 1,500 CENSUS OF INDIA 196 I VOLUME IX MADRAS PART II-C-(l) CULTURAL TABLES P. K. N A M B JAR OF THE INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS. MADRAS 1964 CONTENTS PAGES PREFACE PRELIMINARY NOTE ANNEXURE I Extract of instructions issued 4 ANNEXURE II Ceusus Questionnaire 1871-1961 6 ANNEXURE III Census Population Record 9 FLY LEAF TO TABLE C-I 13 TABLE C-I Family Composition of Sample Households 14-21 FLYLEAF TO TABLE C-II 31 TABLE ColI Age and Marital Status 32-71 FLY LEAF TO TABLE C-IIl 75 TABLE C-Ill PART A Age, Sex and Education in all Areas 76-85 TABLE C-IIl PART B Age, Sex and Education in Urban areas only 86-113 TABLE C-III PART C Age, Sex and Education in Rural areas only 114-127 APPENDIX TO TABLE CollI Data on Scientific and Technical Personnel 129-130 UNION & STATE TABLE 1 to 8 131-265 STATE TABLE I Classification by each branch and sub-branch of Science or Technology 131-134 STATE TABLE II Type of activity and marital status of persons in each branch of Science or Technology 136-147 STATE TABLE III Year of obtaining post-graduate degrees in physical Sciences and graduates and Doctorates in Engineering, Technology and selected branches of Physical Sciences. .,. 150-157 STATE TABLE IV Persons holding degrees in Engineering & Technology and also holding Degrees in selected branches of Physical Science 160-163 STATE TABLE V Nature and sector of employment of persons in each branch of Science or Technology 166-189 STATE TABLE VI Total monthly income of persons employed in each branch of Science or Technology classified by sector of employment. 192-221 STATE TABLE VII Tenure and Sector of employment of persons in each branch of Science or Technology. 224-235 STA TE TABLE VIII Age allll period of unemployed persons qualified in any branch of SciC'ilee or Technology 238-265 FLYLEAF TO TABLE C-IV 269 TABLE C-IV Single year Age Returns 270-331 FLY LEAF TO TABLE C-V 335-343 APPENDIX TO TABLE C-V 344 TABLE C-V Mother-tongue 346-399 FLY LEAF TO tABLE C-VI 403 TABLE C-VI Bilingualism 404-460 FLY LEAF TO TABLE C-VII 463 TABLE c-vn Religion 464-467 FLYLEAF TO TABLE C-VIII 471 TABLE CoVIll PART A Classification by literacy and industrial category of Workers and Non-Workers among Scheduled Castes 472-41'; TABLE C-VIIl PART B Classification by literacy and industrial category of Workers and Non-Workers among Scheduled Tribes 416-419 Administrative Divisions MAP FrClntispi~ CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 Census Report-Vol. IX will relate to Madras only_ Under this series will be issue!l the following Publications. Part I-A General Report I-B Demography and Vital Statistics I-C Subsidiary Tables ,\, Part II-A General Popula tion Ti: hies -.\' II-B [1] Gentral Economic Ta bIes B I to B IV II-B [II] -do- B V to B IX t II-C [I] Cultural Tables II-C [II] Migration Tables Part III Household Economic Tables Part IV-A Report on Housing and Establishments '.'1. IV-B Housing and Establishmcnt Tablcs Part V-A Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Report & Tables) V-B Ethnographic notes on Scheduled Tribes V-C Todas V-D Ethnographic notes on Scheduled Castes V-E Ethnographic notes on denotified and nomadic tribes .'(;. Part VI Village Survey Monographs (40 Nos.) -.'1. Part VII-A Crafts and Artisans (9 Nos.) VII-B Fairs and Festivals -.\' Part VIII-A Administration Report--Enumeration } For Ofiicial use only VIII-B Administration Report-Tabulation Part IX Atlas of the Madras State Part X Madras City District Census Handbooks on twelve districts Part XI Reports on Special Studies :-­ A Handlooms in Madras State B Food Habits in Madras State C Slums of Madras City D Temples of Madras State * E Physically Handicapped of Madras State F Family Planning Attitudes: A Survey Part XII Languages of Madras State PUBLISHED BY THE MANAGER Of PUBLICATIONS, DELHI-~. PRINTED AT KASTURI PRINTERS, MADRAS-7. *" already published t present volume It is my pleasant duty to acknowledge the able assistance given by the following members of my staff: Sri. J. R. RAMANATHAN, Deputy Superintendent of Census Operations Sri. D. RANGANATHAN, Tabulation Officer Sri. T. BALAKRISHNA KURUP, Lower Division Clerk Sri. V. VENKATA RAO, Do Sri. V. SESHASAYEE, Comptist PRE:FACE In this Volume, I present Social and Cultural Tables Of these, C-I is based on the Census Population Record (C Series). I have also added a preliminary note explaining the prepared on the back of the Household Schedule. The other concepts on which these tables are based. This volume is a social and cultural characteristics covered by the Tables are­ companion volume to the three volumes already published, (1) Age and Marital Status (2) Literacy and educational levels Part II-A containing "A"series and Part II-B and Part III (3) Mother-tongue (4) Bilingualism and (5) Religion. In containing "B" series tables. addition to these, two tables have been presented on Scheduled The manner in which the data were collected and the nature Castes and Scheduled Tribes explaining the cultural characteri­ of machinery employed for that purpose have been indicated stics. These tables have been prepared on the basis of the data in brief in the volume on "A" series. The information covered collected through the individual slip. Special tables on Scientific by this volume relate to the social and cultural characteristics of and Technical personnel have been prepared and presented as the population like language, religion, marital status and Appendix to Table C III. These tables are based on the education. information furnished by them in a special card distributed at the time of census enumeration. The following Tables are exhibited: C-I Family composition of Sample Households (Based on At the beginning of every table, the concepts used and the 20% sample) principle on which the tables are based have been explained. C-II Age and Marital Status The conclusions to be drawn from these tables will be found in C-III Part A Age, Sex and Education in all areas the chapters devoted to Social and Cultural aspects C-III Part B Age, Sex and Education in urban areas only in the general Report of 1961 Census. In the preli­ C-IlI Part C Age, Sex and Education in rural areas only minary note, the history of questions has been traced and the C-IV Single year age returns concepts explained. An extract of the Enumeration Manual C-V Mother-tongue C-VI Bilingualism explaining the questions and the manner in which information C-VII Religion has been collected has also been added. The comparability C-VIIl - Part A Scheduled Castes with the data collected during the previous Censuses has been C-VIII - Part ~ Scheduled Tribes maintained. P. K. NAMBIAR Superintendent of Census Optrations SECTION I - C SERIES TABLES Preliminary Note C Series Tables presented in Part I of this volume relate to The manner of enquiry into the age has also undergone the social and cultural data collected during 1961 Census. modification from Census to Census. In 1871 and 1881 it was Except Table C-I they deal with the social and cultural left to the discretion of the enumerator to fix the age of the characteristics of the population, viz. age and marital status, people who did not know it. Instructions given to the literacy and educational levels, mother-tongue, bi-lingualism, enumerators in 1881 read as follows: "If any person is unable religion and special' characteristics of Scheduled Castes and to state his or her age precisely, do not leave the column blank, Scheduled Tribes. They have been compiled from the data but fill it up with as much accuracy as you can from your own obtained from the following questions in the individual slip: observation, if the person is before you and after a proper enquiry from other inmates of the house". In 1891 it was Serial Question suggested to the enumerator that if a person cannot state the Description No. No. age correctly, he should refer the person to some wellknown events of local importance such as famine, cyclone, Maha 1 2 Age last birth day Makam and Pushkara festival, with a view to link the year 2 3 Marital status of birth with such events. This method was followed till the 3 5 (b) Religion year 1931. The event to be referred to was left to the choice of the enumerator. In 1941, a calendar of outstanding 5 (c) 4 Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes occurrences, chronologically arranged, was supplied to the 5 6 Literacy and Education enumerator. In 1951 and 1961 the calendar was brought uptodate. Apart from this, it is likely that the accuracy of the 6 7 (a) Mother-tongue age return has improved because of the spread of literacy. 7 7 (b) Any other languages Marital Status: The instructions issued for collecting the particulars in 1961 Marital status is another information which like sex and age Census will be found in Annexure I. It is good to have an has been collected from the beginning of Census history. idea of the scope and content of the concepts used and how The classification of marital status adopted in 1961 Census they have changed from Census to Census. Questions asked on follow the recommendation of the United Nations which are age, literacy, education, marital status, religion, caste and based on International Census practices.