Titel Critical Examination of some Arabic-German and Arabic-English Dictionaries Inaugural-Dissertation in der Philosophischen Fakultät II (Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaften) der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg vorgelegt von Ahmed Jneid aus Aleppo/ Syrien D29 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 6.11.2007 Dekanin: Universitätsprofessor Dr. Mechthild Habermann Erstgutachter: Universitätsprofessor Dr. Franz Josef Hausmann Zweitgutachter: Universitätsprofessor Dr. Wolfdietrich Fischer Contents Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1 Terminology....................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Macrostructure and microstructure........................................................................ 3 1.2 Active and passive bilingual dictionaries .............................................................. 3 1.3 Language pair........................................................................................................ 4 1.3.1 Word structure and parts of speech ............................................................... 7 2 Arabic- German lexicography ......................................................................... 9 2.1 Hans Wehr dictionary............................................................................................ 9 2.1.1 Editions.......................................................................................................... 9 2.1.2 Corpus.......................................................................................................... 11 2.1.3 Macrostructure............................................................................................. 12 2.1.3.1 Problems of the root system .................................................................... 14 2.1.3.2 Range of vocabulary................................................................................ 17 2.1.4 Microstructure ............................................................................................. 19 2.1.4.1 Meaning discrimination........................................................................... 20 2.1.4.2 Phonetic system....................................................................................... 22 2.1.4.3 Grammatical information ........................................................................ 23 2.1.5 Phraseology ................................................................................................. 24 2.1.5.1 Genitive combinations............................................................................. 24 2.1.5.1.1 Range of genitive combinations .......................................................... 25 2.1.5.1.2 The arrangement and representation of genitive combinations........... 25 2.1.5.2 Collocations............................................................................................. 26 2.1.5.2.1 Verb-noun collocations....................................................................... 26 2.1.5.2.2 Adjective-noun collocations................................................................ 29 2.1.5.2.3 Noun-adjective collocations................................................................ 29 2.1.5.3 Idioms ...................................................................................................... 30 2.1.6 Conclusion................................................................................................... 30 2.2 Langenscheidt Handwörterbuch.......................................................................... 32 2.2.1 Editions........................................................................................................ 32 2.2.2 Corpus.......................................................................................................... 33 2.2.3 Macrostructure............................................................................................. 33 2.2.3.1 Advantages of the macrostructural arrangement..................................... 34 2.2.3.2 Disadvantages of the macrostructural arrangement ................................ 35 2.2.3.2.1 Disadvantages of the alphabetic arrangement ..................................... 35 2.2.3.2.2 Disadvantages of the root system........................................................ 36 2.2.3.3 Range of vocabulary................................................................................ 41 2.2.4 Microstructure ............................................................................................. 45 2.2.4.1 Microstructural similarities ..................................................................... 45 2.2.4.2 Microstructural differences...................................................................... 48 2.2.5 Lexicographic presentation of equivalents.................................................. 51 2.2.5.1 Ways of specifying equivalents............................................................... 53 2.2.5.2 Usage labels............................................................................................. 56 2.2.6 Pronunciation, orthography, grammar and morphology ............................. 57 2.2.6.1 Pronunciation and orthography ............................................................... 57 2.2.6.2 Morphology and grammar....................................................................... 58 2.2.6.2.1 Morphological and grammar information ........................................... 58 2.2.6.2.2 Syntactic information .......................................................................... 59 2.2.6.2.3 Grammatical model ............................................................................. 60 2.2.6.2.4 Presentation of the information ........................................................... 61 2.2.7 Phraseology ................................................................................................. 62 2.2.7.1 Genitive combinations............................................................................. 62 2.2.7.2 Collocations............................................................................................. 65 2.2.7.2.1 Verb-noun collocations....................................................................... 65 2.2.7.2.2 Adjective-noun collocations................................................................ 68 2.2.7.2.3 Noun-adjective collocations................................................................ 69 2.2.7.3 Idioms ...................................................................................................... 70 2.2.7.3.1 Presentation of idioms ......................................................................... 70 2.2.7.3.2 Arrangement and range of idioms ....................................................... 71 2.2.8 Conclusion................................................................................................... 72 3 Arabic-English lexicography.......................................................................... 74 3.1 Al-Mawrid: Arabic-English dictionary............................................................... 74 3.1.1 Editions........................................................................................................ 74 3.1.2 Corpus.......................................................................................................... 74 3.1.3 Macrostructure............................................................................................. 75 3.1.3.1 Range of vocabulary................................................................................ 75 3.1.4 Microstructure ............................................................................................. 77 3.1.5 Meaning discrimination............................................................................... 79 3.1.6 Pronunciation, grammar and morphology................................................... 80 3.1.6.1 Pronunciation........................................................................................... 80 3.1.6.2 Morphological and grammar information ............................................... 80 3.1.6.3 Syntactic information .............................................................................. 81 3.1.7 Phraseology ................................................................................................. 82 3.1.7.1 Genitive combinations............................................................................. 82 3.1.7.2 Collocations............................................................................................. 83 3.1.7.2.1 Verb-noun collocations....................................................................... 83 3.1.7.2.1.1 Range of verb-noun collocations................................................ 83 3.1.7.2.1.2 Arrangement of verb-noun collocations..................................... 86 3.1.7.2.2 Adjective-noun collocations................................................................ 87 3.1.7.2.3 Noun-adjective collocations................................................................ 88 3.1.7.3 Idioms ...................................................................................................... 88 3.1.8 Conclusion................................................................................................... 90 4 Résumé ............................................................................................................. 92 5 Annex...............................................................................................................