ATTI DELLA SOCIETÀ TOSCANA DI SCIENZE NATURALI MEMORIE • SERIE A • VOLUME CXXVI • ANNO 2019 Edizioni ETS Serie_A_BN.indb 1 11/03/20 09:17 e della Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Lucca Serie_A_BN.indb 2 11/03/20 09:17 INDICE - CONTENTS P. FULIGNATI, P. MARIANELLI, A. SBRANA – Quanti- M. BAccI, S. CORSI, L. LOMBARDI, M. GIUNTI – Gli tative SEM-EDS analysis of reference silicate mineral interventi di ripristino morfologico ed ecologico del and glass samples. sistema dunale del Golfo di Follonica (Toscana, Ita- Analisi quantitative SEM-EDS di campioni di riferi- lia): tecniche utilizzate e risultati del monitoraggio. mento di vetri e minerali silicatici. pag. 5 Morphological and ecological activities to restore the dune system at the Follonica Gulf (Tuscany, Italy): tech- G. GALLELLO, J. BERNABEU, A. DIEZ-CASTILLO, niques used and monitoring results. » 57 P. EscRIBA, A. PASTOR, M. LEZZERINI, S. CHENERY, M.E. HOdsON, D. STUmp – Developing REE param- D. MAGALDI – Interglacial Pleistocene paleosols sup- eters for soil and sediment profile analysis to identify porting old roads in central Tuscany. Neolithic anthropogenic signatures at Serpis Valley Paleosuoli del Pleistocene interglaciale a supporto di (Spain). antiche strade nella Toscana centrale. » 67 Sviluppo di parametri REE per l’analisi del profilo del suolo e dei sedimenti per identificare le firme antropoge- V. SPADINI – Pliocene scleractinians from Estepona niche neolitiche nella valle del Serpis (Spagna). » 13 (Malaga, Spain). Sclerattiniari pliocenici di Estepona (Malaga, Spagna). » 75 D. MAURO, C. BIAGIONI, M. PASERO, H. SKOGBY – Crystal-chemistry of sulfates from the Apuan Alps R. GIANNECCHINI, M. AMBROSIO, A. DEL SORDO, (Tuscany, Italy). III. Mg-rich sulfate assemblages from M-T. FAGIOLI, A. SARTELLI, Y. GALANTI – Hydroge- the Fornovolasco mining complex. ological numerical modeling of the southeastern por- Cristallochimica dei solfati delle Alpi Apuane (Toscana, tion of the Lucca Plain (Tuscany, Italy), stressed by Italia). III. Associazioni a solfati ricchi in Mg dal com- groundwater exploitation. plesso minerario di Fornovolasco. » 33 Modello idrogeologico numerico del settore sud-orien- tale della Piana di Lucca (Toscana, Italia) caratterizzato P. ORLANDI, M. D’ORAZIO – Cinnabar and other hi- da sfruttamento intensivo delle risorse idriche. » 95 gh-density minerals from stream sediments of Monti Pisani (Pisa and Lucca provinces, Tuscany). W. LANDINI – In memoria di Marco Tongiorgi Cinabro ed altri minerali ad elevata densità negli “stre- (1934-2019). am sediments” dei Monti Pisani (Province di Lucca e » 45 In memory of Marco Tongiorgi (1934-2019). » 111 Pisa, Toscana). Processi Verbali della Società Toscana di Scienza Na- turali residente in Pisa. Anno 2019 - http://www.stsn.it. » 121 Serie_A_BN.indb 3 11/03/20 09:17 Serie_A_BN.indb 4 11/03/20 09:17 Atti Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat., Mem., Serie A, 126 (2019) pagg. 75-94, figg. 31; tabb. 2; doi: 10.2424/ASTSN.M.2019.14 VALERIANO SPADINI (1) PLIOCENE SCLERACTINIANS FROM ESTEPONA (MALAGA, SPAIN) Abstract - V. SPADINI, Pliocene scleractinians from Estepona (Malaga, scribe a species from Andalusia. A total of 17 species Spain). of scleractinians are cited, two of which are proposed Early Pliocene scleractinians from Estepona Basin (Spain) are de- as new (Astrocoenia almerai De Angelis, 1894; Flabel- scribed and illustrated. Twenty-seven species, belonging to the fam- lum malagense Barrois & Offret, 1889). De Angelis ilies Caryophylliidae (13 species), Dendrophylliidae (6 species), Fla- bellidae (5 species), Oculinidae (2 species) and Micrabaciidae and (1894), also mentions species belonging to the genera Turbinoliidae (one species each), were examined. The genus Spheno- Caryophyllia, Dendrophyllia, Balanophyllia, Cladocora, trochus is reported for the first time from the Pliocene of the Mediter- as many as four species of Coenocyathus and four of ranean Sea. Other interesting findings include one species of Bathelia Flabellum, while Castells (1987) reports three species and one species of Madrepora. of Flabellum from Cataloña, all already reported by De Angelis (1894) (Tab. 1). Other undetermined species of Key words - Spain, Estepona, Pliocene, scleractinians the Spanish Pliocene have been figured by Martinell Riassunto - V. SPADINI, Sclerattiniari pliocenici di Estepona (Malaga, & Domenech (2009). Spagna). The scleractinian fauna described in the present pa- Vengono descritti e figurati gli sclerattiniari pliocenici provenienti dal per appears interesting due to the finding of a species bacino di Estepona (Spagna). Complessivamente le specie descritte of the genus Sphenotrochus, never previously reported sono 27 appartenenti alle famiglie Caryophylliidae (13 specie), Den- from the Pliocene of the Mediterranean Sea, a species drophylliidae (6 specie), Flabellidae (5 specie), Oculinidae (2 specie) of the genus Bathelia already reported from the Italian e, in ultimo, Micrabaciidae e Turbinoliidae (una specie). Un genere, Pliocene (Spadini, 2016), and a species of Madrepora. Sphenotrochus, è citato per la prima volta nel Pliocene del Mar Medi- terraneo. È confermata la presenza del genere Bathelia, già segnalata per il Pliocene senese e di una specie di Madrepora. GEOLOGICAL SETTING Parole chiave - Spagna, Estepona, Pliocene, Sclerattiniari The Pliocene sediments in the Estepona basin rely on metamorphic rocks of the Sierra Bermeja and on INTRODUCTION sandstone of the Campo de Gibraltar Flysch Complex (Aguirre et al. 2005). The Pliocene deposits can be This paper is the first account of the scleractinian fau- grouped in two sedimentary cycles (Guerra Merchán na of the Pliocene Basin of Estepona and contributes et al., 1996). The lower cycle consists of alluvial depos- to knowledge of the fossil fauna of the Iberian region. its in which littoral and shelf facies overlap. The upper The Estepona Basin of southern Spain is characterized cycle is represented by two units. The first is a thick by fossiliferous outcrops of Pliocene age. The abundan- debris facies, linked to the development of delta de- ce and good preservation state of the faunal assemblage posits and local coastal deposits. The second consists has enabled systematic and palaeoecological research of bioturbated sandy and lutitic facies with abundant on Pliocene benthic communities (Vera Paláez et al., shallow-water marine faunal content (Guerra Merchán 1995; Aguirre et al., 2005 and references therein; Lan- et al., 1996). dau et al., 2009 and references therein). These studies The specimens of scleractinian corals studied here come highlighted a rich macrofossil assemblage, with 1300 from three different outcrops of the Estepona Basin: species of marine invertebrates, mainly molluscs toge- Parque Antena, Valerín Carretera and Chincheta. The ther with echinides, brachiopods and scleractinian co- Parque Antena Section is one of the most diversified rals (Guerra Marchán et al., 1996; Aguirre et al., 2006). and rich paleontological sites in the Estepona Basin and Little is known about the scleractinian fauna of the is distinguished by the excellent state of preservation Spanish Pliocene (Barrois & Offret, 1889; De Ange- of its fossil fauna. (Guerra Marchan et al., 1996; Aguir- lis, 1894; Castells, 1978). These papers reported on re et al., 2005). The site extends for about 8 km ENE some species of scleractinians from Cataloña and de- from Estepona. According to the paleogeographic re- (1) Via A. Toti, 4, 52046 Lucignano (AR), Email: [email protected] 76 V. SPADINI Figure 1. Schematic geological map of the study area indicat- ing the geographical location of Parque Antena, Valerin Carretera and Chincheta (from Guerra-Mer- chán et al., 1999; modified). construction, it is exposed along the coast and extends MATERIALS AND METHODS through the valley of the Rio Gualdalmansa (Aguirre et al., 2005). The sediment consists of coarse-grained sand Coral fossil samples were collected manually and were intercalated with conglomerate and breccia. Fossil in- cleaned and brushed with water and hydrogen peroxide vertebrates are abundant in the conglomerates and san- to remove sediment. Identification was performed on ds deposited in the transition zone between the coastal the basis of macro and micromorphological characters strip and the shelf (Aguirre et al., 2005). related to corallum shape, development of radial ele- The Valerín Carretera deposit consists of medium to ments, corallite diameter, number of pali and columel- fine grained fossiliferous sands (bizcornil facies) very la development according to Wells (1956), Zibrowius rich in fossils (Aguirre et al., 2005). The silts and fine (1980), Cairns & Kitahara (2012) and Spadini (2015). grained sand of the lower part of the section coincide Observations were completed with optical equipment with the transition from the outer fan-delta to shelf and the principal measurements were made with an settings. analog caliper. Illustrations of the coralla and other The Parque Antena and Valerín-Carretera sections details were made with a digital camera. can be assigned to the late Zanclean (early Pliocene) The systematic palaeontology of the specimens is pre- on the basis of planktonic foraminifera (coexistence of sented in a family-genus systematic order. The cha- G. margaritae, G. puncticulata, G. crassaformis). On the racters of each species are described along with remar- geochronological time scale, these deposits lie betwe- ks on its classification. en the first occurrence of the Globorotalia crassaformis The studied material is